Taidemuseo Porvooseen

Tiivistelmä. Suunnitelmapainotteisen diplomityöni aiheena on Taidemuseo Porvoon joen länsirannalle. Työn tavoitteena on löytää uudelle museolle sijainti Länsirannalta ja luoda valitulle tontille viitesuunnitelma uudesta museorakennuksesta. Diplomityö on toteutettu toimeksiantona Porvoon kaupungille ja se toimii kaavoituksen taustatekijänä. Porvoon kaupungin toiveissa on saada uusi taidemuseo Porvooseen vuonna 2025. Länsirannan alue on kaavassa osoitettu monipoliseen kulttuuri-, liike-, virkistys- ja vapaa-ajan käyttöön. Alue kuuluu Porvoon kansalliseen kaupunkipuistoon ja Länsirannan taideohjelman alueeseen. Rakennus on uudenlainen ihmisen ja ympäristön vuoropuhelua synnyttävä näyttelykeskus, joka perustuu klassisen- ja nykytaiteen, kansallisen kaupunkipuiston kulttuuriympäristöjen, aineettoman kulttuuriperinnön sekä luonnon — erityisesti joki- ja meriluonnon — vuoropuheluun. Pääpaino museossa on taidenäyttelyissä. Museo luo uudenlaista sykettä, joka vaikuttaa ihmisten mielikuviin Porvoosta kansallisesti sekä kansainvälisesti. Rakennus parantaa alueen toiminnallisuutta, aktivoi ympäristöä ja toimii alueen uutena maamerkkinä sekä lähtöporttina saaristoon. Diplomityöni koostuu viidestä osasta: Johdanto, Sijainti, Tontin valinta, Prosessi ja Suunnitelma. Sijaintiosio käsittelee suunnittelutehtävän sijaintia ja taustoja. Tontin valinta osio käsittelee Porvoon kaupungin osoittamaa kahta tonttivaihtoehtoa. Prosessi osio koostuu lähtötietojen analyysistä ja konseptivaihtoehdoista. Suunnitelma osio esittelee suunnitteluratkaisun, jossa aiemmat havainnot kytkeytyvät paikkaan sopivaksi ja alueen historiaa kunnioittavaksi museorakennukseksi. Diplomityöni ohjaajana Oulun yliopiston puolesta on toiminut Matti Sanaksenaho. Porvoon kaupungin puolesta yhteyshenkilöinä ovat toimineet kaupunkisuunnittelupäällikkö Dan Mollgren sekä kaupunginarkkitehti Markku Partanen.Art museum in the City of Porvoo. Abstract. The subject of my plan-focused diploma thesis is the design of a new Art Museum on the West side of the Porvoo river. The aim of the work is to find a location for the new museum on the West side of the Porvoo river and to create a reference plan for the selected site for the new museum building. The thesis was commissioned by the City of Porvoo and serves as a background factor for the town planning of Porvoo. The City of Porvoo aims to have a new art museum in Porvoo in 2025. The West side river area is assigned in the town planning to a diverse range of cultural, business, recreational and leisure uses. The area belongs to the Porvoo National City Park and the West side river area’s Art Program Area. The building is a new kind of exhibition center that creates a dialogue between man and the environment, which is based on a dialogue between classical and contemporary art, the cultural environments of the national urban park, the intangible cultural heritage and nature, especially river and marine nature. The main emphasis in the museum is on art exhibitions. The museum creates a new kind of heartbeat that affects people’s perceptions of Porvoo nationally and internationally. The building will improve the area’s functionality, activate the environment and serve as the area’s new landmark and gateway to the archipelago. My diploma thesis consists of five parts: Introduction, Location, Site Selection, Process and Plan. The location section deals with the location and background of the design task. The site selection section deals with the two site options indicated by the City of Porvoo. The process section consists of input data analysis and concept options. The plan section presents a design solution in which previous findings are combined into a museum building that is appropriate to the location and respects the history of the city. Matti Sanaksenaho has acted as the supervisor of my diploma thesis on behalf of the University of Oulu. Dan Mollgren, City Planning Manager, and Markku Partanen, City Architect, have acted as collaborators on behalf of the City of Porvoo

