234 research outputs found
Fungi of French Guiana gathered in a taxonomic, environmental and molecular dataset
International audienceIn Amazonia, the knowledge about Fungi remains patchy and biased towards accessible sites. This is particularly the case in French Guiana where the existing collections have been confined to few coastal localities. Here, we aimed at filling the gaps of knowledge in indersampled areas of this region, particularly focusing on the Basidiomycota. From 2011, we comprehensively collected fruiting-bodies with a stratified and reproducible sampling scheme in 126 plots. Sites of sampling reflected the main forest habitats of French Guiana in terms of soil fertility and topography. The dataset of 5219 specimens gathers 245 genera belonging to 75 families, 642 specimens are barcoded. The dataset is not a checklist as only 27% of the specimens are identified at the species level but 96% are identified at the genus level. We found an extraordinary diversity distributed across forest habitats. The dataset is an unprecedented and original collection of Basidiomycota for the region, making specimens available for taxonomists and ecologists. The database is publicly available in the GBIF repository (https://doi.org/10.15468/ymvlrp)
Fusarium and allied fusarioid taxa (FUSA). 1
Seven Fusarium species complexes are treated, namely F. aywerte species complex (FASC) (two species), F. buharicum species complex (FBSC) (five species), F. burgessii species complex (FBURSC) (three species), F. camptoceras species complex (FCAMSC) (three species), F. chlamydosporum species complex (FCSC) (eight species), F. citricola species complex (FCCSC) (five species) and the F. concolor species complex (FCOSC) (four species). New species include Fusicolla elongata from soil (Zimbabwe), and Neocosmospora geoasparagicola from soil associated with Asparagus officinalis (Netherlands). New combinations include Neocosmospora akasia, N. awan, N. drepaniformis, N. duplosperma, N. geoasparagicola, N. mekan, N. papillata, N. variasi and N. warna. Newly validated taxa include Longinectria gen. nov., L. lagenoides, L. verticilliforme, Fusicolla gigas and Fusicolla guangxiensis. Furthermore, Fusarium rosicola is reduced to synonymy under N. brevis. Finally, the genome assemblies of Fusarium secorum (CBS 175.32), Microcera coccophila (CBS 310.34), Rectifusarium robinianum (CBS 430.91), Rugonectria rugulosa (CBS 126565), and Thelonectria blattea (CBS 952.68) are also announced her
Fusarium: more than a node or a foot-shaped basal cell
Recent publications have argued that there are potentially serious consequences for researchers in recognising distinct genera in the terminal fusarioid clade of the family Nectriaceae. Thus, an alternate hypothesis, namely a very broad concept of the genus Fusarium was proposed. In doing so, however, a significant body of data that supports distinct genera in Nectriaceae based on morphology, biology, and phylogeny is disregarded. A DNA phylogeny based on 19 orthologous protein-coding genes was presented to support a very broad concept of Fusarium at the F1 node in Nectriaceae. Here, we demonstrate that re-analyses of this dataset show that all 19 genes support the F3 node that represents Fusarium sensu stricto as defined by F. sambucinum (sexual morph synonym Gibberella pulicaris). The backbone of the phylogeny is resolved by the concatenated alignment, but only six of the 19 genes fully support the F1 node, representing the broad circumscription of Fusarium. Furthermore, a re-analysis of the concatenated dataset revealed alternate topologies in different phylogenetic algorithms, highlighting the deep divergence and unresolved placement of various Nectriaceae lineages proposed as members of Fusarium. Species of Fusarium s. str. are characterised by Gibberella sexual morphs, asexual morphs with thin- or thick-walled macroconidia that have variously shaped apical and basal cells, and trichothecene mycotoxin production, which separates them from other fusarioid genera. Here we show that the Wollenweber concept of Fusarium presently