1,219 research outputs found
Early resistance change and stress/electromigration evolution in near bamboo interconnects
A complete description for early resistance change and mechanical stress evolution in near-bamboo interconnects, related to the electromigration, is given in this paper. The proposed model, for the first time, combines the stress/vacancy concentration evolution with the early resistance change of the Al line with a near-bamboo microstructure, which has been proven to be a fast technique for prediction of the MTF of a line compared to the conventional (accelerated) stres
Quantum chaos algorithms and dissipative decoherence with quantum trajectories
Using the methods of quantum trajectories we investigate the effects of
dissipative decoherence in a quantum computer algorithm simulating dynamics in
various regimes of quantum chaos including dynamical localization, quantum
ergodic regime and quasi-integrable motion.
As an example we use the quantum sawtooth algorithm which can be implemented
in a polynomial number of quantum gates.
It is shown that the fidelity of quantum computation decays exponentially
with time and that the decay rate is proportional to the number of qubits,
number of quantum gates and per gate dissipation rate induced by external
decoherence.
In the limit of strong dissipation the quantum algorithm generates a quantum
attractor which may have complex or simple structure.
We also compare the effects of dissipative decoherence with the effects of
static imperfections.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figs, research at http://www.quantware.ups-tlse.f
On the detection of myocardial scar based on ECG/VCG analysis
In this paper, we address the problem of detecting the presence of myocardial scar from standard ECG/VCG recordings, giving effort to develop a screening system for the early detection of scar in the point-of-care. Based on the pathophysiological implications of scarred myocardium, which results in disordered electrical conduction, we have implemented four distinct ECG signal processing methodologies in order to obtain a set of features that can capture the presence of myocardial scar. Two of these methodologies: a.) the use of a template ECG heartbeat, from records with scar absence coupled with Wavelet coherence analysis and b.) the utilization of the VCG are novel approaches for detecting scar presence. Following, the pool of extracted features is utilized to formulate an SVM classification model through supervised learning. Feature selection is also employed to remove redundant features and maximize the classifier's performance. Classification experiments using 260 records from three different databases reveal that the proposed system achieves 89.22% accuracy when applying 10- fold cross validation, and 82.07% success rate when testing it on databases with different inherent characteristics with similar levels of sensitivity (76%) and specificity (87.5%)
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN NELAYAN IKAN TUNA (Thunus albacares) DI PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN (PPI) OEBA KELURAHAN FATUBESI KECAMATAN KOTA LAMA KOTA KUPANG
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa besar tingkat pendapatan nelayan ikan tuna diPangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Oeba dan cara Penanganan ikan tuna setelah ditangkap sebelumdijual untuk ekspor.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan dan kuantitatifsedangkan data pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara dan dokumentasiPopulasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 24 kapal nelayan dengan sampel yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini sebanyak 4 kapal nelayan. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan purposivesampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi metode kepustakaanHasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah total hasil tangkap ikan tuna bulan Juli 2018 sebanyak581 ekor dengan berat total 14.030 Kg dan berat rata-rata 24,15 Kg/ekor. Total hasil tangkapan ikantuna untuk ekspor adalah 308 ekor dengan berat total 10.230 Kg dan nilai jual Rp.398.977.800,- Totalhasil tangkapan ikan tuna non ekspor adalah 273 ekor dengan berat total 3.800 Kg dan nilai jualRp.131.430.000,- Total hasil tangkapan ikan tuna untuk Ekspor dan Non Ekspor adalah 581 ekordengan berat total 14.030 Kg dan nilai jual Rp. 448.377.800,- Rata-rata biaya operasional yangdibutuhkan setiap kapal penangkap ikan tuna dalam satu trip penangkapan adalah sebesarRp.9.044.500,- Rata-rata pendapatan nelayan ikan tuna di PPI Oeba bulan Juni 2018 untuk PemilikKapal adalah sebesar Rp.23.501.363,- untuk Nahkoda sebesar Rp.6.259.846,- dan untuk ABK sebesarRp.3.131.262,- Nelayan dalam usaha penangkapan ikan Tuna telah melakukan langkah-langkahpenanganan ikan Tuna di atas kapal untuk menghindari kerusakan ikan dan berusaha memenuhikualitas ekspor.Disarankan Peningkatan kualitas hasil tangkapan harus dilakukan untuk meningkatkan jumlah ikantuna berkualitas ekspor untuk meningkatkan total penerimaan penjualan ikan yang akan berpengaruhterhadap pendapatan bersih nelaya
Pramlintide, the synthetic analogue of amylin: physiology, pathophysiology, and effects on glycemic control, body weight, and selected biomarkers of vascular risk
Pramlintide is a synthetic version of the naturally occurring pancreatic peptide called amylin. Amylin and pramlintide have similar effects on lowering postprandial glucose, lowering postprandial glucagon and delaying gastric emptying. Pramlintide use in type 1 and insulin requiring type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with modest reductions in HbA1c often accompanied by weight loss. Limited data show a neutral effect on blood pressure. Small studies suggest small reductions in LDL-cholesterol in type 2 DM and modest reductions in triglycerides in type 1 DM. Markers of oxidation are also reduced in conjunction with reductions in postprandial glucose. Nausea is the most common side effect. These data indicate that pramlintide has a role in glycemic control of both type 1 and type 2 DM. Pramlintide use is associated with favorable effects on weight, lipids and other biomarkers for atherosclerotic disease
Ascaroside Signaling Is Widely Conserved among Nematodes
Background: Nematodes are among the most successful animals on earth and include important human pathogens, yet little is known about nematode pheromone systems. A group of small molecules called ascarosides has been found to mediate mate finding, aggregation, and developmental diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans, but it is unknown whether ascaroside signaling exists outside of the genus Caenorhabditis.
