Hall Effect and Magnetoresistance in Ferromagnetic Amorphous Fe-Co and Fe-Ni Alloys

The magnetoresistance over the temperature range from 77 K to the crystallization temperature and the Hall resistivity at room temperature were measured for the rapidly quenched amorphous alloys (Fe_Co_x)_Si_B_ and (Fe_Ni_x)_Si_B_. The anisotropic magnetoresistance ratio Δρ/ρ in both systems was roughly one order of magnitude smaller than that of crystalline Fe, Co and Ni metals and their alloys, and the normal and anomalous Hall coefficients R_0 and R_s were roughly one or two order of magnitude greater than those of the crystalline metals and alloys. The values of Δρ/ρ and R_0 and R_s monotonically changed with composition x at room temperature. The changes in Δρ/ρ and R_s with composition were compared with those for the Ni-based crystalline alloys on the basis of Berger\u27s theory

Development of a Novel Reformer for Tar-free Syngas Production

AbstractA novel reformer using highly efficient heat regeneration for tar-free syngas production is developed and its performance demonstrated in a pilot-scale plant using steam gasification. Basic design parameters of the regenerative tar reformer, namely residence time and amount of oxidant are determined based on numerical results. It has been predicted that good performance could be achieved at an operation temperature about 1573K, the residence time exceeding 4sec and an oxidant addition of 12% of the syngas flow rate. The regenerative tar reformer so designed shows stable operation. Over 99% of light and heavy tars are reformed to gas in the case of 11.3% oxygen addition to syngas. Further it is seen that a reduction of oxygen consumption more than 30% compared to a conventional oxidation reformer can be achieved. The formation of a high temperature zone has a strong influence on the tar reforming efficiency

<Individual Paper>An issues concerning the Japan Scholarship Foundation (Nihon Ikuei-Kai) : from the point of the propriety of "loan" scholarship : the report of the students life in the Ministry of Education

Today, the scholarship policy in Japan has been heading for the direction that they increase the finances and the number of the students on a scholarship. However, the Japan Scholarship Foundation (Nihon Ikuei-Kai), the most popular scholarship in Japan, has been more like "students loan", which may cause the problem that those students who are most in need, will not apply for that scholarship, because "loan" scholarship can even become the burden for the students, especially, for those in the lower class. Therefore, that policy seems to be opposed to the idea of the equality of opportunity of education. These points are observed by the low data of the reports of the students life in the Ministry of Education

Magnetic Moment and Curie Temperature of Amorphous (Co_<1-x>Mn_x)_<100-y>B_y Alloys

Measurements have been made of the magnetic moment and the Curie temperature of Co-Mn-B amorphous alloys with wide Mn and B concentrations. The magnetic moment decreases monotonically with increasing Mn concentration for the alloys with low B concentrations, while it increases initially and then decreases for the alloy with high B concentrations. Ferromagnetic moment vanishes at about Mn/(Co+Mn)=0.4 irrespective of B concentration. The Curie point also reaches zero absolute temperature near the same Mn concentration. The upwards convex curves of magnetic moment vs. Mn concentration in the present amorphous alloys are very different from that of the crystalline Co-Mn alloys, but rather similar to that of the (Co, Mn)_2B intermetallic compound. These composition dependences are analyzed in terms of the local environment effect

In-plane Magnetic Anisotropy of Cold Rolled Amorphous Fe_5Co_<70>Si_<15>B_<10> and Fe_<19>Co_<59>Si_<10>B_<12> Alloys

The in-plane twofold magnetic anisotropy of the cold rolled amorphous Fe_5Co_Si_B_ and Fe_Co_Si_B_ alloys was examined by the magnetization curve and the magnetic torque measurements. In the case of the magnetostrictive Fe_Co_Si_B_ alloy, the magnetizing energy was pronouncedly increased by cold rolling in any direction irrespective of the roll direction. The difference between the energies measured in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the roll direction or the induced anisotropy energy was small and not reduced by annealing even beyond the crystallization temperature. The result of annealing temperature dependence is consistent to that obtained by the torque measurement. While, the isotropic term of the magnetizing energy increased by cold rolling was reduced by annealing easily. It was considered that the isotropic term was arised by the stress-magnetostriction effect but the anisotropic term was arised by the anisotropic atomic arrangement in the deformation band

A germinal study on a constitution process of a policy for local educational administration : with the clue to a policy model for a constitution process