accounts for 20 segregate genera with clear-cut synapomorphic traits, and that fusarioid macroconidia represent a character that has been gained or lost multiple times throughout Nectriaceae. Thus, the very broad circumscription of Fusarium is blurry and without apparent synapomorphies, and does not include all genera with fusarium-like macroconidia, which are spread throughout Nectriaceae (e.g., Cosmosporella, Macroconia, Microcera). In this study four new genera are introduced, along with 18 new species and 16 new combinations. These names convey information about relationships, morphology, and ecological preference that would otherwise be lost in a broader definition of Fusarium. To assist users to correctly identify fusarioid genera and species, we introduce a new online identification database, Fusarioid-ID, accessible at www.fusarium.org. The database comprises partial sequences from multiple genes commonly used to identify fusarioid taxa (act1, CaM, his3, rpb1, rpb2, tef1, tub2, ITS, and LSU). In this paper, we also present a nomenclator of names that have been introduced in Fusarium up to January 2021 as well as their current status, types, and diagnostic DNA barcode data. In this study, researchers from 46 countries, representing taxonomists, plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, and students, strongly support the application and use of a more precisely delimited Fusarium (= Gibberella) concept to accommodate taxa from the robust monophyletic node F3 on the basis of a well-defined and unique combination of morphological and biochemical features. This F3 node includes, among others, species of the F. fujikuroi, F. incarnatum-equiseti, F. oxysporum, and F. sambucinum species complexes, but not species of Bisifusarium [F. dimerum species complex (SC)], Cyanonectria (F. buxicola SC), Geejayessia (F. staphyleae SC), Neocosmospora (F. solani SC) or Rectifusarium (F. ventricosum SC). The present study represents the first step to generating a new online monograph of Fusarium and allied fusarioid genera (www.fusarium.org)
Fungal Planet description sheets: 1284-1382
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antartica, Cladosporium austrolitorale from coastal sea sand. Australia, Austroboletus yourkae on soil, Crepidotus innuopurpureus on dead wood, Curvularia stenotaphri from roots and leaves of Stenotaphrum secundatum and Thecaphora stajsicii from capsules of Oxalis radicosa. Belgium, Paraxerochrysium coryli (incl. Paraxerochrysium gen. nov.) from Corylus avellana. Brazil, Calvatia nordestina on soil, Didymella tabebuiicola from leaf spots on Tabebuia aurea, Fusarium subflagellisporum from hypertrophied floral and vegetative branches of Mangifera indica and Microdochium maculosum from living leaves of Digitaria insularis. Canada, Cuphophyllus bondii fromagrassland. Croatia, Mollisia inferiseptata from a rotten Laurus nobilis trunk. Cyprus, Amanita exilis oncalcareoussoil. Czech Republic, Cytospora hippophaicola from wood of symptomatic Vaccinium corymbosum. Denmark, Lasiosphaeria deviata on pieces of wood and herbaceousdebris. Dominican Republic, Calocybella goethei among grass on a lawn. France (Corsica) , Inocybe corsica onwetground. France (French Guiana) , Trechispora patawaensis on decayed branch of unknown angiosperm tree and Trechispora subregularis on decayed log of unknown angiosperm tree. [...]P.R. Johnston thanks J. Sullivan (Lincoln University)
for the habitat image of Kowai Bush, Duckchul Park (Manaaki Whenua –
Landcare Research) for the DNA sequencing, and the New Zealand Department
of Conservation for permission to collect the specimens; this research
was supported through the Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Biota
Portfolio with funding from the Science and Innovation Group of the New
Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. V. Hubka was
supported by the Czech Ministry of Health (grant number NU21-05-00681),
and is grateful for the support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of
Science – grant-in-aid for JSPS research fellow (grant no. 20F20772).
