Influence of hypoandrogenism in skin wound healing resistance in rats

Objective: The objective of the present study is to verify the effect of testosterone depletion on healing of surgical skin wounds at different ages and postoperative times. Methods: Forty-four Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: Group 1y (n = 11) – young control, sham-operated rats (30 days-old); Group 1A (n = 10) – adult control, sham-operated rats (three to four months old); Group 2Y (n = 10) – young rats after bilateral orchiectomy; and Group 2A (n = 11) – adult rats after bilateral orchiectomy. After six months, a linear incision was performed on the dorsal region of the animals. The resistance of the wound healing was measured in a skin fragment with a tensiometer, on the 7th and 21st postoperative days. Rresults: The wound healing resistance was higher in Group 1Y than in Group 2Y after seven days (p < 0.05). Wound healing resistance at 21 days was higher than at seven days in all groups (p < 0.05). Late wound healing resistance was not different between young and adult rats. Cconclusions: Bilateral orchiectomy decreased the wound healing resistance only in young animals at the seventh postoperative day

Is there a relationship between lipids metabolism and splenic surgeries? Existe relação entre o metabolismo lipídico e as cirurgias esplênicas?

PURPOSE: To assess the influence of spleen surgeries (splenectomy, presence of spleen and after conservative surgeries) on lipids metabolism. METHODS: Fifty female Wistar rats of similar weight and age were divided into five groups submitted to the following procedures: Group 1 - control, with an intact spleen; Group 2 - sham operation, Group 3 - total splenectomy; Group 4 - subtotal splenectomy, and Group 5 - total splenectomy complemented with autogenous spleen tissue implants. Four months after the interventions, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions (VLDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol) were determined. The results for the four groups were compared by analysis of variance followed by the Tukey-Kramer test, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: There were no differences between groups 1, 2, 4 and 5. In the animals submitted to total splenectomy, total cholesterol (p=0.0151) and LDL-cholesterol fraction concentrations (p<0.0001) were higher, whereas HDL-cholesterol fraction concentrations were lower (p=0.0026) than those detected in the other groups. There was no difference in triglycerides (p=0.1571) or VLDL-cholesterol (p=0.2527) between groups. CONCLUSION: Splenectomy is related to changes in the lipid metabolism that are reverted by autogenous spleen tissue implants.<br>OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência das cirurgias esplênicas (esplenectomia, presença do baço e cirurgias conservadoras) sobre o metabolismo de lipídios. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 50 ratos fêmea Wistar de peso e idades semelhantes distribuídas em quatro grupos: Grupo 1 - controle, com baço íntegro; Grupo 2 - laparotomia e laparorrafia, Grupo 3 - esplenectomia total; Grupo 4 - esplenectomia subtotal e Grupo 5 - esplenectomia total complementada por implantes de tecido esplênico autógeno. Após quatro meses, foram dosados os níveis séricos de triglicérides, colesterol total e suas frações VLDL, LDL, HDL. Os resultados dos quatro grupos foram comparados entre si pela análise de variância, seguido pelo teste de Tukey-Kramer, com significância para p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença entre os grupos 1, 2, 3 e 4. Nos animais submetidos à esplenectomia total, as concentrações de colesterol total (p=0,0151) e de sua fração LDL (p<0,0001) foram maiores, enquanto a fração HDL foi menor (p=0,0026) do que as encontradas nos demais grupos. Não houve diferença entre os grupos com relação aos triglicérides (p=0,1571) e VLDL (p=0,2527). CONCLUSÃO: A esplenectomia leva a alterações do metabolismo lipídico que são revertidas pelo implante de tecido esplênico autógeno

