Comunidades atlánticas: asimetrías y convergencias

El artículo explora la idea de que estamos asistiendo a la aparición de una serie de iniciativas en ambos lados del Atlántico, tanto en el Norte como en el Sur, y que estas comunidades atlánticas podrían llegar a converger hacia la formación de una Comunidad Atlántica de pleno derecho; un objetivo muy distinto en alcance y profundidad al planteado bajo el mismo nombre tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial, el cual todavía perdura a día de hoy. La presentación aborda ambos lados de la cuestión. En primer lugar, ¿qué explicaciones pueden justificar la longevidad y exclusividad de la Comunidad Atlántica existente? En segundo lugar, ¿de dónde proceden las nuevas iniciativas, y cómo pueden relacionarse para propiciar la emergencia de una Comunidad Atlántica ampliada e inclusiva? En este sentido, el enfoque general es sin lugar a dudas constructivista

Relating Water and Otolith Chemistry in Chesapeake Bay, and Their Potential to Identify Essential Seagrass Habitats for Juveniles of an Estuarine-Dependent Fish, Spotted Seatrout (\u3ci\u3eCynoscion nebulosus\u3c/i\u3e)

A quantitative understanding of habitat use of estuarine-dependent fishes is critical to the conservation of their most essential habitats. Because recruitment and fitness may be influenced by the quality of juvenile habitats, developing methods to quantify habitat-specific survivorship is pivotal to such understanding. An initial step to quantify survivorship is to validate the habitat-specific natural tags contained in otoliths. To this aim I investigated the variability in the chemistry of surface waters and otoliths of juvenile spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus, in five seagrass habitats of Chesapeake Bay, namely: Potomac, Rappahannock, York, Island, and Eastern Shore. I measured Mg, Ca, Mn, Sr, Ba, and La in water and otoliths by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and δ13C and δ18O in otoliths using an automated carbonate analyzer. Multivariate analyses of variance and regressions were used to test the hypothesis that otoliths accurately record the chemistry of natal habitats of juveniles, whereas cross-validated k-nearest neighbor functions were derived to discriminate habitats based on water and otolith chemistry. Concentration of Mg, Mn, Sr, and Ba in water was significantly different between habitats independent of temporal variation. Classification accuracy of water samples was low in Rappahannock (37%), moderate in Potomac and Eastern Shore (60–70%), and high in York and Island (81–82%) habitats. Weighted regressions showed that salinity could predict accurately [Ba/Ca]otolith and [La/Ca]otolith. There was a positive correlation between [Ba/Ca]otolith and [Ba/Ca]water, but the relation was not linear as previously found in laboratory experiments. Contrary to expectation, [Sr/Ca]otolith did not correlate with water chemistry, however there was a predictive relation between [δ18O]otolith and [Sr/Ca]water. Otolith microchemistry of juveniles collected in 1998 and 2001 was significantly different among habitats within and between years, but the ability of trace elements to allocate individual fish to natal habitats was variable (0–82%). However, the combination of [Ba/Ca], [Mn/Ca], with δ13C and δ18O in 2001 otoliths significantly improved classification rates, allowing 82–100% accuracy. These results showed that otolith microchemistry might be useful in identifying specific seagrass beds in Chesapeake Bay, with the potential of being used as natural tag to quantify survivorship and to determine essential habitats for juvenile spotted seatrout

A multi-dimensional model of passive MESFETS for use in non-linear microwave signal processing

A multi-dimensional model which accurately predicts device non-linearities over frequency and power has been developed for MESFETs used in a passive configuration in microwave signal processing applications. Historically, MESFETs have been used in linear control applications as passive microwave switches and attenuators. More recently, MESFETs operated as passive elements have been employed as power-sensitive non-linear transfer function generators to produce limiters, phase shifters, and linearizers. These devices offer simplicity, high performance, and the opportunity for application in MMIC technology. This thesis deals with a mapping of passive MESFET non-linear characteristics, and provides insight into the causes of non-linearity in MESFETs when operated as control elements at near zero drain voltage. Five unique operating modes are identified, and discussed in terms of their equivalent circuit models. This work also deals with computer aided model extraction and non-linear simulation of MESFET characteristics, and presents a multi-dimensional lumped element model which accurately predicts device non-linearity over a wide range of power (-35 to \u3e 10 dBm) and frequency (.1 to \u3e 18 GHz). The application of this model to the design of a traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA) linearizer is demonstrated. The model allows linearized TWTA transfer characteristics and two-tone carrier-to-intermodulation (C/I) performance to be predicted using standard CAD software

The U.S., their Reluctant Satellites, and the Issue of Deep Integration in the Americas

1. What is the meaning of "deep integration" in North America?; 2. The U.S. strategy and other FTAS in North America; Conclusion

Alien Registration- Dorval, Marie (Waterville, Kennebec County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/15388/thumbnail.jp

Should Employers Have the Ability to Monitor Their Employees Electronically?

The purpose of this paper is to answer the question of whether or not employers should have the ability to electronically monitor their employees in the workplace. It stresses both the monitoring of computers, and also telephone wiretapping. The topic is examined through a legal, behavioral, and ethical perspective, to gain a more complete idea of the extent of the concern with electronic monitoring. Court cases were used to explain the different facets of the legal struggle between the employer’s right to monitor and the employee’s right to privacy. Several theories, including panoptic theory, were used to explain the behavioral effects of employer surveillance. Finally, the ethical issues with regards to electronic monitoring were explained through the idea of social control, and the balance of the needs of the employer and the needs of the employee

Hubble-Lema\^itre fragmentation and the path to equilibrium of merger-driven cluster formation

This paper discusses a new method to generate self-coherent initial conditions for young substructured stellar cluster. The expansion of a uniform system allows stellar sub-structures (clumps) to grow from fragmentation modes by adiabatic cooling. We treat the system mass elements as stars, chosen according to a Salpeter mass function, and the time-evolution is performed with a collisional N-body integrator. This procedure allows to create a fully-coherent relation between the clumps' spatial distribution and the underlying velocity field. The cooling is driven by the gravitational field, as in a cosmological Hubble-Lema\^itre flow. The fragmented configuration has a `fractal'-like geometry but with a self-grown velocity field and mass profile. We compare the characteristics of the stellar population in clumps with that obtained from hydrodynamical simulations and find a remarkable correspondence between the two in terms of the stellar content and the degree of spatial mass-segregation. In the fragmented configuration, the IMF power index is ~0.3 lower in clumps in comparison to the field stellar population, in agreement with observations in the Milky Way. We follow in time the dynamical evolution of fully fragmented and sub-virial configurations, and find a soft collapse, leading rapidly to equilibrium (timescale of 1 Myr for a ~ 10^4 Msun system). The low-concentration equilibrium implies that the dynamical evolution including massive stars is less likely to induce direct collisions and the formation of exotic objects. Low-mass stars already ejected from merging clumps are depleted in the end-result stellar clusters, which harbour a top-heavy stellar mass function.Comment: 22 pages, accepted for publication in MNRA