Adsorption of 3-chloroaniline on potato skin in aqueous solution

The adsorption behaviour of aromatic amine 3-chloroaniline (3-CA) from aqueous solution on fresh potato skin was investigated. A series of batch experiments were conducted under different experimental conditions of contact time, 3-chloroaniline concentration, weight of potato skin, pH, temperature, and ionic strength using RP-HPLC analysis. Adsorption equilibrium of 3-chloroaniline at concentration of 10 µg/mL on 1 g weight of chopped potato skin was achieved in 24 hours. Using different varieties of potato skin showed that the adsorption of 3-CA on Nicola variety is higher compared to Sante and Maris Peer varieties. Adsorption on potato skin was found to be generally higher compared to cortex and pith tissues. Analysis of adsorption isotherm shows that equilibrium data was fitted to Freundlich model (R² = 0.977). Maximum adsorption capacities of 3-chloroaniline were found in the pH range from 3 to 9, whereas low adsorption quantities were found in high acidic and high basic solutions (pH 2 and pH 13, resp.). Adsorption capacity increased with an increase in temperature from 4°C to 30°C but decreased with further increase of temperature to 40°C. Testing the ionic strength showed that increasing the concentration of electrolyte reduces the adsorption efficiency. This study indicated that the fresh potato skin (without any treatment) is possible to use as a new adsorbent for removal of 3-chloroaniline from industrial waste water

The significance of organic carbon and nutrient export from peatland-dominated landscapes subject to disturbance, a stoichiometric perspective

The terrestrial-aquatic interface is a crucial environment in which to consider the fate of exported terrestrial carbon in the aquatic system. Here the fate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) may be controlled by nutrient availability. However, peat-dominated headwater catchments are normally of low nutrient status and thus there is little data on how DOC and nutrient export co-varies. We present nutrient and DOC data for two UK catchments dominated by peat headwaters. One, Whitelee, is undergoing development for Europe's largest windfarm. Glen Dye by comparison is relatively undisturbed. At both sites there are significant linear relationships between DOC and soluble reactive phosphorus and nitrate concentrations in the drainage waters. However, inter-catchment differences exist. Changes in the pattern of nutrient and carbon export at Whitelee reveal that landscape disturbance associated with windfarm development impacts the receiving waters, and that nutrient export does not increase in a stoichiometric manner that will promote increase in microbial biomass but rather supports aquatic respiration. In turn greater CO2 efflux may prevail. Hence disturbance of terrestrial carbon stores may impact the both the aquatic and gaseous carbon cycle. We suggest estimates of aquatic carbon export should inform the decision-making process prior to development in ecosystems and catchments with high terrestrial carbon storage

Study of real estate development returns

Thesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, Center for Real Estate, 2008.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 69).This paper introduces three new tools for the analysis and replication of real estate development returns. In particular, this paper discusses advanced sensitivity analysis, real estate development return indexes and synthetic real estate development investments. The advanced sensitivity analysis allows us to produce subjective ex ante return distributions. This analysis will allow developers and investors to "see" the shape of their investments return distribution. The benefits of knowing the shape of the subjective ex ante return distributions is that it may help developers and investors make better decisions and negotiate specific terms with each contributor in the capital structure. The ex post analysis allows us to produce development return indexes useful in the benchmarking of real estate development performance and in the creation of synthetic development investments by way of the new real estate derivatives. The development return indexes are created by transforming MIT's Transaction Based Index (TBI), which tracks stabilized property returns, into development return indexes through the use of a stylized mathematical model.by Matthew S. Flowers.S.M.in Real Estate Developmen

Self Portrait: You and I.

M.F.A. Thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2018

Food Pedagogies: Histories, Definitions and Moralities

Chapter on

Natural history of the tortoise beetle, \u3ci\u3eDiscomorpha (Discomorpha) biplagiata\u3c/i\u3e (Guérin) (Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Omocerini)

The first natural history account of Discomorpha (Discomorpha) biplagiata (Guérin) (Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Omocerini) from Ecuador is presented. Larvae and adults feed on the leaves and stems of Cordia hebeclada Johnst. (Boraginaceae), the first documented host plant for the species. Oviposition and pupation also occur on this host. Young larvae suffered heavy predation, especially from Ectatomma sp. (Formicidae: Ponerinae) and Oplomus nr. marginalis (Pentatomidae: Asopinae). Se presenta la primera cuenta de la historia natural para Discomorpha (Discomorpha) biplagiata (Guérin) de Ecuador. Las larvas y los adultos se alimentan de las hojas y tallos de Cordia hebeclada Johnst. (Boraginaceae), su primera planta hospedera documentada. La oviposición y la pupación también ocurren en este huésped. Las larvas jóvenes sufren depredación grave por Ectatomma sp. (Formicidae: Ponerinae) y Oplomus nr. marginalis (Pentatomidae: Asopinae)

First Record of Ceratapsis monstrosa, a Larval Oceanic Penaeoid Crustacean, From the Gulf of Mexico

The genus Cerataspis (Gray, 1838) (Crustacea, Decapoda), assigned to the Penaeoidea by Burkenroad (1936) and Heegaard (1966), has circumglobal distribution between 40ºN and 40ºS (Morgan et al. 1985) and is represented in the Atlantic Ocean by two rarely collected species, C. monstrosa and C. petiti. Descriptions of both species are based on the larval forms since their adult form remain undescribed (Morgan et al. 1985). Although the larval development of Cerataspis is described by five mysis stages (I-V) (Heegaard 1966), the large larva is very un-mysid like and appears more like that of a megalops with the abdomen bend slightly toward the thorax. Other early developmental stages and life history aspects of Cerataspis are unknown. The bulky shape of the spectacular carapace with its various tubercles, horns, spines and large oil droplets contained in four pair of dorsal carapace tubercles most likely provide buoyancy for this pelagic life stage (Heegaard 1966, Morgan et al. 1985). Although larval Cerataspis, particularly the last three mysis stages, are typically pelagic, Heegaard (1966) suggested the adult form might be a reptant penaeoid which lives in the abyssal zone. Heegaard (1966) reported 41 specimens of Cerataspis (26 C. monstrosa; 15 C. petiti) by mysis larval stage. Nine of the C. monstrosa (six from plankton samples; three from stomach contents of dolphinfish (Coryphaena spp.) and 13 of the C. petiti (all from plankton collections) were reported from the Atlantic Ocean. Morgan et al. (1985) further provided analysis of an additional 240 specimens of Cerataspis collected during surveys conducted off the southeastern United States, including Batts (1972), Manooch et al. (1983), and Manooch and Mason (1984). One of those specimens was collected by plankton net, and all others were found in the stomach contents of either yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), blackfin tuna (Thunnus atlanticus), skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) or dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus). To date, assessment of plankton collections and food habits of pelagic fishes from the Atlantic Ocean, inclusive of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) (Heegaard 1966, Morgan et al. 1985), has provided no records of Cerataspis from the GOM. We report the first record of C. monstrosa from the GOM, one collected by plankton net and two collected from the esophagus of a wahoo, Acanthocybium solandri