898 research outputs found
Administrative LawâWorkmenâs Compensationâ Accidental Injury as a Question of Fact
Broderick v. Liebmann Breweries, 277 App. Div. 422, 100 N. Y. S. 837 (3d Dept. 1950
WillsâTotten TrustsâDistribution of Balance of Deposit After Invasion by Widow
Application of Halpern, 277 App. Div. 525, 100 N. Y. S. 2d 894 (1st Dep\u27t 1950)
Metastatic recurrence in a pancreatic cancer patient derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model is inhibited by neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with fluorescence-guided surgery with an anti-CA 19-9-conjugated fluorophore.
The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with gemcitabine (GEM) in combination with fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) on a pancreatic cancer patient derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model. A PDOX model was established from a CA19-9-positive, CEA-negative tumor from a patient who had undergone a pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Mice were randomized to 4 groups: bright light surgery (BLS) only; BLS+NAC; FGS only; and FGS+NAC. An anti-CA19-9 or anti-CEA antibody conjugated to DyLight 650 was administered intravenously via the tail vein of mice with the pancreatic cancer PDOX 24 hours before surgery. The PDOX was brightly labeled with fluorophore-conjugated anti-CA19-9, but not with a fluorophore-conjugated anti-CEA antibody. FGS was performed using the fluorophore-conjugated anti-CA19-9 antibody. FGS had no benefit over BLS to prevent metastatic recurrence. NAC in combination with BLS did not convey an advantage over BLS to prevent metastatic recurrence. However, FGS+NAC significantly reduced the metastatic recurrence frequency to one of 8 mice, compared to FGS only after which metastasis recurred in 6 out of 8 mice, and BLS+NAC with metastatic recurrence in 7 out of 8 mice (pâ=â0.041). Thus NAC in combination with FGS can reduce or even eliminate metastatic recurrence of pancreatic cancer sensitive to NAC. The present study further emphasizes the power of the PDOX model which enables metastasis to occur and thereby identify the efficacy of NAC in combination with FGS on metastatic recurrence
Reliability of gastrointestinal barrier integrity and microbial translocation biomarkers at rest and following exertional heat stress
Purpose:Exertional heat stress adversely distrupts (GI) barrier integrity and, through subsequent microbial translocation (MT), negativly impacts health. Despite widespread application, the temporal reliability of popular GI barrier integity and MT biomarkers is poorly characterised.
Method: Fourteen males completed two 80âmin exertional heat stress tests (EHST) separated by 7â14 days. Venous blood was drawn pre, immediatelyâ and 1âhr post both EHSTs. GI barrier integrity was assessed using the serum DualâSugar Absorption Test (DSAT), Intestinal FattyâAcidâBinding Protein (IâFABP) and Claudinâ3 (CLDNâ3). MT was assessed using plasma Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein (LBP), total 16S bacterial DNA and Bacteroides DNA.
Results: No GI barrier integrity or MT biomarker, except absolute Bacteroides DNA, displayed systematic trial order bias (p â„ .05). IâFABP (trial 1 = Î 0.834 ± 0.445 ng mlâ1; trial 2 = Î 0.776 ± 0.489 ng mlâ1) and CLDNâ3 (trial 1 = Î 0.317 ± 0.586 ng mlâ1; trial 2 = Î 0.371 ± 0.508 ng mlâ1) were increased postâEHST (p †.01). All MT biomarkers were unchanged postâEHST. Coefficient of variation and typical error of measurement postâEHST were: 11.5% and 0.004 (ratio) for the DSAT 90âmin postprobe ingestion; 12.2% and 0.004 (ratio) at 150âmin postprobe ingestion; 12.1% and 0.376 ng mlâ1 for IâFABP; 4.9% and 0.342 ng mlâ1 for CLDNâ3; 9.2% and 0.420 ”g mlâ1 for LBP; 9.5% and 0.15 pg ”lâ1 for total 16S DNA; and 54.7% and 0.032 for Bacteroides/total 16S DNA ratio.
Conclusion: Each GI barrier integrity and MT translocation biomarker, except Bacteroides/total 16S ratio, had acceptable reliability at rest and postexertional heat stress
Chemical imaging by dissolution analysis (CIDA): Localized kinetics of dissolution behavior to provide 2D chemical mapping and tomographic imaging on a nanoscale
A new approach to achieving chemical mapping on a nanoscale is described that can provide 2D and tomographic images of surface and near-surface structure. The method comprises dissolving material from the surface of the sample by applying a series of aliquots of solvent then analyzing their contents after removing them, in between exposures the surface is imaged with atomic force microscopy. This technique relies on being able to compensate for any drift between images by use of software. It was applied to a blend of two polymers, PMMA and PS. The analytical data identified the material that was dissolved and the topography images enabled the location of the various materials to be determined by analyzing local dis-solution kinetics. The prospects for generalizing the approach are discussed
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