Plant genetic resources for agriculture, plant breeding, and biotechnology: Experiences from Cameroon, Kenya, the Philippines, and Venezuela

"Local farming communities throughout the world face binding productivity constraints, diverse nutritional needs, environmental concerns, and significant economic and financial pressures. Developing countries address these challenges in different ways, including public and private sector investments in plant breeding and other modern tools for genetic crop improvement. In order to measure the impact of any technology and prioritize investments, we must assess the relevant resources, human capacity, clusters, networks and linkages, as well as the institutions performing technological research and development, and the rate of farmer adoption. However, such measures have not been recently assessed, in part due to the lack of complete standardized information on public plant breeding and biotechnology research in developing countries. To tackle this void, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in consultation with the International Food Policy Institute (IFPRI) and other organizations, designed a plant breeding and biotechnology capacity survey for implementation by FAO consultants in 100 developing countries. IFPRI, in collaboration with FAO and national experts contracted by FAO to complete in-country surveys, identified and analyzed plant breeding and biotechnology programs in four developing countries: Cameroon, Kenya, the Philippines, and Venezuela. Here, we use an innovation systems framework to examine the investments in human and financial resources and the distribution of resources among the different programs, as well as the capacity and policy development for agricultural research in the four selected countries. Based on our findings, we present recommendations to help sustain and increase the efficiency of publicly- and privately-funded plant breeding programs, while maximizing the use of genetic resources and developing opportunities for GM crop production. Policy makers, private sector breeders, and other stakeholders can use this information to prioritize investments, consider product advancement, and assess the relative magnitude of the potential risks and benefits of their investments." from Author's Abstractplant breeding, biotechnology, public research, Funding, Innovation systems, Capacity building, Biosafety,

Nonminimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with Baryon and Lepton Number Violation

We carry out a comprehensive analysis of the nonminimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) with baryon and lepton number violation. We catalogue the baryon and lepton number violating dimension four and five operators of the model. We then study the renormalization group evolution and infrared stable fixed points of the Yukawa couplings and the soft supersymmetry breaking trilinear couplings of this model with baryon and lepton number (and R-parity) violation involving the heaviest generations. We show analytically that in the Yukawa sector of the NMSSM there is only one infrared stable fixed point. This corresponds to a non-trivial fixed point for the top-, bottom-quark Yukawa couplings and the $B$ violating coupling $\lambda_{233}''$, and a trivial one for all other couplings. All other possible fixed points are either unphysical or unstable in the infrared region. We also carry out an analysis of the renormalization group equations for the soft supersymmetry breaking trilinear couplings, and determine the corresponding fixed points for these couplings. We then study the quasi-fixed point behaviour, both of the third generation Yukawa couplings and the baryon number violating coupling, and those of the soft supersymmetry breaking trilinear couplings. From the analysis of the fixed point behaviour, we obtain upper and lower bounds on the baryon number violating coupling $\lambda_{233}''$, as well as on the soft supersymmetry breaking trilinear couplings. Our analysis shows that the infrared fixed point behavior of NMSSM with baryon and lepton number violation is similar to that of MSSM.Comment: 35 pages, Revtex, 6 eps fig

Remarks on Screening in a Gauge-Invariant Formalism

In this paper we display a direct and physically attractive derivation of the screening contribution to the interaction potential in the Chiral Schwinger model and generalized Maxwell-Chern-Simons gauge theory. It is shown that these results emerge naturally when a correct separation between gauge-invariant and gauge degrees of freedom is made. Explicit expressions for gauge-invariant fields are found.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, to appear in PR

Role of Vascular Reactive Oxygen Species in Regulating Cytochrome P450-4A Enzyme Expression in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats

