Å gå sammen i mørket: Hvilken betydning har god relasjon og empati i møte med suicidale pasienter i døgnavdeling?

Differential expression analysis of miR from individuals with follicular trachoma versus healthy controls. Results of DESeq differential expression analysis of sequencing read count data for normal healthy controls (N) versus cases of follicular trachoma (TF) with current Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection (five samples of each). MiR with an average read count <5 were excluded. MRC = Mean read count. (XLS 73 kb

Multilevel multivariable random effects logistic regression analysis of factors associated with ocular <i>C. trachomatis</i> infection.

a<p>Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) using two-level multivariable mixed effects logistic regression modelling; CI = confidence interval.</p>b<p>p-value for Wald test (Wald's Chi²); significant associations (where <i>p≤0.05</i>) are highlighted in bold.</p>c<p>researcher observed.</p

The relationship between trachoma and presence of infection with <i>C. trachomatis</i> (<i>Ct</i>).

a<p>N = total number and % = proportion.</p>b<p>Using the WHO Simplified Grading System where TF = trachomatous inflammation-follicular, TI = trachomatous inflammation-intense, TS = trachomatous scarring <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002900#pntd.0002900-Thylefors1" target="_blank">[23]</a>. Individuals may appear in more than one clinical category.</p>c<p><i>Ct</i> DNA detected (<i>Ct</i>+) or absent (<i>Ct</i>−) by Amplicor PCR.</p

Multilevel univariable random effects logistic regression analysis of factors associated with ocular <i>C. trachomatis</i> infection.

a<p>Unadjusted (crude) Odds Ratio (cOR) using two-level univariable mixed effects logistic regression; CI = confidence interval.</p>b<p>p-value for Wald test (Wald's Chi²); significant associations (where <i>p≤0.05</i>) are highlighted in bold.</p>c<p>Continuous numeric variables.</p>d<p>reported by household head.</p>e<p>a ‘vasilha’ is a vessel of capacity ∼30 litres.</p>f<p>researcher observed.</p>g<p>researcher observed within 15 m of the household.</p

Multilevel univariable random effects logistic regression analysis of factors associated with active trachoma^a.

a<p>Active trachoma defined as TF (inflammatory trachoma-follicular) and/or TI (inflammatory trachoma-intense) using the WHO simplified scoring system <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002900#pntd.0002900-Thylefors1" target="_blank">[23]</a>.</p>b<p>Unadjusted (crude) Odds Ratio (cOR) from two-level univariable mixed effects logistic regression analyses; CI = confidence interval.</p>c<p>p-value for Wald test (Wald's Chi²); significant associations (where <i>p≤0.05</i>) are highlighted in bold.</p>d<p>Continuous numeric variables.</p>e<p>reported by household head.</p>f<p>a ‘vasilha’ is a vessel of capacity ∼30 litres.</p>g<p>researcher observed.</p>h<p>researcher observed within 15 m of the household.</p

Multilevel multivariable random effects logistic regression analysis of factors independently associated with active trachoma^a.

a<p>Active trachoma defined as TF (inflammatory trachoma-follicular) and/or TI (inflammatory trachoma-intense) using the WHO simplified scoring system <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002900#pntd.0002900-Thylefors1" target="_blank">[23]</a>.</p>b<p>Model 1 shows the association of predictor variables with active trachoma.</p>c<p>Model 2 includes the presence of <i>C. trachomatis</i> infection and demonstrates the effect of its inclusion on the predictor variables. Some of the association in Model 1 is mediated by <i>C. trachomatis</i> infection.</p>d<p>Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) using multivariable two-level mixed effects logistic regression modelling; CI = confidence interval.</p>e<p>p-value for Wald test (Wald's Chi²); significant associations (where <i>p≤0.05</i>) are highlighted in bold.</p

Study population characteristics.

a<p>Total rural population on Bubaque, Canhabaque, Soga and Rubane <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002900#pntd.0002900-National1" target="_blank">[4]</a>.</p>b<p>N = total number and % = proportion. IQR = Interquartile range.</p

Tropical Data: Approach and Methodology as Applied to Trachoma Prevalence Surveys

Population-based prevalence surveys are essential for decision-making on interventions to achieve trachoma elimination as a public health problem. This paper outlines the methodologies of Tropical Data, which supports work to undertake those surveys. Tropical Data is a consortium of partners that supports health ministries worldwide to conduct globally standardised prevalence surveys that conform to World Health Organization recommendations. Founding principles are health ministry ownership, partnership and collaboration, and quality assurance and quality control at every step of the survey process. Support covers survey planning, survey design, training, electronic data collection and fieldwork, and data management, analysis and dissemination. Methods are adapted to meet local context and needs. Customisations, operational research and integration of other diseases into routine trachoma surveys have also been supported. Between 29th February 2016 and 24th April 2023, 3373 trachoma surveys across 50 countries have been supported, resulting in 10,818,502 people being examined for trachoma. This health ministry-led, standardised approach, with support from the start to the end of the survey process, has helped all trachoma elimination stakeholders to know where interventions are needed, where interventions can be stopped, and when elimination as a public health problem has been achieved. Flexibility to meet specific country contexts, adaptation to changes in global guidance and adjustments in response to user feedback have facilitated innovation in evidence-based methodologies, and supported health ministries to strive for global disease control targets.</p