1,271 research outputs found

    Pathways to interleukin-6 in healthy males and serious leisure male athletes: physical activity, body composition and age.

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    Physical activity (PA) is beneficial to overall health, in part due to physiological changes that lower risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including reduced inflammation. However, the mechanism by which PA reduces inflammation is unclear. One possible pathway is that PA improves body composition which in turn reduces inflammation. To test this hypothesis, we used structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess PA-body composition -inflammation pathways, as well as influences of age. In a sample of 72 healthy males with a range of PA profiles (age 18-65, mean ± sd = ), we measured PA as metabolic equivalent tasks (as per the International PA Questionnaire), body composition as percent body fat, lean mass, and fat mass, and inflammation as plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6). We treated body composition in the SEM analysis as a latent variable indicated by the three measures. We performed statistical corrections for missing values and one outlier. The model demonstrated significant effects of PA on IL-6 both directly and through body composition. Percent body fat, fat mass, and lean mass were significant indicators of the body composition latent variable. Additionally, age showed an indirect effect on IL-6 through body composition, but no direct effect. The findings suggest that PA does improve inflammatory profile through improving body composition, but that other pathways also exist

    The impact of reciprocal teaching strategies on reading comprehension

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    The purpose of Reciprocal Teaching is to improve reading comprehension through the use of cognitive strategies. The strategies encourage student\u27s self-directed prediction, clarification of information, generation of questions about the content, and summarization of material covered. It also promotes collaboration between the student and teacher in the learning process. Reciprocal Teaching was introduced to teachers at a staff meeting, and they were told they were expected to use these strategies in their classrooms. Teachers were given two choices for training. One was a two-day workshop in August and the other was a thirty-four hour program offered throughout the school year. The goal was to train all teachers at Central Middle School in the Reciprocal Teaching strategies

    Russia\u27s New Military Doctrine

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    The essence of the new doctrine lies in current Russian views on the nature and requirements of future war

    Marshal Ogarkov on the Modern Theater Operation

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    Since his appointment as Chief of the General Staff in 1977, Marshal N. V. Ogarkov has perhaps emerged as the most controversial of prominent Soviet military figures

    Four units in high-school English

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    Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston University, 1936. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

    The Soviet Military and the New Technological Operation in the Gulf

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    In the Persian Gulf War, the Soviet military has seen the future-and it works. According to representatives of the General Staff Academy, the Gulf War was a technological operation and therefore a prototype of future war

    Achieving dynamic road traffic management by distributed risk estimation in vehicular networks

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    In this thesis I develop a model for a dynamic and fine-grained approach to traffic management based around the concept of a risk limit: an acceptable or allowable level of accident risk which vehicles must not exceed. Using a vehicular network to exchange risk data, vehicles calculate their current level of accident risk and determine their behaviour in a distributed fashion in order to meet this limit. I conduct experimental investigations to determine the effectiveness of this model, showing that it is possible to achieve gains in road system utility in terms of average vehicle speed and overall throughput whilst maintaining the accident rate. I also extend this model to include risk-aware link choice and social link choice, in which vehicles make routing decisions based on both their own utility and the utility of following vehicles. I develop a coupled risk estimation algorithm in which vehicles use not only their own risk calculations but also estimates received from neighbouring vehicles in order to arrive at a final risk value. I then analyse the performance of this algorithm in terms of its convergence rate and bandwidth usage and examine how to manage the particular characteristics of a vehicular ad-hoc network, such as its dynamic topology and high node mobility. I then implement a variable-rate beaconing scheme to provide a trade-off between risk estimate error and network resource usage
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