Pairing-excitation versus intruder states in 68Ni and 90Zr

A discussion on the nature of the 0+ states in 68Ni (Z=28, N=40) is presented and a comparison is made with its valence counterpart 90Zr (Z=40, N=50). Evidence is given for a 0+ proton intruder state at only ~2.2 MeV excitation energy in 68Ni, while the analogous neutron intruder states in 90Zr reside at 4126 keV and 5441 keV. The application of a shell-model description of 0+ intruder states reveals that many pair-scattered neutrons across N=40 have to be involved to explain the low excitation energy of the proton-intruder configuration in 68Ni.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl

Time resolved four- and six-wave mixing in liquids. II. Experiments

Femtosecond four- and six-wave mixing is employed to study intermolecular motion in liquids, using CS2 as a working example. Nonresonant four-wave mixing yields the total spectral response associated with the low-frequency motions in the liquid. The results of optical Kerr effect and transient grating scattering experiments can be modeled equally well by homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened intermolecular vibrations. Femtosecond nonresonant six-wave mixing, where two independent propagation times can be varied, contains a temporally two-dimensional contribution that provides information on the time scale(s) of these intermolecular dynamics. The six-wave mixing signal of CS2 shows distinctly different behavior along the two time variables. When the first propagation time is varied, both librational motion at short times and a picosecond diffusive tail are observed. Along the second propagation time, there is no sign of diffusive response and the signal is solely determined by the librational motions. Its shape depends on the first propagation time, when it is varied between 0 and 500 fs, but it is unaffected by further increase of that delay. This is a strong indication for a finite correlation time of the fluctuations in the intermolecular potentials. The interplay between the initial coherent motions and the diffusive behavior on longer time scales is far from clear. A widely used model in which these are treated as independent harmonic processes fails to describe the results

Off-line studies of the laser ionization of yttrium at the IGISOL facility

A laser ion source is under development at the IGISOL facility, Jyvaskyla, in order to address deficiencies in the ion guide technique. The key elements of interest are those of a refractory nature, whose isotopes and isomers are widely studied using both laser spectroscopic and high precision mass measurement techniques. Yttrium has been the first element of choice for the new laser ion source. In this work we present a new coupled dye-Ti:Sapphire laser scheme and give a detailed discussion of the results obtained from laser ionization of yttrium atoms produced in an ion guide via joule heating of a filament. The importance of not only gas purity, but indeed the baseline vacuum pressure in the environment outside the ion guide is discussed in light of the fast gas phase chemistry seen in the yttrium system. A single laser shot model is introduced and is compared to the experimental data in order to extract the level of impurities within the gas cell.Comment: 18 pages submitted to NIM

Alpha Decay Hindrance Factors: A Probe of Mean Field Wave Functions

A simple model to calculate alpha-decay Hindrance Factors is presented. Using deformation values obtained from PES calculations as the only input, Hindrance Factors for the alpha-decay of Rn- and Po-isotopes are calculated. It is found that the intrinsic structure around the Fermi surface determined by the deformed mean field plays an important role in determining the hindrance of alpha-decay. The fair agreement between experimental and theoretical Hindrance Factors suggest that the wave function obtained from the energy minima of the PES calculations contains an important part of the correlations that play a role for the alpha-decay. The calculated HF that emerges from these calculations render a different interpretation than the commonly assumed n-particle n-hole picture.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure

Collison effects in the nonlinear Raman response of liquid carbon disulfide

The contributions of induced-multipole and electron overlap effects to the third-order Raman response were studied. A model was constructed on the polarizability of carbon disulfide dimers using polarizabilities from accurate time-dependent density functional theory calculations. The model was used to calculate the third-order time-domain Raman response of liquid carbon disulfide

Intruder bands and configuration mixing in the lead isotopes

A three-configuration mixing calculation is performed in the context of the interacting boson model with the aim to describe recently observed collective bands built on low-lying $0^+$ states in neutron-deficient lead isotopes. The configurations that are included correspond to the regular, spherical states as well as two-particle two-hole and four-particle four-hole excitations across the Z=82 shell gap.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, accepted by PRC, reference added for section 1 in this revised versio

Many-body effects in the stimulated Raman response of binary mixtures:A comparison between theory and experiment

The subpicosecond dynamics of binary mixtures of carbon disulfide and alkane have been studied using third-order time-resolved Raman techniques. Both the anisotropic and the isotropic responses were investigated. These depend differently on many-body contributions to the first-order susceptibility and probe different modes in the liquid. The anisotropic response is dominated by single molecule effects, whereas the isotropic response is completely determined by many-body contributions since the single molecule response vanishes. To interpret the experimental results, molecular dynamics simulations were performed on model mixtures. The effect of dilution on the subpicosecond response cannot be explained by many-body effects in the first-order susceptibility alone. Aggregation due to permanent quadrupole moments on the carbon disulfide molecules and density changes upon dilution are also inadequate explanations for the observed effect. Apparently the character of the many-body dynamics itself is modified by the change of the molecular force fields, when carbon disulfide molecules are replaced by alkanes.<br/