A Journey into the City. Migrant Workers' Relation with the Urban Space and Struggle for Existence in Xu Zechen's Early Jingpiao Fiction

In contemporary China, rural-urban migrants constitute a new urban subject with entirely new identity-related issues. This study aims at demonstrating how literature can be a valid field in investigating such evolving subjectivities, through an analysis of Xu Zechen’s early novellas depicting migrants’ vicissitudes in Beijing. Combining a close reading of the texts and a review of the main social problems characterising rural-urban migration in China, this paper focuses on the representation of the identity crisis within the migrant self in Xu’s stories, taking into account the network of meanings employed by the writer to signify the objective and subjective tension between the city and the countryside

Amorfrutins Relieve Neuropathic Pain through the PPARγ/CCL2 Axis in CCI Rats

Neuropathic pain is a public health problem. Although many pharmaceuticals are used to treat neuropathic pain, effective and safe drugs do not yet exist. In this study, we tested nociceptive responses in CCI rats, and ELISA assay was performed to examine the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. We found that amorfrutins significantly reduce the pain behaviors in CCI rats and suppress the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β) and chemokines (CCL2/CCR2) in the spinal cord. However, concurrent administration of a PPARγ antagonist, GW9662, reversed the antihyperalgesic effect induced by amorfrutins. The results indicate that amorfrutins inhibit the inflammation and chemokine expression by activating PPARγ, thus relieving neuropathic pain in CCI rats. Therefore, PPARγ-CCL2/CCR2 pathway might represent a new treatment option for neuropathic pain

Interface Engineering of BCP Buffer Layers in Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells With NiOx Hole Transporting Layers

Bathocuproine (BCP) was first employed as the interface buffer layers between the PCBM and Ag layers to improve the performance of Cs0.08(MA0.17FA0.83)0.92Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 perovskite solar cells based on NiOx hole transporting layers. The effect of different evaporation times on the performance of solar cells at the same evaporation temperature (100°C) was carefully investigated. The optimum device efficiency of 14.47% was obtained by evaporating BCP for 36 s, suggesting an enhancement of 14% as compared to the cell without BCP modification

Improved Interfacial Contact for Pyramidal Texturing of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

Reducing the surface reflectivity of silicon substrates is essential for preparing high-performance Si-based solar cells. We synthesized pyramid-nanowire-structured Si (Si-PNWs) anti-reflection substrates, which have excellent light-trapping ability (<4% reflectance). Furthermore, diethyl phthalate (DEP), a water-insoluble phthalic acid ester, was applied to optimize the Si-PNWs/PEDOT:PSS interface; the photoelectric conversion efficiency of heterojunction solar cells was shown to increase from 9.82% to 13.48%. We performed a detailed examination of the shape and optical characteristics of Si-PNWs, as well as associated photoelectric performance tests, to investigate the origin of performance improvements in Si-PNWs/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells (HSCs)

Data analysis between controllable variables and the performance of CuS crackle based electrode

In this article, we provide the data analysis between controllable variables and the performance of CuS crackle based electrode, there are four important factors which could influence the formation of cracks, the colloid concentration, drying temperature, colloid dosage and ambient humidity. We carried out and summed nineteen controlled data experiments below and other variates which could affect the performance were discussed in this article

A Novel Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Based on Pt Networks Counter Electrode

