9 research outputs found
PEMANFAATAN HASIL EKSPLORASI PLASMA NUTFAH JERUK NUSANTARA
Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman jenis jeruk unggul lokal maupun nasional yang tersebar diseluruh nusantara dari sabang sampai merauke, dan berpotensi dikembangkan serta didayagunakan untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan, khususnya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan vitamin dan mineral masyarakat seiring dengan bertambahnya penduduk yang terus meningkat dari tahun ketahun. Penelitian bertujuan untuk identifikasi hasil eksplorasi plasmanutfah jeruk nusantara berdasarkan kemanfaatan sesuai jenisnya. Penelitian dilakukan dari tahun 2010 -2013 diseluruh daerah sentra jeruk Maluku Utara, Maluku tenggara, Kalimantan Timur, dan Jawa Timur. Metodologi dengan survei dan exploratif, kordinasi dengan Diperta, BPTP, Kebun Raya LIPI serta wawancara dengan penduduk lokal. Hasil penelitian telah mendapat 30 Asesi Jeruk yang terdiri citrus reculata, citrus maxima, citrus ambicarpha dan citrus aurantivolia dan Menjadi 3 macam jenis berdasarkan pemanfaatannya yaitu sebagai buah segar (Pamelo, Keprok dan Manis, olahan dan jenis biofarmaka (Nipis. Nipis Jumbo, Jerpaya, dan Jari Buda membuka)Kata kunci: buah, eksplorasi, jeruk, plasmanutfah, varieta
Pengaruh Sukrosa dan Fotoperiode terhadap Embriogenesis Somatik Jeruk Keprok Batu 55 (Citrus reticulata Blanco.)
ABSTRACTThis study aimed at determining the effect of sucrose and photoperiod treatment on the growth and development of somatic embryos in citrus Keprok Batu 55. Citrus somatic embryos were induced from nusell us explants cultured on MT (Murashige and Tucker) medium + 146 mM sucrose + 500 mg L- 1malt extract. After 3 times subcultures, somatic embryos were cultured on medium with several concentrations of sucrose (146, 171, 196, and 246 mM) or treated with different photoperiod (8, 12, and 16 hours). Treated somatic embryos were regenerated into plantlets. The research results showed that the addition of sucrose on medium did not affect on fresh weight of somatic embryo at 2 weeks of culture but decreased the fresh weight of somatic embryos at 4 weeks of culture. The higher the sucrose added to the medium, the more embryo somatic fresh weight decrease.Induction and growth of s omatic embryo was also influenced by culture conditions. Fresh weight of somatic embryos was cultured with photoperiod 12 hours day- 1for 2 and 4 weeks higher than the fotoperiode 8 hours day- 1. However, the fresh weight of somatic embryos decreased if photoperiod was increased to 16 hours day- 1. Induced somat ic embryos on medium containing high sucrose ( 246 mM) produced more plantlets with higher size than those with low sucrose. Somatic embryos cultured with photoperiod 12 hours day-1produced more plantlets than those of photoperiod 8 and 16 hours day-1. Nevertheless, the somatic embryos were cultured with photoperiod 16 hours day-1produced plantlets with higher sizes than photoperiod 8 and 12 hours day- 1.Keywords: medium, Murashige and Tucker, nuselus, plantletABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan sukrosa dan fotoperiode terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan embrio somatik jeruk Keprok Batu 55. Embrio somatik diinduksi dari eksplan nuselus yang dikultur pada medium MT (Murashige dan Tucker) + sukrosa 146 mM + ekstrak malt 500 mg L-1. Setelah 3 kali subkultur, embrio somatik dikultur pada media MT dengan penambahan beberapa konsentrasi sukrosa (146, 171, 196, dan 246 mM) atau diperlakukan dengan fotoperiode yang berbeda (8, 12, dan 16 jam hari- 1). Embrio somatik hasil perlakuan selanjutnya diregenerasikan menjadi planlet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan sukrosa pada medium tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot basah embrio somatik pada umur kultur 2 minggu tetapi menurunkan bobot basah embrio somatik pada umur kultur 4 minggu. Semakin tinggi sukrosa yang ditambahkan dalam medium , penurunan bobot basah embrio somatik juga semakin meningkat. Induksi dan pertumbuhan embrio somatik juga dipengaruhi oleh kondisi kultur. Bobot basah embrio somatik yang dikulturkan selama 2 dan 4 minggu dengan fotoperiode 12 jam hari- 1lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan fotoperiode 8 jam hari-1. Namun demikian apabila fotoperio de ditingkatkan menjadi 16 jam hari- 1, bobot basah embrio somatik mengalami penurunan. Embrio somatik yang diinduksi pada medium yang mengandung sukrosa tinggi (246 mM) mampu beregenerasi menjadi planlet lebih banyak dan berukuran lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sukrosa rendah. Embrio somatik yang dikultur dibawah fotoperiode 12 jam hari- 1menghasilkan planlet lebih bany ak dibandingkan fotoperiode 8 dan 12 jam hari-1. Namun demikian, embrio somatik yang dikultur dengan fotoperiode 16 jam hari- 1mampu menghasilkan planlet yang berukuran lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan fotoperiode 8 dan 12 jam hari-1.Kata kunci: medium, Murashige dan Tucker, nuselus, planle
Explaining the impact of a women's group led community mobilisation intervention on maternal and newborn health outcomes: the Ekjut trial process evaluation
Background: Few large and rigorous evaluations of participatory interventions systematically describe their context and implementation, or attempt to explain the mechanisms behind their impact. This study reports process evaluation data from the Ekjut cluster-randomised controlled trial of a participatory learning and action cycle with women's groups to improve maternal and newborn health outcomes in Jharkhand and Orissa, eastern India (20052008). The study demonstrated a 45% reduction in neonatal mortality in the last two years of the intervention, largely driven by improvements in safe practices for home deliveries.Methods: A participatory learning and action cycle with 244 women's groups was implemented in 18 intervention clusters covering an estimated population of 114 141. We describe the context, content, and implementation of this intervention, identify potential mechanisms behind its impact, and report challenges experienced in the field. Methods included a review of intervention documents, qualitative structured discussions with group members and non-group members, meeting observations, as well as descriptive statistical analysis of data on meeting attendance, activities, and characteristics of group attendees.Results: Six broad, interrelated factors influenced the intervention's impact: (1) acceptability; (2) a participatory approach to the development of knowledge, skills and 'critical consciousness'; (3) community involvement beyond the groups; (4) a focus on marginalized communities; (5) the active recruitment of newly pregnant women into groups; (6) high population coverage. We hypothesize that these factors were responsible for the increase in safe delivery and care practices that led to the reduction in neonatal mortality demonstrated in the Ekjut trial.Conclusions: Participatory interventions with community groups can influence maternal and child health outcomes if key intervention characteristics are preserved and tailored to local contexts. Scaling-up such interventions requires (1) a detailed understanding of the way in which context affects the acceptability and delivery of the intervention; (2) planned but flexible replication of key content and implementation features; (3) strong support for participatory methods from implementing agencies