34 research outputs found
Collective bargaining and compulsory arbitration : the American and Australian experience and their impact on management rights.
The opportunity for the present study was afforded when the
writer was fortunate enough to be the recipient of an Australian-
American Educational Foundation Grant to study the industrial arbitration
system of Australia for a period of one year, commencing in August 1966.
Attempts at comparative investigations and analyses of the
American and Australian industrial relations systems have been
successfully undertaken over recent years. Academics and practitioners
from both countries have sought to study problems both of a general
survey nature and of particular institutions and practices within each
system. Having the benefit of their past studies and findings the
present writer became aware of the scope of the problems yet to be
explored. Starting from the assumption that one of the criteria for
the successful functioning of any industrial relations system is the
creation of delegation to and acceptance by the parties of functional
responsibilities within the system, it was decided to study thoroughly
one meaningful segment in the totality; namely, the impact of our
respective systems on the concept of "management rights". In so doing,
a careful examination of the legal, political and socio-economic
institutions could be undertaken, thereby making possible an analysis
of not only the general over-all structure of a system, but also the
day-to-day operations which form the integral components.
Having thus decided on the nature and scope of the research
project, it was necessary to decide on the mode of presentation. It
seemed that the detailed organization and structuring required by a
university for the submission of a thesis would be the most systematic
and academic way of regimenting this study.
The carrying out of the field work in Australia provided
both advantages and difficulties. Operating from the Sydney University
Law School, full entrée was given to libraries, both public and private. Extensive interviews, both formal and informal, with representatives
from trade unions, employer organizations and Government departments,
and with members of the industrial tribunals, provided the writer
with innumerable opportunities to clarify thinking and to gain valuable
material for this study. On numerous occasions it was possible to sit
in or and observe, first-hand, industrial conferences and dispute settlements.
All of this practical experience, along with extensive readings
of cases, agreements and awards, afforded substantial addition to the
otherwise available source materials.
Two problems which the writer encountered presented themselves
regularly. First was the ever-present time factor. With the industrial
climate being in a constant state of agitation and problems suddenly
arising, one had to be aware of geographic restrictions and the
accessibility of the relevant parties, and therefore the question of
how much time and depth to devote to the various situations was
constantly present. Secondly, having been schooled in the American
collective bargaining system, it was necessary to adopt an objective
attitude to many factors and situations, and detach subjective values
when looking at the Australian system. I am indeed grateful to the
numerous people who constantly served to remind me of this, and trust
that this detachment, where appropriate, is duly reflected.
The writer has elected to impose the cutoff date of August
1967, the date of the expiration of his grant, for the materials used
in the development of this project. Finally, as this study is directed
to both an American and an Australian audience, the writer, assuming
that each audience may be relatively unfamiliar with the other's
industrial relations system, has goen into greater detail in the
introductory background and institutional framework chanters than
would ordinarily have been warranted. It is in the hope of engendering
better understanding and ease of comparison that this approach has been
used. Space prohibits my thanking individually all of those who
provided the necessary guidance and information that aided me in
structuring the body of this project. I would extend special thanks
to Professor D. C. Thomson of the Sydney University Law School who
so kindly served as my supervisor during my stay in Australia, and
to Dr. R. A. Bauman of the University of Sydney who provided the
initial inspiration which resulted in this thesis being undertaken.
However, any failing, explicit or implicit, in the pages that follow
lie solely with the writer
An Automated Approach to Improve Communication-Computation Overlap in Clusters. Senior Thesis
Applications that execute on parallel clusters face scalability concerns due to the high communication overhead that is usually associated with such environments. Modern network technologies that support Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) can offer true zero copy communication and reduce communication overhead by overlapping it with computation. For this approach to be effective the parallel application using the cluster must be structured in a way that enables communication computation overlapping. Unfortunately, the trade-off between maintainability and performance often leads to a structure that prevents exploiting the potential for communication computation overlapping. This paper describes a sourceto-source optimizing transformation that can be performed by an automatic (or semi-automatic) system in order to restructure MPI codes towards maximizing communication-computation overlapping.
Implementation and Performance Analysis of SkelGIS for Network Mesh-Based Simulations
International audienceThe implicit parallelism is an active domain of computer- science to hide intricate details of parallelization from the end-user. Some solutions are specific to a precise domain while others are more generic, however, the purpose is always to find the adapted level of abstraction to ease the high performance and parallel programming. We present Skel- GIS, a header-only implicit parallelism C++ library to solve mesh-based scientific simulations. In this paper is detailed the implementation of SkelGIS for the specific case of network simulations, where the space domain can be represented as a directed acyclic graph (DAG). This im- plementation is based on a modified, optimized and parallelized version of the Compressed Sparse Row format, which is completely described in this paper. Finally, experiments on different kinds of clusters and differ- ent sizes of DAGs are evaluated