Distribution et démographie des parcs à rôniers dans la Région des Savanes du Togo

Context and background:The roast palm parklands remain one of the most striking elements of the Savannah region of Togo. Given the importance of this resource for the local population, knowledge of their diversity and demographic structure is necessary for better management of roast palm plant communities throughout the Savannah region of Togo.Goal and objectives:The study carried out in the region of Savannahs of Togo contributes to the sustainable management of agroforestry parklands in Togo. It aims at: (i) mapping of the spatial distribution of Borassus species (Borassus aethiopum and Borassus akeassi) and (ii) characterize the diversity and the demographic structure of roast palm parklands in the Savannah Region of Togo.Methodology:Forest inventories were done within roast palm agroforestry parklands within plots 50 m X 50 m. Based on these inventories, diversity and dendrometry characteristics of the target parklands determined. Mapping consisted of the spatialization of densities by the interpolation.Results:B. aethiopum is mostly represented than B. akeassii found which is found punctually in a few locations. Roast palms parkland diversity was estimated to 23 plant species belonging to 21 genera and 14 families. Three (3) roast palm parklands were discriminated: mixed parks, B. aethiopum parks, and B. akeassii parks. The most represented families are: the Arecaceae (61 %) and the Sapotaceae (13 %). There is the dominance of mesophanerophytes (76 %) and transition species, Guineo-Congolese/Sudano-Zambezian. B. aethiopum mean diameter is 47.91 ± 1.54 cm, with a basal area and density 6.98 ± 2.33 m²/ha and 29.33 ± 1.66 stems/ha respectively. B. akeassii mean diameter is about 42.45 ± 1.61 cm with a basal area and mean density 3.43 ± 1.77 m²/ha and 18.5 ± 1.66 stems/ha respectively. Both the two target species mean regeneration rate is 61.29 %

Structure et modélisation du carbone de la Forêt Classée de Missahohoé au Togo

Context and background:Forest ecosystems have the capacity to regulate the climate as sink of carbon. This function allows them to maintain the ecological balance of the planet. Given the intensity of the ever-increasing human pressures on these ecosystems, it is urgent to quantify and spatialize their carbon storage potential in time and space in order to implement more appropriate environmental management practices and policies.Goal and objectives:The present study, which focused on the structure of woodland formations and carbon modeling of the Classified Forest of Missahohoé (CFM), intends to contribute to the sustainable management of protected areas in Togo. More specifically, it aims to: (i) determine the vegetation structure of the FCM and (ii) model the carbon in the MCF.Methodology:The methodology consisted on forest mensuration within 27 plots sized 50 m x 20 m. Dendrometric data were used to characterized the structure of the woodland formations, to estimate biomass and carbon stocks. The InVEST and MOLUSCE models combined with Landsat images was used to predict carbon sequestration for the year 2035 based on observed changes in this forest ecosystem.Results:The results of the diameter class structure reveal that these woodlands are dominated by young tree reflecting strong anthropogenic pressure namely shifting fields and illegally extraction of firewood. Between 2020 and 2035, for the whole target classified forest, a gain of 627.75 Mg of carbon is predicted. On the other hand, at the level of land use units, riparian/dense forests and tree/shrub savannahs will experience a carbon loss of -9.21% and -1.61% respectively. The economic value of the total carbon that would be sequestered in 2035 by the FCM is estimated at $3,197,148.85. The total loss of ecosystem service value in the two land use units from 2020 to 2035 would be$58,851.98. This study recommends restoration/reforestation as the most practical strategy for mitigating carbon loss and calls for increased access to renewable energy sources for local communities

Feu de végétation entraîne la dégradation et la déforestation du Parc National Fazao-Malfakassa (PNFM) au Togo

Contexte et justification : Le feu de végétation demeure une technique de gestion et d’aménagement des aires protégées. Elle peut aussi se révéler négative pour la conservation des écosystèmes forestiers et la biodiversité. But et objectifs : L’étude s’est focalisée sur la dynamique de la végétation et du feu de végétation du Parc National Fazao-Malfakassa (RFFM) au Togo. Plus spécifiquement, il s’agit d’évaluer la dynamique d’occupation du sol et de l’occurrence du feu entre 2000 et 2020 dans la réserve de faune de Fazao-Malfakassa au Togo. Méthodologie : L’analyse s’est basée sur des images satellites de 2014, 2000 et 2020. La comparaison des résultats de classification des images de l’occupation du sol et de l’occurrence du feu de végétation a permis de ressortir l’impact du feu de végétation sur la dynamique de la végétation. Résultats : L’analyse cartographique montre une progression des Champs/Jachères (1,73 %), Forêts claires (1,43 %), des Forêts sèches/Galeries (2,53 %) et Savanes arborées/Savanes arbustives (1,13 %) au détriment des savanes boisées qui connaissent une régression de 3,35 % par an. Elle révèle aussi une progression de 33,35 % des feux de végétation qui se concentrent principalement dans les parties sud-est et nord-est du parc. Le feu de végétation serait la principale cause de régression des savanes boisées.

