Soviet Population Policy

The purpose of this paper is to investigate recent Soviet responses to perceived population problems within the USSR. Such responses can, in effect, be construed as official Soviet population policy, whether identified as such by the Soviet government or not. The demographic problems to which these responses or policy decisions are aimed are divided into two broad categories: 1) the national or aggregate problems, and 2) spatial or regional problems. These population problems have become acute, particularly the regional problems, and the debate and discussion in the scholarly journals, the press, and other media indicate that population policies are undergoing close scrutiny with a view to reformulation. This paper, then, is divided into three parts: 1) a brief discussion of the definition of population policy and its interpretation in the Soviet context; 2) a review of recent population trends and resultant problems in the Soviet Union; and, finally, 3) an identification of the major policy instruments currently in force to ameliorate or solve these problems. The primary focus is, however, on this last section

A Profile of Advanced Manufacturing in Northeast Ohio

Advanced manufacturing industries represent technology-intensive manufacturing of a fundamental importance to the economic strength and national security of the United States. In 2017, advanced manufacturing industries in Northeast Ohio contributed over half of the manufacturing output and employed 42% of the region’s manufacturing workforce. On average, advanced manufacturing industries paid 26% higher wages than other manufacturing industries. Manufacturing companies striving to achieve new levels of output and keep pace with global competition should increasingly turn to one of their most important assets—people—to drive further growth

An Empirical Review of the Paycheck Protection Program - Congressional Testimony

Dr. Iryna Demko, Research Associate at the Center for Economic Development, testified at the hearing of the U.S. House Committee on Small Business on the Paycheck Protection Program. The Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) has been one of the largest economic stimulus programs in U.S. history. In 2020 and 2021, the SBA disbursed over $800 billion in Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans to help small businesses keep their employees on payroll during the Covid-19 pandemic

On the existence of interpolating projections onto spline spaces

AbstractSufficient conditions for the existence of a bounded interpolating projection onto subspaces of C[0, 1] are found. For spaces of piecewise polynomial functions the projection can be bounded by the B-spline basis condition number. Infinite interpolation problems are also considered

High-speed data acquisition for the Princeton University Dynamic Model Track

Real time analysis of data can reduce the time involved in exploring dynamic systems. The failure of the data acquisition system at the Princeton Dynamic Model Track prompted its replacement with a real time data acquisition system. Data can be obtained from an experiment and analyzed during and immediately following a data run. The new system employs high speed analog to digital conversion and a small computer to collect data. Sampling rates of 1000 hertz over 44 channels (44,000 words/sec) are obtainable. The data can be accessed as it enters the computer's environment where it may be displayed or stored for later processing. The system was tested on a helicopter rotor steep descent experiment. The data collected compares with previous data from a similar experiment

Trends of U.S. Agricultural Cooperatives (1913-2016)

This report identifies and describes national trends in the progression of agricultural cooperatives since 1913 with an emphasis on 2000s. As the number of agricultural cooperatives in the U.S. has declined, their size, represented by business volume and the number of members, increased. Based on 1976-2016 data, cooperatives’ total assets and equity have been increasing and were projected to grow in 2017. On average, 2% of cooperatives in the U.S. merged or were acquired . Average incidence rates of mergers and acquisitions during 2000-2012 (33 incidences) were lower than during 1980-1999 (83 incidences). Over time, the number of grain cooperatives increased; and the number of dairy and fruit and vegetables cooperatives declined

Mappings onto spline spaces and the geometry of spline spaces

Issued as Annual letter of progress, and Final fiscal report, Project no. G-37-60