Kuzey Anadolu ve Doğu Anadolu Fay Zonu için Deprem Tekrarlanma Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi

Olasılıksal Sismik Tehlike Analizi’nde (OSTA) alansal kaynaklar kullanılması durumunda deprem tekrarlanma parametrelerinin (özellikle b-değerinin) sonuç üzerindeki etkisi çok yüksek olmaktadır (Gülerce ve Vakilinezhad, 2015). Deprem tekrarlanma parametrelerinin belirlenmesi sırasında kullanılan deprem kataloğu, sınırlı veri içermesi sebebiyle, parametre belirsizliklerini arttıran en önemli etkenlerden biridir. Buna ek olarak, artçı-ana şok ayrıştırmasında kullanılan yöntemin seçimi, katalog tamamlılık aralıklarının belirlenmesi ve bunun istatistiksel analize doğru yansıtılması, kullanılan istatistiksel analiz yöntemi gibi etkenler hesaplanan b-değerini ve OSTA sonuçlarını çarpıcı bir biçimde değiştirebilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Kalafat ve diğ. (2011) tarafından hazırlanan Bütünleştirilmiş Homojen Türkiye Deprem Kataloğu kullanılarak Kuzey Anadolu ve Doğu Anadolu Fay Zonu için deprem tekrarlanma parametreleri hesaplanmıştır. Artçı-ana şok ayrıştırması için iki farklı yöntem (Gardner and Knopoff, 1974 ve Reasenberg, 1985) kullanılarak bu metotların sonuç üzerinde etkisi gösterilmiştir. Katalog tamamlılık zaman aralıkları ZMAP (Wiemer, 2001) programı kullanılarak belirlenmiş ve bu aralıklar Weichert (1980) tarafından önerilen en büyük olabilirlik yöntemine entegre edilerek bu tektonik yapılar için a ve b-değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında ayrıca ZMAP programı yoluyla değişik istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak deprem tekrarlanma parametreleri hesaplanmış, sonuçlar önerilen değerler ile karşılaştırılarak Kuzey Anadolu ve Doğu Anadolu Fay Zonu için OSTA analizinde kullanılacak parametrelerdeki belirsizlikler irdelenmiştir

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome Associated with Epidermoid Tumour and Arachnoid Cyst: A Case Report

Background: Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS) is a rarely seen clinical entity which is characterised by cerebral hemiatrophy, contralateral hemiparesis and epilepsy. Radiological features are typical, such as unilateral atrophy of the cerebral hemisphere and associated compensatory bone changes in the skull, like thickening, enlargement of the paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells. Case Report: In this article, we report the first case of DDMS associated with epidermoid tumour and arachnoid cyst, who underwent operation for an epidermoid tumour in the inter-hemispheric region. To our knowledge, this is the first report of DDMS associated with multiple intracranial pathologies and this association has not been previously described in the literature. Conclusion: Any patient who receives DDMS in the light of clinical and radiological findings should be investigated for concomitant pathologies. Different sequences of MRI may be useful in the diagnosis of other intracranial lesions

Hydatid Cyst Disease of the Spine: Evaluation of Seven Cases

Introduction: Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic infectious disease, and generally affects the liver and lungs. Spinal involvement is a very rare condition. In this study, we aimed to evaluate patients with spinal hydatid disease. Materials and Methods: Seven patients with spinal hydatid disease treated between 2009 and 2012 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, symptoms and findings, spinal involvement levels, and treatment modalities of the patients were recorded. Results: Four (57%) of the patients were male and 3 (43%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 43 ± 18.2 years. Four (57%) cysts were in the thoracic region, 2 (29%) in the sacral region and 1 (14%) in the lumbar region. Cysts were secondary to spread from other organ systems in four patients due, and were primary in three patients. Conclusion: Hydatid cyst is an infectious disease that may affect various organs. Patients with hydatid cyst in the liver or lung should be checked carefully regarding other system involvement, including the spinal region

The Prevention Effect Of N-Acetylcysteine On Epidural Fibrosis In The Postlaminectomy Rat Model