The purpose of this study is to clear the importance of research study on a constitution process of a policy for local educational administration which was not regarded as important one and to make one of forms for political analysis under the problem on precede researches and to make a germinal index to research after this. First of all, the importance of the research of a constitution process of a policy for local educational administration is described; (1) the influence between the actors who join to make the policy (2) the significance of a index for political assessment and (3) the importance as a field of political science. Secondly, the remained problems, one is by Mr. Shiraishi of Kyoto University group, and the other one is by Mr. Kajisa. The former study explained the importance of various actors except a board of education in a constitution process of an educational policy, but not the relationships between them. The latter explained the role of a board of education in a constitution process of educational policies, but did not consider another actors in a constitution process of educational policies. Therefore, the main point of this study is to try to make a model which combines a process model and a matrix considering these precede researches. This is very germinal, and is expected the new methods which can analyze the fact on a local educational administration by trial and error after this

A Study on the Effectiveness of Scholarship from the Japan Scholarship Foundation (Nihon Ikuei-Kai) over University Students\u27Life

Today, Scholarship is thought effective as a method to realize the equality of opportunity for university education. Scholarship from the Japan Scholarship Foundation (Nihon Ikuei-Kai) is the largest one among Japanese scholarships. In this paper, I examined the effectiveness of that, considering the amount lent to each student. I set three points of examination, (1) How large is the gap of the life conditions between scholarship students and others? (2) To what extent is the gap corrected between "National and Public university scholarship students" and "Private university ones", and between students come to university from their parents\u27homes and those from dormitory and others? (3) Taking into account the fact that difference of the localities is not considered by the present scholarship system, what problems are predicted to appear from the present distributions? From the examination of those, two points are made clear; (1) the present scholarship is to enlarge in sum, though it has some effects to the equal educational opportunity, (2) the difference of the sum lent to students of each category, as "National and Public" or "Private, "Parents\u27Home" or "Dormitory", is not so large to ensure the equal opportunity. Adding to these, the present system cannot adapt itself to the variety of students\u27study conditions. The reasons of that are; it is difficult to enlarge the sum because the scholarship is lent to each student (not given), and the differences of sum are determined on the limited categories referred above. All these problems are emerged from the defects of the present scholarship system represented by the Japan Scholarship Foundation (Nihon Ikuei-Kai). Thus, it is required to reconsider the very nature of the present scholarship system

Behavior of vascular resistance undergoing various pressure insufflation and perfusion on decellularized lungs

Bioengineering of functional lung tissue by using whole lung scaffolds has been proposed as a potential alternative for patients awaiting lung transplant. Previous studies have demonstrated that vascular resistance (Rv) could be altered to optimize the process of obtaining suitable lung scaffolds. Therefore, this work was aimed at determining how lung inflation (tracheal pressure) and perfusion (pulmonary arterial pressure) affect vascular resistance. This study was carried out using the lungs excised from 5 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats. The trachea was cannulated and connected to a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device to provide a tracheal pressure ranging from 0 to 15 cmH(2)O. The pulmonary artery was cannulated and connected to a controlled perfusion system with continuous pressure (gravimetric level) ranging from 5 to 30 cmH(2)O. Effective Rv was calculated by ratio of pulmonary artery pressure (P-PA) by pulmonary artery flow (V'(PA)). Rv in the decellularized lungs scaffolds decreased at increasing V'(PA), stabilizing at a pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 20 cmH(2)O. On the other hand, CPAP had no influence on vascular resistance in the lung scaffolds after being subjected to pulmonary artery pressure of 5 cmH(2)O. In conclusion, compared to positive airway pressure, arterial lung pressure markedly influences the mechanics of vascular resistance in decellularized lungs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

DNA Lesions Induced by Replication Stress Trigger Mitotic Aberration and Tetraploidy Development

During tumorigenesis, cells acquire immortality in association with the development of genomic instability. However, it is still elusive how genomic instability spontaneously generates during the process of tumorigenesis. Here, we show that precancerous DNA lesions induced by oncogene acceleration, which induce situations identical to the initial stages of cancer development, trigger tetraploidy/aneuploidy generation in association with mitotic aberration. Although oncogene acceleration primarily induces DNA replication stress and the resulting lesions in the S phase, these lesions are carried over into the M phase and cause cytokinesis failure and genomic instability. Unlike directly induced DNA double-strand breaks, DNA replication stress-associated lesions are cryptogenic and pass through cell-cycle checkpoints due to limited and ineffective activation of checkpoint factors. Furthermore, since damaged M-phase cells still progress in mitotic steps, these cells result in chromosomal mis-segregation, cytokinesis failure and the resulting tetraploidy generation. Thus, our results reveal a process of genomic instability generation triggered by precancerous DNA replication stress

Direct observation of quasi-particle band in CeIrIn5_5: Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study

We have performed a high-resolution angle resolved Ce 4$d-4f$ resonant photoemission experiment on the heavy fermion superconductor CeIrIn$_5$. We have observed a quasi-particle band which has an energy dispersion of $\sim 30$ meV in the Ce 4$f$ on-resonance spectra. The result suggests that although the 4$f$ spectra are dominated by the localized/correlated character, the small itinerant component is responsible for the superconductivity in this compound.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure