200 research outputs found
Belief revision in the propositional closure of a qualitative algebra
Belief revision is an operation that aims at modifying old be-liefs so that
they become consistent with new ones. The issue of belief revision has been
studied in various formalisms, in particular, in qualitative algebras (QAs) in
which the result is a disjunction of belief bases that is not necessarily
repre-sentable in a QA. This motivates the study of belief revision in
formalisms extending QAs, namely, their propositional clo-sures: in such a
closure, the result of belief revision belongs to the formalism. Moreover, this
makes it possible to define a contraction operator thanks to the Harper
identity. Belief revision in the propositional closure of QAs is studied, an
al-gorithm for a family of revision operators is designed, and an open-source
implementation is made freely available on the web
Case Adaptation with Qualitative Algebras
This paper proposes an approach for the adaptation of spatial or temporal
cases in a case-based reasoning system. Qualitative algebras are used as
spatial and temporal knowledge representation languages. The intuition behind
this adaptation approach is to apply a substitution and then repair potential
inconsistencies, thanks to belief revision on qualitative algebras. A temporal
example from the cooking domain is given. (The paper on which this extended
abstract is based was the recipient of the best paper award of the 2012
International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning.
Automatic case acquisition from texts for process-oriented case-based reasoning
This paper introduces a method for the automatic acquisition of a rich case
representation from free text for process-oriented case-based reasoning. Case
engineering is among the most complicated and costly tasks in implementing a
case-based reasoning system. This is especially so for process-oriented
case-based reasoning, where more expressive case representations are generally
used and, in our opinion, actually required for satisfactory case adaptation.
In this context, the ability to acquire cases automatically from procedural
texts is a major step forward in order to reason on processes. We therefore
detail a methodology that makes case acquisition from processes described as
free text possible, with special attention given to assembly instruction texts.
This methodology extends the techniques we used to extract actions from cooking
recipes. We argue that techniques taken from natural language processing are
required for this task, and that they give satisfactory results. An evaluation
based on our implemented prototype extracting workflows from recipe texts is
provided.Comment: Sous presse, publication pr\'evue en 201
Teaching Fluid Mechanics for Undergraduate Students in Applied Industrial Biology: from Theory to Atypical Experiments
EBI is a further education establishment which provides education in applied
industrial biology at level of MSc engineering degree. Fluid mechanics at EBI
was considered by students as difficult who seemed somewhat unmotivated. In
order to motivate them, we applied a new play-based pedagogy. Students were
asked to draw inspiration from everyday life situations to find applications of
fluid mechanics and to do experiments to verify and validate some theoretical
results obtained in course. In this paper, we present an innovative
teaching/learning pedagogy which includes the concept of learning through play
and its implications in fluid mechanics for engineering. Examples of atypical
experiments in fluid mechanics made by students are presented. Based on
teaching evaluation by students, it is possible to know how students feel the
course. The effectiveness of this approach to motivate students is presented
through an analysis of students' teaching assessment. Learning through play
proved a great success in fluid mechanics where course evaluations increased
substantially. Fluid mechanics has been progressively perceived as interesting,
useful, pleasant and easy to assimilate. It is shown that this pedagogy which
includes educational gaming presents benefits for students. These experiments
seem therefore to be a very effective tool for improving teaching/learning
activities in higher education
Semi-automatic annotation process for procedural texts: An application on cooking recipes
Taaable is a case-based reasoning system that adapts cooking recipes to user
constraints. Within it, the preparation part of recipes is formalised as a
graph. This graph is a semantic representation of the sequence of instructions
composing the cooking process and is used to compute the procedure adaptation,
conjointly with the textual adaptation. It is composed of cooking actions and
ingredients, among others, represented as vertices, and semantic relations
between those, shown as arcs, and is built automatically thanks to natural
language processing. The results of the automatic annotation process is often a
disconnected graph, representing an incomplete annotation, or may contain
errors. Therefore, a validating and correcting step is required. In this paper,
we present an existing graphic tool named \kcatos, conceived for representing
and editing decision trees, and show how it has been adapted and integrated in
WikiTaaable, the semantic wiki in which the knowledge used by Taaable is
stored. This interface provides the wiki users with a way to correct the case
representation of the cooking process, improving at the same time the quality
of the knowledge about cooking procedures stored in WikiTaaable
Quels formalismes temporels pour représenter des connaissances extraites de textes de recettes de cuisine ?
National audienceThe Taaable projet goal is to create a case-based reasoning system for retrieval and adaptation of cooking recipes. Within this framework, we are discussing the temporal aspects of recipes and the means of representing those in order to adapt their text.Le projet Taaable a pour objet de construire un système de raisonnement à partir de cas pour la recherche et l'adaptation de textes de recettes de cuisine. Dans ce cadre, nous nous intéressons aux aspects temporels des recettes et à la manière de les représenter afin d'en envisager l'adaptation textuelle
Extension du formalisme des flux opérationnels par une algèbre temporelle
National audienceWorkflows constitute an important language to represent knowledge about processes, but also increasingly to reason on such knowledge. On the other hand, there is a limit to which time constraints between activities can be expressed. Qualitative interval algebras can model processes using finer temporal relations, but they cannot reproduce all workflow patterns. This paper defines a common ground model-theoretical semantics for both workflows and interval algebras, making it possible for reasoning systems working with either to interoperate. Thanks to this, interesting properties and inferences can be defined, both on workflows and on an extended formalism combining workflows with interval algebras. Finally, similar formalisms proposing a sound formal basis for workflows and extending them are discussed.Les flux opérationnels (workflows) constituent un important langage de représentation des connaissances sur les processus, mais sont également de plus en plus utilisés pour raisonner sur ce type de connaissances. En revanche, ils sont limités pour l'expression de contraintes temporelles entre activités. Les algèbres qualitatives d'intervalles peuvent représenter des relations temporelles plus fines, mais elles sont incapables de reproduire toutes les structures de contrôle des flux. Cet article définit une sémantique, fondée sur la théorie des modèles, commune aux flux opérationnels et aux algèbres d'intervalles, rendant possible l'inter-opérabilité de systèmes de raisonnement utilisant ces deux formalismes. Cela met également en évidence des propriétés et des possibilités d'inférences intéressantes, à la fois pour les flux opérationnels et pour les flux étendus par l'utilisation d'une algèbre qualitative. Finalement, nous discutons de formalismes similaires, proposant également une base théorique au formalisme des flux et étendant ce dernier
Adaptation de cas spatiaux et temporels
National audienceQualitative algebras form a family of languages mainly used to represent knowledge depending on space or time. This paper proposes an approach to adapt cases represented in such an algebra. A spatial example in agronomy and a temporal example in cooking are given. The idea behind this adaptation approach is to apply a substitution and then repair potential inconsistencies, thanks to belief revision on qualitative algebras.Les algèbres qualitatives forment une famille de langages utilisés principalement pour représenter des connaissances de nature temporelle ou spatiale. Cet article propose une approche pour adapter des cas représentés dans une telle algèbre. Un exemple spatial portant sur l'agronomie ainsi qu'un exemple temporel portant sur la cuisine sont donnés. L'idée sous-jacente à cette approche de l'adaptation est d'appliquer une substitution puis de réparer les incohérences qui pourraient être apparues, grâce à la révision des croyances appliquée aux algèbres qualitatives
- …