The use of methylprednisolone versus diclofenac in the treatment of inflammation and trismus after surgical removal of lower third molars

Objective: To compare the efficacy of methylprednisolone (corticoid)versus diclofenac (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory -NSAID-) in the treatment of inflammation and trismus after the surgical removal of lower third molars. Study design: Prospective study on 73 patients for the surgical removal of their lower third molars. These patients were separated in two groups at ramdom: the diclofenac group and the methylprednisolone group. A record card was filled in with preoperative and postoperative epidemiological and clinic data about inflammation and trismus (three facial measures and mouth opening). In order to make a broad study of data, BMDP program was used for statistics. Results: 24 hours after surgery, patients in the diclofenac group showed a more severe inflammation in one of the facial measurements (p<0.05). Trismus was very similar in both groups. Conclusions: There were no differences in trismus depending on the antiinflammatory used. Patients in the corticoid group showed less inflammation but the difference was not as important as to justify their use

Eficacia analgésica de diclofenaco versus metilprednisolona en el control del dolor postoperatorio tras la cirugía del tercer molar inferior

Objetivo: Comparar la eficacia analgésica de la metilprednisolona (corticoide) versus diclofenaco (antiinflamatorio no esteroideo-AINE-) tras la cirugía del tercer molar inferior. Diseño del estudio: Estudio prospectivo sobre 73 pacientes sometidos a la extracción quirúrgica de los terceros molares inferiores. Fueron divididos de forma aleatoria en dos grupos: De diclofenaco y de metilprednisolona. Se cumplimentó una ficha donde se hizo constar los datos epidemiológicos y clínicos preoperatorios y postoperatorios. La valoración del dolor se hizo mediante escala visual analógica y semicuantitativa y número de analgésicos de rescate consumidos. El control del dolor se hizo en la primera hora, a las 8 horas, 24 horas, 48 y 72 horas. Se usó el programa estadístico BMDP para hacer un amplio tratamiento de los datos. Resultados: En el dolor reflejado por los pacientes en la escala visual analógica no hubo diferencias de conjunto entre los dos grupos (aunque sí las hubo en ciertos momentos). Tampoco hubo diferencias en el número de analgésicos de rescate consumidos. Conclusiones. La reducción del dolor que se consigue con el corticoide no es significativa por lo que no está justificado su uso rutinario.Objetive: To compare the analgesic efficacy of methylprednisolone (corticoid) versus diclofenac (nonsteroidal antiinflammatory- NSAID-) after surgical removal of lower third molars. Study Design: Prospective study on 73 patients for the surgical removal of their lower third molars. These patients were separated in two groups at random: a diclofenac group and a methylprednisolone group. A record card was filled in with preoperative and postoperative epidemiological and clinic data. The pain level assessment was made on a semiquantitative and an analogical visual scales and in relation to the amount of rescue analgesics consumed. Pain levels were measured at 1, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours. In order to make a broad study of data, BMDP program was used for statistics. Results: In the pain described by patients in the analogical visual scale there were no differences between groups as a whole. There were no differences in the amount of rescue analgesics consumed. Conclusions. There is less pain in the corticoid group but not as to justify its routine use

Variations of interleukin-6 after surgical removal of lower third molars

Objectives: To determine if there is a release of IL-6 after surgical removal of lower third molars and to compare the amount of IL-6 in patients treated with NSAID and in those treated with glucocorticoids. Study Design: Prospective study on 73 patients who attended the Oral Surgery Unit (Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery) in the Faculty of Odontology of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid for the surgical removal of their lower third molars. These patients were separated into two groups: the diclofenac group and the methylprednisolone group. A record card was completed with preoperative and postoperative epidemiological and clinic data. Samples of gingival crevicular fluid were collected in order to assess the release of interleukin-6 after surgery. In order to make a broad study of data, the BMDP program was used for statistical analysis. Results: Levels of IL-6 were higher after surgical extraction of lower third molars and remained high until the seventh day after. Levels were higher in the diclofenac group 24 hours after surgery, the difference was significant (0.008). Conclusions: IL-6 is higher after surgical extraction of lower third molars, behaving differently in each of the groups

Uso de metilprednisolona versus diclofenaco en el control de la inflamación y el trismo tras la cirugía del tercer molar inferior