Morphological, metabolic and functional repercussions after orchiectomy in rats

Objective: To study the modifications in lipid profile, blood glucose and pressure, and morphological aspects of the adrenal gland in animals with hypogonadism secondary to total bilateral epididymectomy and orchiectomy. Methods: Young and adult male Wistar rats were distributed into the following groups: Group 1 – control, animals submitted only to scrotal incision and suture. Group 2 – animals submitted to total bilateral epididymectomy and orchiectomy. After these operations, studies were carried out to analyze possible repercussions of hypogonadism. In Study A, serum levels of free testosterone were measured, along with the body weight and cortical thickness of the adrenal gland of 30 adult rats. In Study B, serum values of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HDL, LDL and VLDL fractions were measured in 20 young rats and 10 adult rats. In Study C, pressure of the caudal artery was measured by plethysmography in 24 adult animals. Rresults: Total bilateral epididymectomy and orchiectomy reduced serum levels of testosterone regardless of the age of the animal, and apparently does not modify macro- or microscopically the morphology of the adrenal gland. Hypogonadism secondary to total bilateral epididymectomy and orchiectomy did not modify the serum values of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL fractions. However, orchiectomy reduced the blood levels of triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol when performed in young rats. Testosterone deficiency was related to smaller weight gain and increased arterial pressure. Cconclusions: Castration reduces blood levels of triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol in young rats. In adult animals, it increases arterial pressure and is related to smaller weight gain

Morphofunctional and Metabolic Alterations after Orchiectomy

Objective: To verify alterations in lipid profile, blood glucose and pressure, and morphological aspects of the adrenal gland in animals with hypogonadism secondary to total bilateral epididymectomy and orchiectomy.Methods: Young and adult male Wistar rats were distributed into the following groups: Group 1 – control, animals submitted only to scrotal incision and suture. Group 2 – animals submitted to total bilateral epididymectomy and orchiectomy. After these operations, studies were carried out to analyze possible repercussions of hypogonadism. In Study A, serum levels of free testosterone were measured, along with the body weight and cortical thickness of the adrenal gland of 30 adult rats. In Study B, serum values of glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, and HDL, LDL and VLDL fractions were measured in 20 young rats and 10 adult rats. In Study C, pressure of the caudal artery was measured by plethysmography in 24 adult animals.Results: Total bilateral epididymectomy and orchiectomy reduced serum levels of testosterone regardless of the age of the animal, and apparently does not modify macro- or microscopically the morphology of the adrenal gland. Hypogonadism secondary to total bilateral epididymectomy and orchiectomy did not modify the serum values of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL fractions. However, orchiectomy reduced the blood levels of triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol when performed in young rats. Testosterone deficiency was related to smaller weight gain and increased arterial pressure.Conclusions: Orchiectomy reduces blood levels of triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol in young rats whereas in adult animals, arterial pressure increasing and smaller weight gain are verified.</p

Effect of orchiectomy on rat physical capacity

Objective: Bilateral orchiectomy is indicated for the treatment ofpatients with testicular cancer or advanced prostate tumors. Theinfluence of hypogonadism on physical activity is still not known.The purpose of this work was to verify the effect of bilateralorchiectomy on physical performance. Methods: Sixteen ratswere divided into two groups: Group 1 (Control), in which only skinincision and suture were made (n = 5) and Group 2, in which therats were submitted to bilateral orchiectomy (n = 11). The animalswere trained to run on a treadmill at the speed of 14 meters perminute until they were fatigued. The results were compared usingthe Mann-Whitney test. Results: There was no difference betweenthe animals submitted to orchiectomy and the Control Group.Conclusions: Bilateral orchiectomy does not affect the physicalperformance of the rat

Comparative analysis of radical prostatectomy techniques using perineal or suprapubic approach in the treatment of localized prostate cancer

Objective: To compare the results of radical prostatectomy by perineal and suprapubic approaches as to operative time, procedure costs, and surgical site complications. Methods: The medical records of localized prostate cancer patients (PSA ≤ 10 ng/ml and Gleason score ≤ 6) were analyzed. Fifty-five patients were submitted to radical prostatectomy by perineal approach and 54 via suprapubic approach. Results: There were statistical differences between groups as to operative time (p < 0.05); for perineal approach it was in average 114 minutes (SD ± 0.03) and for suprapubic approach, an average of 167 minutes (SD ± 0.041). Prostatectomy via perineal approach resulted in 11 cases of surgical complications, and suprapubic approach, 3 cases. Conclusions: Radical prostatectomy via perineal approach took less time at a lower cost as compared to the suprapubic approach. However, there were more complications in patients submitted to perineal approach, mainly rectal lesions