208 research outputs found
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Creative and productive workplaces: a review
The built environment affects our well-being and this in turn influences our effectiveness in the workplace. Poor environments contribute to absenteeism and to people not working as well as they might. This is an enormous cost to the nation. High-quality environmental design is an investment, as occupants are healthier, staff-retention rates are higher, productivity is higher and sustainability ideals are more likely to be met. Workplaces reflect the culture of companies and are places that are not just functional and convenient but give the occupant a wholesome experience in terms of body and spirit
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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: cosmology from cosmic shear and robustness to data calibration
This work, together with its companion paper, Secco, Samuroff et al. [Phys. Rev. D 105, 023515 (2022)PRVDAQ2470-001010.1103/PhysRevD.105.023515], present the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 cosmic-shear measurements and cosmological constraints based on an analysis of over 100 million source galaxies. With the data spanning 4143 deg2 on the sky, divided into four redshift bins, we produce a measurement with a signal-to-noise of 40. We conduct a blind analysis in the context of the Lambda-Cold Dark Matter (ÎCDM) model and find a 3% constraint of the clustering amplitude, S8Ï8(Ïm/0.3)0.5=0.759-0.023+0.025. A ÎCDM-Optimized analysis, which safely includes smaller scale information, yields a 2% precision measurement of S8=0.772-0.017+0.018 that is consistent with the fiducial case. The two low-redshift measurements are statistically consistent with the Planck Cosmic Microwave Background result, however, both recovered S8 values are lower than the high-redshift prediction by 2.3Ï and 2.1Ï (p-values of 0.02 and 0.05), respectively. The measurements are shown to be internally consistent across redshift bins, angular scales and correlation functions. The analysis is demonstrated to be robust to calibration systematics, with the S8 posterior consistent when varying the choice of redshift calibration sample, the modeling of redshift uncertainty and methodology. Similarly, we find that the corrections included to account for the blending of galaxies shifts our best-fit S8 by 0.5Ï without incurring a substantial increase in uncertainty. We examine the limiting factors for the precision of the cosmological constraints and find observational systematics to be subdominant to the modeling of astrophysics. Specifically, we identify the uncertainties in modeling baryonic effects and intrinsic alignments as the limiting systematics
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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: cosmology from cosmic shear and robustness to modeling uncertainty
This work and its companion paper, Amon et al. [Phys. Rev. D 105, 023514 (2022)PRVDAQ2470-001010.1103/PhysRevD.105.023514], present cosmic shear measurements and cosmological constraints from over 100 million source galaxies in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data. We constrain the lensing amplitude parameter S8Ï8Ïm/0.3 at the 3% level in ÎCDM: S8=0.759-0.023+0.025 (68% CL). Our constraint is at the 2% level when using angular scale cuts that are optimized for the ÎCDM analysis: S8=0.772-0.017+0.018 (68% CL). With cosmic shear alone, we find no statistically significant constraint on the dark energy equation-of-state parameter at our present statistical power. We carry out our analysis blind, and compare our measurement with constraints from two other contemporary weak lensing experiments: the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) and Hyper-Suprime Camera Subaru Strategic Program (HSC). We additionally quantify the agreement between our data and external constraints from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Our DES Y3 result under the assumption of ÎCDM is found to be in statistical agreement with Planck 2018, although favors a lower S8 than the CMB-inferred value by 2.3Ï (a p-value of 0.02). This paper explores the robustness of these cosmic shear results to modeling of intrinsic alignments, the matter power spectrum and baryonic physics. We additionally explore the statistical preference of our data for intrinsic alignment models of different complexity. The fiducial cosmic shear model is tested using synthetic data, and we report no biases greater than 0.3Ï in the plane of S8ĂÏm caused by uncertainties in the theoretical models
Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Curved-sky weak lensing mass map reconstruction
We present reconstructed convergence maps, mass maps, from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) third year (Y3) weak gravitational lensing data set. The mass maps are weighted projections of the density field (primarily dark matter) in the foreground of the observed galaxies. We use four reconstruction methods, each is a maximum a posteriori estimate with a different model for the prior probability of the map: Kaiser-Squires, null B-mode prior, Gaussian prior, and a sparsity prior. All methods are implemented on the celestial sphere to accommodate the large sky coverage of the DES Y3 data. We compare the methods using realistic \u39bCDM simulations with mock data that are closely matched to the DES Y3 data. We quantify the performance of the methods at the map level and then apply the reconstruction methods to the DES Y3 data, performing tests for systematic error effects. The maps are compared with optical foreground cosmic-web structures and are used to evaluate the lensing signal from cosmic-void profiles. The recovered dark matter map covers the largest sky fraction of any galaxy weak lensing map to date
