Current Approaches, Typologies and Predictors of Deviant Work Behaviors: A Scoping Review of Reviews

This study provides a scoping review of the recent conceptual developments about the deviant work behavior and counterproductive work behavior constructs. It also examines the specific types of deviant work behavior that have been more consistently investigated in the last decade, and whether they cover the interpersonal or organizational type of deviant behavior. In addition, individual, group, and organizational predictors of deviant work behaviors are examined. A scoping review of reviews was conducted on Scopus and Web of Science databases and 54 studies published from 2010 to June 2021 were taken into account. Results show that more recent conceptualizations are based on well established models in the literature and consider the hierarchical structure of these two constructs. Recent reviews examine the relationships of deviant work behavior with job performance and ethical behavior constructs, the multilevel nature of deviant work behavior, and the consequences for the actor of the deviance. The specific types of deviant work behavior more frequently reviewed in the last decade are workplace abuse, incivility, ostracism, bullying and sexual harassment, and abusive and destructive leadership; this evidence suggests a much greater attention to interpersonal, rather than organizational, forms of deviant work behavior. Regarding antecedents, results show the continuing prevalence of personality factors antecedents. Limitations of the study and theoretical and practical implications for the field are also provided

Expression of Protease-Activated Receptor 1 and 2 and Anti-Tubulogenic Activity of Protease-Activated Receptor 1 in Human Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells

Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are obtained from the culture of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (hPBMNC) fractions and are characterised by high proliferative and pro-vasculogenic potential, which makes them of great interest for cell therapy. Here, we describe the detection of protease-activated receptor (PAR) 1 and 2 amongst the surface proteins expressed in ECFCs. Both receptors are functionally coupled to extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, which become activated and phosphorylated in response to selective PAR1- or PAR2-activating peptides. Specific stimulation of PAR1, but not PAR2, significantly inhibits capillary-like tube formation by ECFCs in vitro, suggesting that tubulogenesis is negatively regulated by proteases able to stimulate PAR1 (e.g. thrombin). The activation of ERKs is not involved in the regulation of tubulogenesis in vitro, as suggested by use of the MEK inhibitor PD98059 and by the fact that PAR2 stimulation activates ERKs without affecting capillary tube formation. Both qPCR and immunoblotting showed a significant downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2) in response to PAR1 stimulation. Moreover, the addition of VEGF (50–100 ng/ml) but not basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) (25–100 ng/ml) rescued tube formation by ECFCs treated with PAR1-activating peptide. Therefore, we propose that reduction of VEGF responsiveness resulting from down-regulation of VEGFR2 is underlying the anti-tubulogenic effect of PAR1 activation. Although the role of PAR2 remains elusive, this study sheds new light on the regulation of the vasculogenic activity of ECFCs and suggests a potential link between adult vasculogenesis and the coagulation cascade

Fibrocytes and the tissue niche in lung repair

Human fibrocytes are bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells that express a variety of markers related to leukocytes, hematopoietic stem cells and a diverse set of fibroblast phenotypes. Fibrocytes can be recruited from the circulation to the tissue where they further can differentiate and proliferate into various mesenchymal cell types depending on the tissue niche. This local tissue niche is important because it modulates the fibrocytes and coordinates their role in tissue behaviour and repair. However, plasticity of a niche may be co-opted in chronic airway diseases such as asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and obliterative bronchiolitis. This review will therefore focus on a possible role of fibrocytes in pathological tissue repair processes in those diseases

The double regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by caveolae and caveolin: A paradox solved through the study of angiogenesis

Caveolae are plasmalemmal invaginations formed by the sequestration of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids with self-associating molecules named caveolins, resulting in a platform for the assembly of signaling complexes at the surface of the cell. The enrichment of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase in caveolae and its direct interaction with caveolin both account for the exquisite regulation of nitric oxide production in cardiovascular tissues. Dissection of the angiogenic signaling cascade downstream vascular endothelial growth factor recently led to recognition that although the former enables the compartmentation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and optimizes the process leading to its activation, the latter maintains the enzyme in its inactivated state in the absence of stimulation. Alteration in caveolin abundance or subcellular location may lead endothelial cells or cardiac myocytes to favor one mode of regulation over the other and thereby alter the subtle equilibrium governing nitric oxide production in these cells

A novel multi-level pyramid co-variance operators for estimation of personality traits and job screening scores

Abstract Recently, automatic personality analysis is becoming an interesting topic for computer vision. Many attempts have been proposed to solve this problem using time-based sequence information. In this paper, we present a new framework for estimating the Big-Five personality traits and job candidate screening variable from video sequences. The framework consists of two parts: (1) the use of Pyramid Multi-level (PML) to extract raw facial textures at different scales and levels; (2) the extension of the Covariance Descriptor (COV) to fuse different local texture features of the face image such as Local Binary Patterns (LBP), Local Directional Pattern (LDP), Binarized Statistical Image Features (BSIF), and Local Phase Quantization (LPQ). Therefore, the COV descriptor uses the textures of PML face parts to generate rich low-level face features that are encoded using concatenation of all PML blocks in a feature vector. Finally, the entire video sequence is represented by aggregating these frame vectors and extracting the most relevant features. The exploratory results on the ChaLearn LAP APA2016 dataset compare well with state-of-the-art methods including deep learning-based methods