Is compulsive internet use related to sensitivity to reward and punishment, and impulsivity?

Aim of the present study was to examine whether the personality correlates sensitivity to reward and to punishment, and impulsivity predict compulsive internet use (CIU). Furthermore, the predictive value of these personality correlates was compared to the predictive value of factors relating to psychosocial wellbeing. The results showed that particularly rash spontaneous impulsivity predicts CIU and that this personality factor is more important than psychosocial wellbeing factors. Sensitivity to reward, which is supposed to play a role in craving processes associated with substance abuse and eating disorders, could not be related to CIU. The data suggest that Internet users who are characterized by an impulsive personality feature, are less able to control their use of the internet, which makes them more vulnerable to develop CIU. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Загальна характеристика правового регулювання експорту в Європейському Союзі

Стаття присвячена вивченню основних засад, на яких відбувається регулювання експорту з ЄС. Досліджується зміст Регламенту 2603/69 як основного нормативно правового акту, що містить загальні правила експортування товарів. З’ясовується, за якими критеріями розрізняються товари в ЄС, що експортуються, а також яким чином ці критерії впливають на встановлення правових режимів експорту Ключові слова: експорт товарів, правове регулювання, Європейський Союз, регламенти.В статье исследуются основные принципы, в соответствии с которыми осуществляется правовое регулирование экспорта из ЕС. Изучается содержание Регламента 2603/69 как основного нормативно правового акта, устанавливающего общие правила экспортирования товаров из ЕС. Определяются критерии градации экспортируемых товаров, на основании которых вводится различный правовой режим их экспорта Ключевые слова: экспорт товаров, правовое регулирование, Европейский Союз, регламенты.This article investigates the basic principles in accordance with which the legal regulation of exports from the EU is carried out. The maintenance of Regulations 2603/69 as the basic regulatory legal act establishing the general rules of export of the goods from EU is studied. Criteria of gradation of the exported goods on which basis the various legal regime of their export is entered are defined Key words: exports of goods, legal regulation, the European Union, regulations

Problematic smartphone use and the quantity and quality of peer engagement among adolescents: A longitudinal study

Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has recently attracted a lot of attention, especially among adolescents. The knowledge about the role peer engagement might play in the development of PSU is still limited. We aimed to investigate the bidirectional relationships between PSU, the quantity of online (i.e., passive and active social media messaging on smartphone) and offline peer engagement (i.e., intensity of face-to-face meeting with friends) and the quality of peer engagement (i.e., perceived competence in close friendships) among adolescents. Data from a three-wave longitudinal study among 2100 Dutch high school students (56.7% boys) was used. Cross-lagged models indicated that: (1) perceived competence in close friendships at T1 negatively predicted PSU at T2 and PSU at T2 negatively predicted perceived competence in close friendships at T3; (2) there were positive and reciprocal cross-lagged correlations between PSU and passive social media messaging on smartphone; (3) there were positive and reciprocal cross-lagged correlations between intensity of face-to-face meeting with friends and active social media messaging on smartphone. This implies that adolescents who perceive a low competence in close friendships and/or intensively check their smartphone for messages from their peers may be particularly vulnerable to developing problematic smartphone use over time

Is het gebruik van games en sociale media gerelateerd aan het psychosociaal en schoolfunctioneren van jongeren?

In deze studie is onderzocht welke longitudinale effecten intensief en verslaafd gebruik van games en sociale media hebben op het psychosociaal en schoolfunctioneren van adolescenten. In totaal hebben 538 adolescenten (mage = 12,9 jaar op T1) aan drie jaarlijkse metingen deelgenomen, waarbij online vragenlijsten in klassen werden afgenomen en scholen informatie over de schoolprestaties hebben verstrekt. In structurele vergelijkingsmodellen werden negatieve effecten gevonden van symptomen van game- en socialemediaverslaving op de levenstevredenheid. Symptomen van gameverslaving hadden daarnaast een negatief effect op socialecompetentiebeleving, terwijl intensief gebruik van games en sociale media hier juist een (zwak) positief effect op hadden. Intensief socialemediagebruik had een negatief effect op schoolprestaties, evenals symptomen van socialemediaverslaving bij meisjes. Deze bevindingen suggereren dat symptomen van game- en socialemediaverslaving een negatieve impact hebben op het psychosociaal en schoolfunctioneren van jongeren. Implicaties voor de diagnostiek van gedragsverslavingen worden besproken

The devil in disguise: Functions of substance use in adolescence

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Online communicatie, compulsief internetgebruik en het psychosociale welbevinden van jongeren

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