Objetivo: Comparar el efecto sobre la inflamación y el trismo de la metilprednisolona (corticoide) versus diclofenaco (antiinflamatorio no esteroideo-AINE-) tras la cirugía del tercer molar inferior. Diseño del estudio: Estudio prospectivo sobre 73 pacientes sometidos a la extracción quirúrgica de los terceros molares inferiores. Fueron divididos de forma aleatoria en dos grupos: De diclofenaco y de metilprednisolona. Se cumplimentó una ficha donde se hizo constar los datos epidemiológicos y clínicos preoperatorios y postoperatorios en relación a la inflamación y el trismo (tres medidas faciales y apertura bucal). Se usó el programa estadístico BMDP para hacer un amplio tratamiento de los datos. Resultados: A las 24 horas el grupo tratado con diclofenaco presentaba mayor inflamación en una de las medidas faciales (p<0.05), no así en las otras dos medidas. El trismo se comportó de forma similar en ambos grupos. Conclusiones: No se encontraron diferencias en el trismo según el antiinflamatorio usado y aunque la inflamación fue algo menor en el grupo de experimentación tratado con corticoides la diferencia no fue tan significativa como para justificar su uso.Objective: To compare the efficacy of methylprednisolone (corticoid)versus diclofenac (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory -NSAID-) in the treatment of inflammation and trismus after the surgical removal of lower third molars. Study design: Prospective study on 73 patients for the surgical removal of their lower third molars. These patients were separated in two groups at ramdom: the diclofenac group and the methylprednisolone group. A record card was filled in with preoperative and postoperative epidemiological and clinic data about inflammation and trismus (three facial measures and mouth opening). In order to make a broad study of data, BMDP program was used for statistics. Results: 24 hours after surgery, patients in the diclofenac group showed a more severe inflammation in one of the facial measurements (p<0.05). Trismus was very similar in both groups. Conclusions: There were no differences in trismus depending on the antiinflammatory used. Patients in the corticoid group showed less inflammation but the difference was not as important as to justify their use

Social demand in ambulatory oral surgery. Experience in the Master of Oral Surgery of Madrid Complutense University (Spain)

Objectives. An evaluation is made of the surgical activity in the context of the Master of Oral Surgery (Madrid Complutense University, Madrid, Spain), together with an analysis of social demand in ambulatory oral surgery. Study design. A descriptive statistical analysis (frequency and contingency tables) is made of the different parameters relating to the activity carried out in this postgraduate master during two academic years. Results. A total of 6750 interventions were carried out in 5877 patients. Females predominated over males (62% versus 38%), and 59.2% of the subjects were in the 21-40 years age range. The most common procedure was tooth extraction (91%); of these, 83.5% corresponded to molars. Other extractions accounted for 5.5%, while impacted canines represented 1.2% of the interventions, cyst removal 1.2%, and periapical surgery 0.5%. Conclusions. Our results show third molar extraction to be the most commonly demanded intervention in ambulatory oral surgery

Clinical and radiological course in apicoectomies with the Erbium : YAG LASER

Objective. A study is made of the efficacy of the Erbium:YAG laser in granulomatous periapical lesions, based on clinical and radiographic controls. Material and methods. The study comprised a series of 45 patients amenable to periapical surgical treatment of incisors, canines and premolars. A conventional surgical technique was used, with silver amalgam retrograde filling and irradiation of the bone defect and remnant root cement with the Erbium:YAG laser. Clinical and radiographic controls were made during 24 months, assessing the absence of symptoms and the presence of pain, swelling or fistula and ossification of the lesions, respectively. Results. The clinical course proved asymptomatic in 95.5% of the cases. As regards remodeling of the bone cavity, 77.7% had completed ossification after 24 months, 13.3% were in an advanced stage of ossification and 4.5% in an intermediate stage, while 4.5% showed treatment failure. Conclusions. The combination of silver amalgam and irradiation with the Erbium:YAG laser in periapical surgery showed a very high clinical success rate, with a 77.7% bone cavity remodeling rate after 24 months

Influence of smoking upon the postoperative course of lower third molar surgery

Objectives: To determine whether smoking influences the postoperative course (pain and trismus) of lower third molar surgery, with a clinical evaluation of surgical wound condition and analysis of the possible differences between smokers and nonsmokers. Design: The study subjects were randomly distributed into two groups (smokers and nonsmokers) and subjected to lower third molar extraction in the Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Madrid Complutense University, Spain). The study variables were trismus after 7 days, the intensity of pain and the need for rescue medication during a period of one week. The surgical wound was also assessed (color, presence of plaque, etc.). Results: Two cases of postoperative infection were documented among the smokers, and postoperative trismus was found to be greater among the latter (p=0.05). Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of pain, though trismus was greater among the smokers. Smoking did not influence wound condition (color, marginal inflammation, appositioning of the margins, ulceration, etc.)