Results: To determine whether ascarosides are used as signaling molecules by other nematode species, we performed a mass spectrometry-based screen for ascarosides in secretions from a variety of both free-living and parasitic (plant, insect, and animal) nematodes. We found that most of the species analyzed, including nematodes from several different clades, produce species-specific ascaroside mixtures. In some cases, ascaroside biosynthesis patterns appear to correlate with phylogeny, whereas in other cases, biosynthesis seems to correlate with lifestyle and ecological niche. We further show that ascarosides mediate distinct nematode behaviors, such as retention, avoidance, and long-range attraction, and that different nematode species respond to distinct, but overlapping, sets of ascarosides.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that nematodes utilize a conserved family of signaling molecules despite having evolved to occupy diverse ecologies. Their structural features and level of conservation are evocative of bacterial quorum sensing, where acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are both produced and sensed by many species of gram-negative bacteria. The identification of species-specific ascaroside profiles may enable pheromone-based approaches to interfere with reproduction and survival of parasitic nematodes, which are responsible for significant agricultural losses and many human diseases worldwide
Locally Optimally Emitting Clouds and the Origin of Quasar Emission Lines
The similarity of quasar line spectra has been taken as an indication that
the emission line clouds have preferred parameters, suggesting that the
environment is subject to a fine tuning process. We show here that the observed
spectrum is a natural consequence of powerful selection effects. We computed a
large grid of photoionization models covering the widest possible range of
cloud gas density and distance from the central continuum source. For each line
only a narrow range of density and distance from the continuum source results
in maximum reprocessing efficiency, corresponding to ``locally
optimally-emitting clouds'' (LOC). These parameters depend on the ionization
and excitation potentials of the line, and its thermalization density. The mean
QSO line spectrum can be reproduced by simply adding together the full family
of clouds, with an appropriate covering fraction distribution. The observed
quasar spectrum is a natural consequence of the ability of various clouds to
reprocess the underlying continuum, and can arise in a chaotic environment with
no preferred pressure, gas density, or ionization parameter.Comment: 9 pages including 1 ps figure. LaTeX format using aaspp4.st
The natural history of EGFR and EGFRvIII in glioblastoma patients
BACKGROUND: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is over expressed in approximately 50–60% of glioblastoma (GBM) tumors, and the most common EGFR mutant, EGFRvIII, is expressed in 24–67% of cases. This study was designed to address whether over expressed EGFR or EGFRvIII is an actual independent prognostic indicator of overall survival in a uniform body of patients in whom gross total surgical resection (GTR; ≥ 95% resection) was not attempted or achieved. METHODS: Biopsed or partially/subtotally resected GBM patients (N = 54) underwent adjuvant conformal radiation and chemotherapy. Their EGFR and EGFRvIII status was determined by immunohistochemistry and Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival were obtained. RESULTS: In our study of GBM patients with less than GTR, 42.6% (n = 23) failed to express EGFR, 25.9% (n = 14) had over expression of the wild-type EGFR only and 31.5 % (n = 17) expressed the EGFRvIII. Patients within groups expressing the EGFR, EGFRvIII, or lacking EGFR expression did not differ in age, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) score, extent of tumor resection. They all had received postoperative radiation and chemotherapy. The median overall survival times for patients with tumors having no EGFR expression, over expressed EGFR only, or EGFRvIII were 12.3 (95% CI, 8.04–16.56), 11.03 (95% CI, 10.18–11.89) and 14.07 (95% CI, 7.39–20.74) months, respectively, log rank test p > 0.05). Patients with tumors that over expressed the EGFR and EGFRvIII were more likely to present with ependymal spread, 21.4% and 35.3% respectively, compared to those patients whose GBM failed to express either marker, 13.0%, although the difference was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in multifocal disease or gliomatosis cerebri among EGFR expression groups. CONCLUSION: The over expressed wild-type EGFR and EGFRvIII are not independent predictors of median overall survival in the cohort of patients who did not undergo extensive tumor resection
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