The C∗C^*-algebras of finitely aligned higher-rank graphs

We generalise the theory of Cuntz-Krieger families and graph algebras to the class of finitely aligned $k$-graphs. This class contains in particular all row-finite $k$-graphs. The Cuntz-Krieger relations for non-row-finite $k$-graphs look significantly different from the usual ones, and this substantially complicates the analysis of the graph algebra. We prove a gauge-invariant uniqueness theorem and a Cuntz-Krieger uniqueness theorem for the $C^*$-algebras of finitely aligned $k$-graphs.Comment: 27 page

Faith, Hope and Love: The Wartime Motivations of Lance Corporal Frederick Spratlin, MM and Bar, 3rd Battalion, CEF

In an attempt to understand the motivations that drive soldiers in war, historians often seek to capture the experience of an individual soldier through his letters, diaries and other personal accounts. But what of the artifacts that are left behind? The personal effects that arrive home to a family after a soldier’s death, neatly labeled and wrapped in yellowed paper. These also have a story to tell. Lance Corporal Spratlin, from Toronto, was killed during the Battle of Amiens in 1918. Today his remains lie in the Toronto Cemetery in France, but following his death one of his most treasured possessions was returned to his family—a small pocket-sized Bible. The condition of the Bible alone suggests something about the man who owned it. A gift from his daughter before he left for war, the Bible is worn, the leather is soft, the pages are so curled they stick together and the words New Testament are faded almost beyond recognition. To this day, 90 years after it was issued, the Bible is permanently bowed, an indication of its place in a soldier’s breast pocket. It is inside the back cover that we gain a clear insight into how a man endures the horrors of war. Penned in Spratlin’s clear, unmistakable handwriting are references to many biblical passages, 11 of them with a corresponding facet of war beside it

Digital Media Production: A guide to finding information

A Library guide to print and electronic resources relevant to Digital Media Productio

An observational study of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Malta

An observational study was carried out comparing the HIV/ AIDS epidemic in Malta to that in South Glamorgan between 1984 and 1992. In both locations the important routes of transmission were use of contaminated blood products and unprotected sex. In both Malta and South Glamorgan 21 AIDS cases had died. The average time of survival from testing HIV positive and death in both locations was 28 months for those who had acquired the virus through blood products. However, for sexually acquired HIV, the average survival in Malta of 9 months contrasted with 33 months in South Glamorgan. Medical care was comparable so this fourfold difference in survival was likely to be due to later presentation of sexually acquired HIV cases in Malta. An HIV knowledge and behaviour survey of young Maltese in a local nightclub found that despite 90% of those questioned knowing that it was possible to contract HIV through unprotected sex, 36% of sexually active men questioned never used a condom.peer-reviewe

Publishing: A guide to finding information

A Library guide to print and electronic resources relevant to Publishin

Foundation Art and Design: A guide to finding information

A Library guide to print and electronic resources for Foundation Art and Desig

The Uncontroversial Controversy in Compelled Commercial Disclosures

Federal and state administrative agencies increasingly advance public health goals through the use of mandatory disclosures, like warning labels on cigarettes, that are intended to both inform and influence consumer decisions. However, the standard for determining whether these requirements violate a commercial speaker’s First Amendment rights is unsettled. In Zauderer v. Office of Disciplinary Counsel, the U.S. Supreme Court adopted a test that defers to the government’s determination that the compelled disclosure of “factual and uncontroversial information” is justified. Since Zauderer was decided, lower courts have disagreed about the meaning of “uncontroversial.” A recent Supreme Court case, National Institute of Family & Life Advocates v. Becerra (NIFLA), may have resolved the debate by treating “uncontroversial” as a requirement that a disclosure not relate to a controversial subject matter. In doing so, the Court diverged from two interpretations commonly adopted by lower courts: that “uncontroversial” refers to the factual accuracy of the disclosed information or to the underlying ideology. This Note illustrates the public health implications of these various interpretations in the context of an ongoing international debate over the benefits of breastfeeding and mandatory disclosures with respect to infant formula. It argues that the Court’s position in NIFLA poses a significant obstacle to government efforts to protect public health and ignores Zauderer’s firm grounding in listeners’ informational interests. Factual accuracy more appropriately limits Zauderer’s scope. Heightened scrutiny should only apply if the government compels a commercial speaker to convey opinion. While concerns about the overuse of warnings for remote or unsubstantiated risks are well-founded, this issue may be addressed by evaluating whether a particular disclosure fails Zauderer review as “unjustified or unduly burdensome.” This framework for compelled disclosures is more strongly supported by the text of Zauderer itself, and it would grant proper deference to a legislature’s policy determination that potential health risks justify a disclosure