Reply to comment on 'On the origin dependence of multipole moments in electromagnetism'

In this reply, we emphasize that the goal of our original paper was to show that a straightforward application of standard multipole theory does not lead to unphysical results as claimed by Raab and de Lange. We stress once more that an origin shift for calculating the multipoles must be accompanied by a relocation of these multipoles, which compensates the effects of the origin dependence of the multipoles. We point out that the position of the macroscopic boundary is a relevant parameter. We agree that the transformation proposed by Raab and de Lange could still be useful supposing it only affects the phase of the reflected/trasmitted waves. We dispute that the transformation as derived by Raab and de Lange is unique

Polydactyly of the foot

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Electromagnetic source transformations and scalarization in stratified gyrotropic media

It is known that with restrictions on the type of the constitutive equations, Maxwell's equations in non-uniform media can sometimes be reduced to two 2nd order differential equations for 2 scalar quantities only. These results have previously been obtained in two quite different ways. Either by a ``scalarization of the sources'', where the relevant scalar quantities are essentially vector potential components and where the derivation was limited to isotropic media; or alternatively by using the ``scalar Hertz potentials'', and this method has been applied to more general media. In this paper it is shown that both methods are equivalent for gyrotropic media. We show that the scalarization can be obtained by a combination of transformations between electric and magnetic sources and gauge transformations. It is shown that the method based on the vector potential, which previously used a non-traditional definition of the vector potentials, can also be obtained using the traditional definition provided a proper gauge condition is applied and this method is then extended from isotropic to gyrotropic media. It is shown that the 2 basic scalar Hertz potentials occurring in the second method are invariant under the source scalarization transformations of the first method and therefore are the natural potentials for obtaining scalarization. Finally it is shown that both methods are also equivalent with a much older third method based on Hertz vectors.Comment: 20 pages, 0 figure

The development and application of an oral health care model for institutionalised older people

Adequate oral health is an essential part of general health in all age groups, but in particular in older age groups. Good oral health is a prerequisite to physical, mental and social wellbeing and quality of life. Adequate and accessible oral health service is a fundamental right of “all” vulnerable older people living in a community. This doctoral thesis demonstrates inadequate oral health and oral health care delivery in institutionalised older people and concerns the development and application of an oral health care model for older people in nursing homes emphasizing the integration of oral health care into daily care