Objective The potential contribution of CYP4A enzymes to endothelial dysfunction in Dahl salt-sensitive rats was determined by comparison to SS-5BN consomic rats having chromosome 5 carrying CYP4A alleles from the BN rat introgressed into the SS genetic background. Methods The following experiments were performed in cerebral arteries from HS-fed SS and SS-5BN rats ± the SOD inhibitor DETC and/or the superoxide scavenger Tempol: (i) endothelial function was determined via video microscopy ± acute addition of the CYP4A inhibitor DDMS or Tempol; (ii) vascular oxidative stress was assessed with DHE fluorescence ± acute addition of DDMS, l-NAME, or PEG-SOD; and (iii) CYP4A protein levels were compared by western blotting. Results In DETC-treated SS-5BN and HS-fed SS rats, (i) DDMS or Tempol ameliorated vascular dysfunction, (ii) DDMS reduced vascular oxidative stress to control levels, (iii) chronic Tempol treatment reduced vascular CYP4A protein expression, and (iv) combined treatment with Tempol and l-NAME prevented the reduction in CYP4A protein expression in MCA of HS-fed SS rats. Conclusion The CYP4A pathway plays a role in vascular dysfunction in SS rats and there appears to be a direct role of reduced NO availability due to salt-induced oxidant stress in upregulating CYP4A enzyme expression

Top-Down Approach to Unified Supergravity Models

We introduce a new approach for studying unified supergravity models. In this approach all the parameters of the grand unified theory (GUT) are fixed by imposing the corresponding number of low energy observables. This determines the remaining particle spectrum whose dependence on the low energy observables can now be investigated. We also include some SUSY threshold corrections that have previously been neglected. In particular the SUSY threshold corrections to the fermion masses can have a significant impact on the Yukawa coupling unification.Comment: 19 pages, uuencoded compressed ps file, DESY 94-057 (paper format corrected

Untersuchungen über die Ausscheidung des durch infusion in das Blut gebrachten phosphorsauren Natrons durch die Nieren

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The Electron-Phonon Interaction in the Presence of Strong Correlations

We investigate the effect of strong electron-electron repulsion on the electron-phonon interaction from a Fermi-liquid point of view: the strong interaction is responsible for vertex corrections, which are strongly dependent on the $v_Fq/\omega$ ratio. These corrections generically lead to a strong suppression of the effective coupling between quasiparticles mediated by a single phonon exchange in the $v_Fq/\omega \gg 1$ limit. However, such effect is not present when $v_Fq/\omega \ll 1$. Analyzing the Landau stability criterion, we show that a sizable electron-phonon interaction can push the system towards a phase-separation instability. A detailed analysis is then carried out using a slave-boson approach for the infinite-U three-band Hubbard model. In the presence of a coupling between the local hole density and a dispersionless optical phonon, we explicitly confirm the strong dependence of the hole-phonon coupling on the transferred momentum versus frequency ratio. We also find that the exchange of phonons leads to an unstable phase with negative compressibility already at small values of the bare hole-phonon coupling. Close to the unstable region, we detect Cooper instabilities both in s- and d-wave channels supporting a possible connection between phase separation and superconductivity in strongly correlated systems.Comment: LateX 3.14, 04.11.1994 Preprint no.101

Trajectory Optimization: OTIS 4

The latest release of the Optimal Trajectories by Implicit Simulation (OTIS4) allows users to simulate and optimize aerospace vehicle trajectories. With OTIS4, one can seamlessly generate optimal trajectories and parametric vehicle designs simultaneously. New features also allow OTIS4 to solve non-aerospace continuous time optimal control problems. The inputs and outputs of OTIS4 have been updated extensively from previous versions. Inputs now make use of objectoriented constructs, including one called a metastring. Metastrings use a greatly improved calculator and common nomenclature to reduce the user s workload. They allow for more flexibility in specifying vehicle physical models, boundary conditions, and path constraints. The OTIS4 calculator supports common mathematical functions, Boolean operations, and conditional statements. This allows users to define their own variables for use as outputs, constraints, or objective functions. The user-defined outputs can directly interface with other programs, such as spreadsheets, plotting packages, and visualization programs. Internally, OTIS4 has more explicit and implicit integration procedures, including high-order collocation methods, the pseudo-spectral method, and several variations of multiple shooting. Users may switch easily between the various methods. Several unique numerical techniques such as automated variable scaling and implicit integration grid refinement, support the integration methods. OTIS4 is also significantly more user friendly than previous versions. The installation process is nearly identical on various platforms, including Microsoft Windows, Apple OS X, and Linux operating systems. Cross-platform scripts also help make the execution of OTIS and post-processing of data easier. OTIS4 is supplied free by NASA and is subject to ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) restrictions. Users must have a Fortran compiler, and a Python interpreter is highly recommended