K. Glässnerová was supported by the Charles University Grant Agency (grant
No. GAUK 140520). J. Trovão and colleagues were financed by FEDERFundo
Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE
2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation
(POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência
e a Tecnologia in the framework of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-PTDC/
EPH-PAT/3345/2014. This work was carried out at the R&D Unit Centre for
Functional Ecology – Science for People and the Planet (CFE), with reference
UIDB/04004/2020, financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds
(PIDDAC). J. Trovão was also supported by POCH – Programa Operacional
Capital Humano (co-funding by the European Social Fund and national
funding by MCTES), through a ‘FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e
Tecnologia’ PhD research grant (SFRH/BD/132523/2017). D. Haelewaters
acknowledges support from the Research Foundation – Flanders (Junior
Postdoctoral Fellowship 1206620N). M. Loizides and colleagues are grateful
to Y. Cherniavsky for contributing collections AB A12-058-1 and AB A12-
058-2, and Á. Kovács and B. Kiss for their help with molecular studies of
these specimens. C. Zmuda is thanked for assisting with the collection of
ladybird specimens infected with Hesperomyces parexochomi. A.V. Kachalkin
and colleagues were supported by the Russian Science Foundation
(grant No. 19-74-10002). The study of A.M. Glushakova was carried out as
part of the Scientific Project of the State Order of the Government of Russian
Federation to Lomonosov Moscow State University No. 121040800174-6.
S. Nanu acknowledges the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology
and Environment (KSCSTE) for granting a research fellowship and is grateful
to the Chief Conservator of Forests and Wildlife for giving permission to
collect fungal samples. A. Bañares and colleagues thank L. Monje and
A. Pueblas of the Department of Drawing and Scientific Photography at the
University of Alcalá for their help in the digital preparation of the photographs,
and J. Rejos, curator of the AH herbarium for his assistance with the specimens
examined in the present study. The research of V. Antonín received
institutional support for long-term conceptual development of research institutions
provided by the Ministry of Culture (Moravian Museum, ref.
MK000094862). The studies of E.F. Malysheva, V.F. Malysheva, O.V. Morozova,
and S.V. Volobuev were carried out within the framework of a research
project of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, St Petersburg, Russia
(АААА-А18-118022090078-2) using equipment of its Core Facility Centre
‘Cell and Molecular Technologies in Plant Science’.The study of A.V. Alexandrova
was carried out as part of the Scientific Project of the State Order
of the Government of Russian Federation to Lomonosov Moscow State
University No. 121032300081-7. The Kits van Waveren Foundation (Rijksherbariumfonds
Dr E. Kits van Waveren, Leiden, Netherlands) contributed
substantially to the costs of sequencing and travelling expenses for
M.E. Noordeloos. The work of B. Dima was partly supported by the ÚNKP-
20-4 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and
Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and
Innovation Fund. The work of L. Nagy was supported by the ‘Momentum’
program of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (contract No. LP2019-
13/2019 to L.G.N.). G.A. Kochkina and colleagues acknowledge N. Demidov
for the background photograph, and N. Suzina for the SEM photomicrograph.
The research of C.M. Visagie and W.J. Nel was supported by the National
Research Foundation grant no 118924 and SFH170610239162. C. Gil-Durán
acknowledges Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, Ministerio
de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación, Gobierno de Chile, for
grant ANID – Fondecyt de Postdoctorado 2021 – N° 3210135. R. Chávez
and G. Levicán thank DICYT-USACH and acknowledges the grants INACH
RG_03-14 and INACH RT_31-16 from the Chilean Antarctic Institute, respectively.