Aim: The development of epidural fibrosis after laminectomy lead to postoperative morbidities, persistent radicular pain and failed back syndrome. Various materials or drugs have been used to inhibit formation of epidural fibrosis and reduce the compressive effect on neural structures. Nevertheless, the effects are not satisfied. NAC has mucolytic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of NAC on spinal epidural fibrosis in the post-laminectomy rat model. Methods: Twenty-four albino rats were divided randomly into three equal groups: control, spongostan and Local NAC. Each animal underwent a laminectomy. Local NAC group (n=8): 100mg/kg was locally applied with a spongostan soaked with 0,5 ml of the solution and was left on the dura mater. At 4 weeks post surgery, the animals euthanized and their tissue samples at the laminectomy site were assessed histological evaluation for dura thickness, epidural fibrosis grading, inflammatory response grading and presence of arachnoidal involvement. All data were evaluated by statistically. Results: Epidural fibrosis were observed significant lower in the NAC group when compared with control group (p= 0.001) . Inflamattory cell density was significant lower in the NAC group when compared with control and spongostan group(p=0.001 and p=0.015, respectively). Arachnoidal involvement was not observed in NAC group. The differences between all groups weren’t statistically significant for dura thickness and fibloblastic density (p=0.162 and p=0.056, respectively, Kruskal Wallis test) Conclusion: The results of our study suggested that NAC has anti-fibrotic effects on epidural fibrosis in the post-laminectomy rat model

The Outcomes of Late Term Surgical Treatment of Penetrating Peripheral Nerve Injuries

AIM: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the follow-up results of patients who received late-term surgical treatment for peripheral nerve lesions caused by penetrating injuries. MATERIAl and METhODS: The study included 25 patients who underwent surgery for peripheral nerve injuries in our clinic between 2007 and 2013. The patients were evaluated with respect to age, gender, etiology of the trauma, the affected nerve, clinical examinations, electrophysiological findings, surgical techniques and functional outcomes.RESulTS: The study included 30 nerves of 25 patients (19 male, 6 female; mean age 30.1 years). The mean time between the initial injury and admission to our clinic was 11.5 months (range, 3 to 30 months). Cuts caused by glass were the most common cause of injury (68.5%). The most commonly injured nerves in our patients were the median nerve (43.4%) and ulnar nerve (26.6%). External neurolysis and decompression were performed in eleven patients, epineurotomy and internal neurolysis were performed in eight patients, epineural repair was performed in fourteen patients, fascicular repair was performed in three patients, and interfascicular anastomosis using sural nerve grafting was performed in five patients. Postoperative motor strength and electrophysiological analyses showed significant improvements. Better outcomes were obtained in cases with median nerve injuries rather than other nerve injuries. Additionally, patients undergoing external neurolysis and decompression exhibited better outcomes than those undergoing other surgical approaches. COnCluSIOn: Although surgical treatment is recommended as early as possible for peripheral nerve injuries, late-term surgical treatments may provide positive outcomesAIM: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the follow-up results of patients who received late-term surgical treatment for peripheral nerve lesions caused by penetrating injuries. MATERIAl and METhODS: The study included 25 patients who underwent surgery for peripheral nerve injuries in our clinic between 2007 and 2013. The patients were evaluated with respect to age, gender, etiology of the trauma, the affected nerve, clinical examinations, electrophysiological findings, surgical techniques and functional outcomes.RESulTS: The study included 30 nerves of 25 patients (19 male, 6 female; mean age 30.1 years). The mean time between the initial injury and admission to our clinic was 11.5 months (range, 3 to 30 months). Cuts caused by glass were the most common cause of injury (68.5%). The most commonly injured nerves in our patients were the median nerve (43.4%) and ulnar nerve (26.6%). External neurolysis and decompression were performed in eleven patients, epineurotomy and internal neurolysis were performed in eight patients, epineural repair was performed in fourteen patients, fascicular repair was performed in three patients, and interfascicular anastomosis using sural nerve grafting was performed in five patients. Postoperative motor strength and electrophysiological analyses showed significant improvements. Better outcomes were obtained in cases with median nerve injuries rather than other nerve injuries. Additionally, patients undergoing external neurolysis and decompression exhibited better outcomes than those undergoing other surgical approaches. COnCluSIOn: Although surgical treatment is recommended as early as possible for peripheral nerve injuries, late-term surgical treatments may provide positive outcome