A substructure analysis of the A3558 cluster complex

The "algorithm driven by the density estimate for the identification of clusters" (DEDICA, Pisani 1993, 1996) is applied to the A3558 cluster complex in order to find substructures. This complex, located at the center of the Shapley Concentration supercluster, is a chain formed by the ACO clusters A3556, A3558 and A3562 and the two poor clusters SC 1327-312 and SC 1329-313. We find a large number of clumps, indicating that strong dynamical processes are active. In particular, it is necessary to use a fully three-dimensional sample(i.e. using the galaxy velocity as third coordinate) in order to recover also the clumps superimposed along the line of sight. Even if a great number of detected substructures were already found in a previous analysis (Bardelli et al. 1998), this method is more efficient and faster when compared with the use of a wide battery of tests and permits the direct estimate of the detection significance. Almost all subclusters previously detected by the wavelet analyses found in the literature are recognized by DEDICA. On the basis of the substructure analysis, we also briefly discuss the origin of the A3558 complex by comparing two hypotheses: 1) the structure is a cluster-cluster collision seen just after the first core-core encounter; 2) this complex is the result of a series of incoherent group-group and cluster-group mergings, focused in that region by the presence of the surrounding supercluster. We studied the fraction of blue galaxies in the detected substructures and found that the bluest groups reside between A3562 and A3558, i.e. in the expected position in the scenario of the cluster-cluster collision.Comment: 10 pages with 12 encapsulated figures; MNRAS in pres

A Voltage Calibration Chain for Meters Used in Measurements of EV Inductive Power Charging

The inductive charging of electric vehicles requires specific measurement and calibration systems. In fact, the measurement of power on board involves DC signals, which are superimposed to a significant AC ripple up to or over 150 kHz, depending on the type of charging system. A calibration method that makes use of a phantom power, based on two independent but synchronized circuits, is considered, simulating the charging voltage and current. This paper describes in detail a solution in the realization of the voltage calibration chain, based on the use of a DC voltage calibrator, an injector and a voltage divider.Comment: 2 pages, Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018), Paris

Radio halos in merging clusters of galaxies

We present the preliminary results of 235 MHz, 327 MHz and 610 MHz observations of the galaxy cluster A3562 in the core of the Shapley Concentration. The purpose of these observations, carried out with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT, Pune, India) was to study the radio halo located at the centre of A3562 and determine the shape of its radio spectrum at low frequencies, in order to understand the origin of this source. In the framework of the re--acceleration model, the preliminary analysis of the halo spectrum suggests that we are observing a young source (few $10^8$ yrs) at the beginning of the re--acceleration phase.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of IAU Colloquium 195 - Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters: intense life in the suburb

Studying the Evolution of Multi-Wavelength Emissivities with the Vimos VLT Deep Survey

The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey is a unique I-selected spectroscopic sample to study galaxies all the way from z=5 to z=0. We recapitulate the first results about the evolution of the galaxy populations as a function of type, morphology, environment and luminosity.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the XLIst Rencontres de Moriond, XXVIth Astrophysics Moriond Meeting: "From dark halos to light", Eds. L.Tresse, S. Maurogordato and J. Tran Thanh Van (Editions Frontieres

2D equivalent linear analysis for the seismic vulnerability evaluation of multi-propped retaining structures

The evaluation of the seismic behaviour of underground structures represents one of the most actual seismic geotechnical and structural engineering research topics about the study of the complex phenomena of soil-structural interaction. In the last decades, different types of simplified and numerical approaches have been developed for the correct analysis of the seismic vulnerability of these important infrastructures and a series of laboratory tests for the seismic behaviour characterization of the soils (resonant column test, etc.) and of the coupled soil-structure system (centrifuge test, etc.) have been conducted, especially after the recent strong earthquakes where the underground structures have been subjected to significant damages. In the same way, in the last few years, the International Codes are beginning to pay attention to the concepts of the seismic design of these structures. Despite the significant development of knowledge, described above, still remain open several uncertainties of the correct reproduction of the underground structures behaviour under seismic load. In this paper, the evaluation of the seismic behaviour of a multi-propped retaining structure was conducted, considering the soil-structure interaction effects. The results of the 2D equivalent linear analysis are analysed in terms of bending moment acting on the concrete retaining walls.L‘évaluation du comportement sismique des structures souterraines représentent un des sujets de recherche les plus courants sismique, géotechnique et de construction, qui concerne l‘étude du phénomène complexe de l‘interaction sol-structure. Pendant les dernières décennies, différents types d‘approches simples et numeriques ont été développés pour une analyse exacte de la vulnérabilité sismique de ces infrastructures importantes et encore une série de tests de laboratoire pour la caractérisation du comportement sismique du sols (test de colonne résonnante etc.) et du système couplé du sol-structure (test de centrifugation etc.) ont été menées, après le fort tremblement de terre où les structures souterraines ont subi des dommages importants. De la même manière, pendant les dèrnieres années, les Codes Internationales ont commencé a prêter plus d‘attention aux concepts de désign sismique de ces structures. Malgré la considèrable connaissance, décrit ci-dessus, il y a quand même de l‘incertitude sur la correcte reproduction du comportement des structures sous charge sismique. Dans cet article, il a été mené l‘evaluation du comportement sismique des structures de soutenement multi-etayé, considérant que les effets de l‘interaction sol-structure. Les resultats de l‘analyse linéaire 2D equivalente sont analysées en termes de moment de flexion agissant sur les murs de soutènement en béton