S. Tiwari and A. Baghela would like to acknowledge R. Avchar
and K. Balasubramanian from the Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra
for helping with the termite collection. S. Tiwari is also thankful to
the University Grants Commission, Delhi (India) for a junior research fellowship
(827/(CSIR-UGC NET DEC.2017)). R. Lebeuf and I. Saar thank D. and
H. Spencer for collecting
and photographing the holotype of C. bondii, and
R. Smith for photographing the habitat. A. Voitk is thanked for helping with
the colour plate and review of the manuscript, and the Foray Newfoundland
and Labrador for providing the paratype material. I. Saar was supported by
the Estonian Research Council (grant PRG1170) and the European Regional
Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange). M.P.S. Câmara
acknowledges the ‘Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico
e Tecnológico – CNPq’ for the research productivity fellowship, and financial
support (Universal number 408724/2018-8). W.A.S. Vieira acknowledges
the ‘Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal de Ensino Superior – CAPES’
and the ‘Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado/CAPES – PNPD/CAPES’ for
the postdoctoral fellowship. A.G.G. Amaral acknowledges CNPq, and
A.F. Lima and I.G. Duarte acknowledge CAPES for the doctorate fellowships.
F. Esteve-Raventós and colleagues were financially supported by FEDER/
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades – Agencia Estatal de Investigación
(Spain)/ Project CGL2017-86540-P. The authors would like to
thank L. Hugot and N. Suberbielle (Conservatoire Botanique National de
Corse, Office de l’Environnement de la Corse, Corti) for their help. The research
of E. Larsson is supported by The Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, SLU
Artdatabanken, Uppsala. Financial support was provided to R.J. Ferreira by
the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq),
and to I.G. Baseia, P.S.M. Lúcio and M.P. Martín by the National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) under CNPq-Universal
2016 (409960/2016-0) and CNPq-visiting researcher (407474/2013-7).
J. Cabero and colleagues wish to acknowledge A. Rodríguez for his help to
describe Genea zamorana, as well as H. Hernández for sharing information
about the vegetation of the type locality. S. McMullan-Fisher and colleagues
acknowledge K. Syme (assistance with illustrations), J. Kellermann (translations),
M. Barrett (collection, images and sequences), T. Lohmeyer (collection
and images) and N. Karunajeewa (for prompt accessioning). This research
was supported through funding from Australian Biological Resources Study
grant (TTC217-06) to the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. The research of
M. Spetik and co-authors was supported by project No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0
/16_017/0002334. N. Wangsawat and colleagues were partially supported
by NRCT and the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. programme, grant number
PHD/0218/2559. They are thankful to M. Kamsook for the photograph of the
Phu Khiao Wildlife Sanctuary and P. Thamvithayakorn for phylogenetic illustrations.
The study by N.T. Tran and colleagues was funded by Hort Innovation
(Grant TU19000). They also thank the turf growers who supported
their surveys and specimen collection. N. Matočec, I. Kušan, A. Pošta,
Z. Tkalčec and A. Mešić thank the Croatian Science Foundation for their
financial support under the project grant HRZZ-IP-2018-01-1736 (ForFungiDNA).
A. Pošta thanks the Croatian Science Foundation for their support
under the grant HRZZ-2018-09-7081. A. Morte is grateful to Fundación
Séneca – Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia (20866/
PI/18) for financial support. The research of G. Akhmetova, G.M. Kovács,
B. Dima and D.G. Knapp was supported by the National Research, Development
and Innovation Office, Hungary (NKFIH KH-130401 and K-139026),
the ELTE Thematic Excellence Program 2020 supported by the National
Research, Development and Innovation Office (TKP2020-IKA-05) and the
Stipendium Hungaricum Programme. The support of the János Bolyai Research
Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Bolyai+
New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology
to D.G. Knapp is highly appreciated. F.E. Guard and colleagues are
grateful to the traditional owners, the Jirrbal and Warungu people, as well
as L. and P. Hales, Reserve Managers, of the Yourka Bush Heritage Reserve.
Their generosity, guidance, and the opportunity to explore the Bush Heritage
Reserve on the Einasleigh Uplands in far north Queensland is greatly appreciated.
The National Science Foundation (USA) provided funds
(DBI#1828479) to the New York Botanical Garden for a scanning electron
microscope used for imaging the spores. V. Papp was supported by the
ÚNKP-21-5 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation
and Technology from the National Research, Development and Innovation
Fund of Hungary. A.N. Miller thanks the WM Keck Center at the University
of Illinois Urbana – Champaign for sequencing Lasiosphaeria deviata.