Influencia del hábito tabáquico en el postoperatorio de la cirugía del tercer molar inferior

Objetivos: Determinar si tras la cirugía del tercer molar inferior el tabaco influye en el postoperatorio (dolor y trismo) y valorar clínicamente el estado de la herida, analizando las posibles diferencias entre fumadores y no fumadores. Diseño del estudio: Los pacientes que participaron en el estudio fueron distribuidos de forma aleatoria en dos grupos: Fumadores y no fumadores. Se les realizó la extracción quirúrgica de los terceros molares inferiores en la Unidad de Cirugía Bucal y Maxilofacial de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Las variables registradas fueron el trismo a los 7 días, la intensidad del dolor y la necesidad de medicación de rescate durante un periodo de una semana. Se analizó también el estado de la herida (coloración, presencia de placa, etc.) Resultados: Hubo dos casos de infección postoperatoria en el grupo de pacientes fumadores. El trismo postoperatorio fue mayor en los fumadores (p=0.05) Conclusiones: No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a dolor, pero sí se observó un mayor trismo en el grupo de fumadores. El tabaco no influyó en el estado de la herida ( color, inflamación de los bordes, confrontación de los mismos, ulceración, etc.).Objectives: To determine whether smoking influences the postoperative course (pain and trismus) of lower third molar surgery, with a clinical evaluation of surgical wound condition and analysis of the possible differences between smokers and nonsmokers. Design: The study subjects were randomly distributed into two groups (smokers and nonsmokers) and subjected to lower third molar extraction in the Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Madrid Complutense University, Spain). The study variables were trismus after 7 days, the intensity of pain and the need for rescue medication during a period of one week. The surgical wound was also assessed (color, presence of plaque, etc.). Results: Two cases of postoperative infection were documented among the smokers, and postoperative trismus was found to be greater among the latter (p=0.05). Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of pain, though trismus was greater among the smokers. Smoking did not influence wound condition (color, marginal inflammation, appositioning of the margins, ulceration, etc.)

Efectos esterilizantes del láser Erbium:Yag sobre las estructuras dentarias: estudio in vitro

Objetivo: Comprobar el efecto esterilizante del láser de Erbium:YAG, a diferentes potencias, en dientes in vitro Diseño del estudio: Estudio in vitro sobre 47 dientes unirradiculares extraídos por motivos periodontales en la Unidad Docente de Cirugía Bucal y Maxilofacial (Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Bucofacial) de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Las muestras fueron divididas en tres grupos de irradiación con láser (250mJ, 350mJ y 450mJ) y un grupo control -no irradiados-. A continuación se introdujeron en un medio de enriquecimiento durante 72 horas en anaerobiosis, realizando controles visuales a las 24, 48 y 72 horas. Y posteriormente se realizaron cultivos microbiológicos en agar sangre, para confirmar los resultados de los controles visuales. Resultados: Se observa como a medida que aumenta la potencia de irradiación con el láser hay un mayor porcentaje de esterilización de las muestras, existiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo control y cualquiera de los grupos láser. Conclusiones: El láser de Erbium:YAG presenta efecto esterilizante sobre las estructuras dentarias in vitro, que se va incrementando a medida que aumenta la potencia de aplicación del mismo.Aim: An evaluation was made of the sterilizing effects of the Erbium:YAG laser at different power ratings upon dental structures in vitro. Design: An in vitro study was made of 47 single-root teeth removed for periodontal reasons in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Teaching Unit (Department of Medicine and Orofacial Surgery, Madrid Complutense University Dental School, Spain). The teeth were divided into three laser irradiation groups (250, 350 and 450 mJ) and a non-irradiated control group. The teeth were then immersed in an enrichment medium for 72 hours under conditions of anaerobiosis, with visual controls after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Posteriorly, microbiological cultures were made in blood agar to confirm the results of the visual inspections. Results: Increased percentage sterilization of the samples was recorded with increasing irradiation power - statistically significant differences being observed between all irradiated groups versus the controls. Conclusions: The Erbium:YAG laser exerts a sterilizing effect upon dental structures in vitro. This effect increases with increasing laser power ratings

New pre-coded food record form validation

Introduction: For some research fields, simple and accurate food intake quantification tools are needed. The aim of the present work was to design a new self-administered and pre-coded food intake record form and assess its reliability and validity when quantifying the food intake of adult population, in terms of food or food-groups portions. Material and Methods: First of all, a new food-record form was designed, which included food usually consumed and which sought to be easy-to-use, short, and intuitive. The validation process consisted in analyzing both the reliability and validity of the tool’s design in a representative population sample (n=330; age: 19-77). Reliability was checked by comparing (Spearman’s CC, ICC) food intake (mean value of portions) between two series of five-day food records in a one-month period. Validity was checked by comparing the food intake mean value of two records to results obtained from a gold standard (24-hour recall). Results: 73.7% of the food from the record presented correlations higher than 0.5 for reliability (ICCs from 0.38 to 0.94) and 97.4% showed higher values than 0.7 and 68.4% than 0.8 for validity (ICCs from 0.28 to 0.97). Conclusions: The solid correlation coefficients and ICCs obtained indicate that this is a reliable tool for the quantification of food intake in adults in terms of food or food group portions