14 research outputs found

    FĂŒr Wehrpflicht, Impfzwang und BratwĂŒrste

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    Direkte Demokratie as usual: Abgelehnte Volksinitiativen

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    Die privatisierte ErfĂŒllung staatlicher Aufgaben

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    Can privatizations live up to the expectation of reducing the size of the state? Or will the fears be proven true that privatization can push back on democratic principles and the rule of law? This study tackles four question: What requirements does the constitution lay on the execution of the state tasks? In which respects can the execution of state tasks be privatized? Which problems do the constitutional requirements cause for the privatized execution of tasks? Which room for maneuver does the constitutional requirements leave for the privatized execution? This study does not set out to re-invent the legal phenomenon of privatization or to describe it in a novel way. Rather, this study intends to simplify and to categorize. Privatizations are distinguished fundamentally into whether they concern the task-side or the execution-side of state activity. And it applies the constitutions’ requirements in a general way, without delving into the specifics of certain tasks with their special dogmatic categories

    TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

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    Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

    Gegen „Abzocker“, gegen Zersiedelung, fĂŒr und gegen Familienpolitik: Die Schweiz hat abgestimmt 1/2013

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    Am vergangenen Sonntag hat die Schweiz wieder einmal abgestimmt. Der JuWissBlog nimmt dies zum Anlass fĂŒr eine neue Beitragsserie, die anhand der regelmĂ€ssigen Abstimmungen die staatsrechtlichen Eigenheiten und Pirouetten der Schweiz erlĂ€utert. Den Anfang machen die Abstimmungen ĂŒber einen neuen Verfassungsartikel zur Familienförderung, eine Volksinitiative gegen hohe Managerlöhne und eine Revision des Raumplanungsrechts. Oder: Weshalb eine Volksmehrheit alleine noch nichts heisst; wie man einen eigenen Vorschlag nicht zur Annahme empfehlen kann; und was ein indirekter Gegenvorschlag mit einem bedingten RĂŒckzug zu tun hat

    Die privatisierte ErfĂŒllung staatlicher Aufgaben

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    Can privatizations live up to the expectation of reducing the size of the state? Or will the fears be proven true that privatization can push back on democratic principles and the rule of law? This study tackles four question: What requirements does the constitution lay on the execution of the state tasks? In which respects can the execution of state tasks be privatized? Which problems do the constitutional requirements cause for the privatized execution of tasks? Which room for maneuver does the constitutional requirements leave for the privatized execution? This study does not set out to re-invent the legal phenomenon of privatization or to describe it in a novel way. Rather, this study intends to simplify and to categorize. Privatizations are distinguished fundamentally into whether they concern the task-side or the execution-side of state activity. And it applies the constitutions’ requirements in a general way, without delving into the specifics of certain tasks with their special dogmatic categories

    Der Marktplatz ist gerĂ€umt: Herausforderungen der Ökonomisierung politischer RĂ€ume fĂŒr den Verfassungsstaat

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    Einmal mehr muss das Bundesverfassungsgericht (BVerfG) entscheiden, ob Massnahmen zur Euro-Rettung verfassungsmĂ€ssig sind. Dabei sucht das BVerfG seiner Mission nachzukommen, den vom Grundgesetz garantierten politischen Raum zu schĂŒtzen. Doch das Entscheidungsprimat eigens zur BewĂ€ltigung der europĂ€ischen Staatsschuldenkrise geschaffener Institutionen wie dem EuropĂ€ischen StabilitĂ€tsmechanismus lĂ€sst diese politischen RĂ€ume durch die Hegemonie ökonomischer RationalitĂ€tserwĂ€gungen zunehmend verschwinden. Dies fordert den Verfassungsstaat gleich doppelt heraus: Erstens beschleunigt die Finanzkrise die Verschiebung von Entscheidungskompetenzen auf supranationale und transnationale Ebenen und entledigt den Verfassungsstaat und seine Institutionen der Möglichkeit, bei der Beantwortung folgenreicher Zukunftsfragen eine wesentliche Rolle zu spielen. Daraus folgt, zweitens, dass der Verfassungsstaat um eine seiner PrimĂ€rlegitimationen gebracht wird, ein Forum fĂŒr die Formulierung des Gemeinwohls im politischen Prozess zu bieten
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