Sex and sexuality: An evolutionary view
In this article, I first offer a summary of Darwinâs main ideas, especially relating to sex, and explain how these have been elaborated by more recent evolutionary scholars. I then give an account of the historical divergence between psychoanalysis and classical Darwinian thought, and describe how the early psychoanalyst Sabina Spielrein tried to counter this by addressing some biological themes in her work. Following a review of some contemporary attempts to bring psychoanalysis and evolutionary thought into alignment with each other, I make some suggestions regarding a view of sex and sexuality that would be sound in evolutionary terms while also being helpful in psychoanalytic ones
Adherence measurements and corrosion resistance in primer/hot-dip galvanized steel systems
This paper focuses on the adherence during ageing of a primer (made of polyester resins crosslinked with melamine) applied onto hot-dip galvanized (HDG) steel for coil coating application and its influence on corrosion protection. A chromium-free surface treatment, composed of fluorotitanic acid, phosphoric acid, manganese phosphate, and vinylphenol was applied on the HDG steel to obtain high corrosion resistance and high adherence of a polyester and melamine primer. The influence of the manganese phosphate on the corrosion and adherence was investigated. To measure the adherence between the metal and the primer, a three-point flexure test was set up. The adherence was then linked with corrosion resistance during ageing, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Cosmic shear in harmonic space from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Data: compatibility with configuration space results
The Dark Energy Survey Year 3 and eBOSS: constraining galaxy intrinsic alignments across luminosity and colour space
We present direct constraints on galaxy intrinsic alignments using the Dark
Energy Survey Year 3 (DES Y3), the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic
Survey (eBOSS) and its precursor, the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey
(BOSS). Our measurements incorporate photometric red sequence (redMaGiC)
galaxies from DES with median redshift , luminous red galaxies
(LRGs) from eBOSS at , and also a SDSS-III BOSS CMASS sample at
. We measure two point intrinsic alignment correlations, which we fit
using a model that includes lensing, magnification and photometric redshift
error. Fitting on scales Mpc, we make a detection of
intrinsic alignments in each sample, at (assuming a simple
one parameter model for IAs). Using these red samples, we measure the
IA-luminosity relation. Our results are statistically consistent with previous
results, but offer a significant improvement in constraining power,
particularly at low luminosity. With this improved precision, we see detectable
dependence on colour between broadly defined red samples. It is likely that a
more sophisticated approach than a binary red/blue split, which jointly
considers colour and luminosity dependence in the IA signal, will be needed in
future. We also compare the various signal components at the best fitting point
in parameter space for each sample, and find that magnification and lensing
contribute of the total signal. As precision continues to improve,
it will certainly be necessary to account for these effects in future direct IA
measurements. Finally, we make equivalent measurements on a sample of Emission
Line Galaxies (ELGs) from eBOSS at . We report a null detection,
constraining the IA amplitude (assuming the nonlinear alignment model) to be
( at CL).Comment: Submitted to MNRAS; 22 pages, 11 figure
Cosmic Shear in Harmonic Space from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Data: Compatibility with Configuration Space Results
We perform a cosmic shear analysis in harmonic space using the first year of
data collected by the Dark Energy Survey (DES-Y1). We measure the cosmic weak
lensing shear power spectra using the Metacalibration catalogue and perform a
likelihood analysis within the framework of CosmoSIS. We set scale cuts based
on baryonic effects contamination and model redshift and shear calibration
uncertainties as well as intrinsic alignments. We adopt as fiducial covariance
matrix an analytical computation accounting for the mask geometry in the
Gaussian term, including non-Gaussian contributions. A suite of 1200 lognormal
simulations is used to validate the harmonic space pipeline and the covariance
matrix. We perform a series of stress tests to gauge the robustness of the
harmonic space analysis. Finally, we use the DES-Y1 pipeline in configuration
space to perform a similar likelihood analysis and compare both results,
demonstrating their compatibility in estimating the cosmological parameters
, and . The methods implemented and validated in this
paper will allow us to perform a consistent harmonic space analysis in the
upcoming DES data.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures. This version matches the published on
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