Dynamique spatio-temporelle et flore de la forêt d’Aboudjokopé au Togo

Cette étude est une contribution à la gestion des forêts privéesau Togo et plus spécifiquement de la forêt d’Aboudjokopé (FAK). Elle s’est basée sur l’analyse de la dynamique spatio-temporelle de la végétation, de la floreet des perceptions des populations riveraines de la gestion de la FAK. L’analyse de la dynamique spatio-temporelle de la FAK à partir des images de Google Earth de 2012 et 2018 montre une régression des Jachères/Cultures, et Agglomérations/Sols nus au profit des Forêts denses, des Forêts claires/Savanes boisées et des Savanes arborées/Savanes arbustives. L’inventaire floristique a permis de recenser 276 espèces, dont 217 et 208 respectivement à l’intérieur et dans la zone riveraine de la FAK. Les enquêtes ont révélé que la majorité de la population apprécie l’existence et les modes de gestion de la forêt.   English title: Spatio-temporal dynamic and flora of Aboudjokope Forest in Togo This study is a contribution to the management of the privateforests in Togo namely theAboudjokopéForest (FAK). It was based on land use and land cover dynamic analysis, the floracensus, and the perception of local populations of the management of the forest. The spatio-temporal dynamic analysis of the FAK done withthe Google Earth images of 2012 and 2018 showeda regression of Fallows/Croplands, and Agglomerations/Bare soil in favour of Dense forests, Open forests/Wood savannahs and Trees savannahs/Shrub savannahs. The floristic inventory had allowed to census 276 plant species from which 217 and 208 respectively in the interior and in the riparian zone of the FAK. Non-structured interviewsrevealed that the majority of the population approve the forest management

Diversité floristique des forêts communautaires de la préfecture de Dankpen au Togo

This study is a contribution to the management of community forests (CF) in the prefecture of Dankpen: CFs of Namab (CFNam), Nassibik (CFNas), and Yakandjido (CFY). It aims at (i) mapping land use and land cover, (ii) assessing floristic diversity and (ii) characterizing the demographic structure of CFs. The estimated areas of these CFs are respectively 23.0 ha, 22.1 ha and 7.0 ha for the FCNam, FCNas and FCY. With the exception of the CFNam where no forest formations were observed, over half of the areas of the other CFs are covered by forest formations. The floristic inventories showed a global flora of 84 plant species. The most represented are the Rubiaceae, the Leguminosae-Caesalpiniodae, the Combretaceae and the Poaceae. This flora is inversely proportional to the CF areas: 26, 41 and 52 species recorded respectively in the CFNam, FCNas and FCY. With the exception of the forest formations of the CFY, the diameter structure is inverted J in the other plant formations showing a high abundance of young individuals and therefore a strong recent human influence. Although the few densities of individuals with large diameter, the high density of regeneration augurs a rapid recovery of the target CFs if the protection and restoration measures undertaken are maintained over time.  Keywords: Land use, diversity, community forest, Dankpen, TogoCette étude est une contribution à la gestion des forêts communautaire (FC) dans la préfecture de Dankpen: FC de Namab (FCNam), Nassibik (FCNas) et Yakandjido (FCY). Il s’agit de (i) cartographier les unités d’occupation du sol, (ii) évaluer la diversité floristique et (ii) caractériser la structure démographique des FCs. Les superficies estimées de ces FCs sont respectivement de 23,0 ha, 22,1 ha et 7,0 ha pour les FCNam, FCNas et FCY. À l’exception de la FCNam où l’on note une absence des formations forestières, un peu plus de la moitié des superficies des autres FCs sont couvertes par les formations forestières. Les inventaires floristiques ressortent une florule globale de 84 espèces végétales dont les familles les plus représentées sont les Rubiaceae, les Leguminosae-Caesalpiniodae, les Combretaceae et les Poaceae. Cette florule est inversement proportionnelle aux superficies des FC: 26, 41 et 52 espèces recensées respectivement dans les FCNam, FCNas et FCY. À l’exception des formations forestières de la FCY, la structure en diamètre est en "J" renversée dans les autres formations végétales montrant une forte représentativité des jeunes individus par conséquent une forte emprise humaine récente. Malgré la faible abondance des individus de grands diamètres, la forte densité de régénération augure une reconstitution rapide desdites forêts si les mesures de protection et de restauration entreprises sont maintenues dans le temps. Mots clés: Occupation du sol, diversité, forêt communautaire, Dankpen, Tog

Empreinte anthropique sur la dynamique des écosystèmes de la forêt classée d’Amou-Mono au Togo

In recent years, Togo's protected areas have been subject to a worrying process of anthropisation. This has led to a decline in forest ecosystems, their biodiversity and their functions. The general objective of this study is to assess the state of conservation of the classified forest of Amou-Mono between 1986 and 2021. More specifically, it aims to: (i) characterize the dynamics of land use from 1986, 2000, 2013 and 2021 and, (ii) assess the impact of changes in land use on the potential for carbon sequestration. A multi-date classification of Landsat images for the years 1986, 2000, 2013 and 2021 made it possible to quantify and assess changes in occupation. The dynamics of land use between 1986 and 2021 is mainly reflected by a regression of dense/riparian forests (81.40%) and open forests/wooded savannahs (67.79%) and the progression of wooded/shrubby Savannah (172.93%). Anthropogenic formations: Fields/fallow and Agglomerations/Bare soils, absent in 1986, occupy in 2021 respective proportions of 38.1 % and 2.19%. Human activities, particularly logging and agricultural clearing, are causing fragmentation and regression of forest ecosystems. Unless action is taken to reverse the trend, the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem functions in this classified forest will be increasingly threatened