柔性染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSCs）作为一种新型的化学太阳能电池，因其精简的封装工艺、较低廉的价格、高的化学稳定性以及可弯折等优点而备受关注. 本文介绍了一种新型的柔性DSSC的制备，其光阳极为高度有序的氧化锌（ZnO）纳米线阵列，对电极为柔性、导电、透明的网状铂(Pt networks)电极. 相对于传统的铂对电极而言，这种Pt networks对电极不仅具有优异的导电能力，还展现了极好的透光性（方阻~ 100 Ω•sq-1，~80%透光率）和催化性能，此外，Pt networks电极可构筑于任意弯曲的衬底，具有优异的机械耐弯折性能. 在ZnO纳米线阵列的DSSCs的应用中，基于Pt networks膜的柔性DSSC的转化效率比铂纳米丝阵列 (Pt nanofiber arrays, Pt NFs）膜高出了32%.Flexible dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have received widespread attentions in recent years because of their ease of fabrication, low production cost, relatively high chemical stability and flexibility. We report the fabrication of ZnO DSSCs based on the highly flexible, conducting, catalytic and transparent Pt networks counter electrode, and the performance of this solar cell was characterized by SEM, XRD, polarized fluorescence microscope, motor, I-V test station and electrochemical workstation. Compared to Pt nanofiber arrays (NFs), Pt networks not only show a better conductivity, but also exhibit superior transparency and catalytic activity. Furthermore, Pt networks electrode could be constructed on arbitrary flexible substrates. The fabricated flexible ZnO DSSC based on Pt networks counter electrode achieved 1.33% photoelectric conversion efficiency, which is 32% higher than that based on Pt NFs.国家自然科学基金项目（51502253）、中央高校基本科研业务费（20720150030）及高等学校学科创新引智计划（“111 计划”，B16029）资助作者联系地址：1. 生物仿生与软物质研究院，福建省柔性功能材料重点实验室，物理系，物理科学与技术学院，厦门大学，厦门361005；2. 固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，化学系，化学化工学院，厦门大学，厦门361005Author's Address: Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005; 2. State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005通讯作者E-mail：wxguo@xmu. edu. c

Fabrications of three copper sulfide counter electrodes and their influences on photovoltaic properties in QDSSCs

近几年，量子点敏化太阳能电池因其具有低成本、易合成、高的光电转换效率等优点而广受关注. 半导体金属硫化物具有良好的物理和化学性质，被广泛应用于各个领域，其中，铜硫化物凭借其优异的电化学催化活性，而成为量子点敏化太阳能电池良好的对电极材料. 本文通过3种不同的方法在FTO表面生长CuS纳米阵列（依次记为CuS-1、CuS-2、CuS-3），并对样品进行晶相表征、表面形貌分析、电化学性能测试以及相应量子点敏化太阳能电池器件组装，最终发现CuS-3样品具有最优的光电性能.Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) have attracted intensive attention in scientific and industrial fields due to their high molar extinction coefficient, spectral tunability by particle size, ease of fabrication, and low cost. In the past years, semiconductor metal sulfides have attracted extensive attention because of their attractive physical and chemical properties for potential applications in many fields，such as PbS, CuS, CoS and CdS. In particular, copper sulfides have become a promising candidate for counter electrode materials in QDSSCs for their outstanding electrochemical and catalytic properties. In order to explore more stable and efficient copper sulfide counter electrode materials, in this work, we used three different methods to synthesize copper sulfide nanosheet arrays (marked as CuS-1, CuS-2, CuS-3), which were then characterized by XRD, SEM and electrochemical workstation. XRD patterns showed that all the three samples were copper sulfide (Cu:S = 1:1). And SEM images revealed that the fabrication methods of CuS significantly affected their morphologies. . The obtained CuS-1, CuS-2 and CuS-3 nanosheet arrays exhibited enhanced PCEs up to 2.92%，2.58% and 3.27%, respectively, when used as CEs in QDSSCs, implying increases of 87%，65% and 109% as compared to Pt-based QDSSCs, respectively. Through all the characterizations, we found that the CuS-3 showed the best catalytic activity in the reduction of polysulfide electrolyte among the three samples.国家自然科学基金（Nos.21503177），中央高校基本科研业务费（NO.20720150031）、高等学校学科创新引智计划（“111 计划”，B16029）资助作者联系地址：1. 生物仿生与软物质研究院，福建省柔性功能材料重点实验室，物理系，物理科学与技术学院，厦门大学，厦门361005；2. 固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，化学系，化学化工学院，厦门大学，厦门361005；3. 纤维材料改性国家重点实验室，材料科学与工程学院，东华大学，上海201620Author's Address: 1. Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005; 2. State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005; 3. The State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China.通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]