J. Pawłowska acknowledges support form National Science Centre, Poland
(grant Opus 13 no 2017/25/B/NZ8/00473). The research of T.S. Bulgakov
was carried out as part of the State Research Task of the Subtropical Scientific
Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Theme No. 0492-2021-
0007). K. Bensch (Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht) is thanked
for correcting the spelling of various Latin epithets.Peer reviewe
The Neotropical Perenniporia s. lat. (Basidiomycota): Perenniporia nouraguensis sp. nov. and a note on Perenniporia sinuosa, from the rainforest in French Guiana
Background and aims – This study is a part of an ongoing survey of Perenniporia (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) in the Neotropics and presents a new species from French Guiana and a second record of the little known Perenniporia sinuosa.
Methods – Species are described using morphology-based methods.
Key results – Perenniporia nouraguensis is proposed as new. A new record of Perenniporia sinuosa, previously only known from the type specimen originating from Amazonas, Brazil, is commented, and its taxonomic position is briefly discussed. A key to the Perenniporia species with resupinate basidiomata is also presented.
Conclusion – Perenniporia nouraguensis is added for the Neotropics. This species and P. sinuosa are very likely endemic to the Neotropics
The Neotropical Perenniporia s. lat. (Basidiomycota): Perenniporia nouraguensis sp. nov. and a note on Perenniporia sinuosa, from the rainforest in French Guiana
Background and aims – This study is a part of an ongoing survey of Perenniporia (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) in the Neotropics and presents a new species from French Guiana and a second record of the little known Perenniporia sinuosa.
Methods – Species are described using morphology-based methods.
Key results – Perenniporia nouraguensis is proposed as new. A new record of Perenniporia sinuosa, previously only known from the type specimen originating from Amazonas, Brazil, is commented, and its taxonomic position is briefly discussed. A key to the Perenniporia species with resupinate basidiomata is also presented.
Conclusion – Perenniporia nouraguensis is added for the Neotropics. This species and P. sinuosa are very likely endemic to the Neotropics
Fungal Planet description sheets: 128–153
Novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Catenulostroma corymbiae from Corymbia, Devriesia stirlingiae from Stirlingia, Penidiella carpentariae from Carpentaria, Phaeococcomyces eucalypti from Eucalyptus, Phialophora livistonae from Livistona, Phyllosticta aristolochiicola from Aristolochia, Clitopilus austroprunulus on sclerophyll forest litter of Eucalyptus regnans and Toxicocladosporium posoqueriae from Posoqueria. Several species are also described from South Africa, namely: Ceramothyrium podocarpi from Podocarpus, Cercospora chrysanthemoides from Chrysanthemoides, Devriesia shakazului from Aloe, Penidiella drakensbergensis from Protea, Strelitziana cliviae from Clivia and Zasmidium syzygii from Syzygium. Other species include Bipolaris microstegii from Microstegium and Synchaetomella acerina from Acer (USA), Brunneiapiospora austropalmicola from Rhopalostylis (New Zealand), Calonectria pentaseptata from Eucalyptus and Macadamia (Vietnam), Ceramothyrium melastoma from Melastoma (Indonesia), Collembolispora aristata from stream foam (Czech Republic), Devriesia imbrexigena from glazed decorative tiles (Portugal), Microcyclospora rhoicola from Rhus (Canada), Seiridium phylicae from Phylica (Tristan de Cunha, Inaccessible Island), Passalora lobeliaefistulosis from Lobelia (Brazil) and Zymoseptoria verkleyi from Poa (The Netherlands). Valsalnicola represents a new ascomycete genus from Alnus (Austria) and Parapenidiella a new hyphomycete genus from Eucalyptus (Australia). Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS DNA barcodes are also provided
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