Q-balls in the Wick–Cutkosky model

In the present paper Q-ball solutions in the Wick--Cutkosky model are examined in detail. A remarkable feature of the Wick--Cutkosky model is that it admits analytical treatment for the most part of the analysis of Q-balls, which allows one to use this simple model to demonstrate some peculiar properties of Q-balls. In particular, a method for estimating the binding energy of a Q-ball is proposed. This method is tested on the Wick--Cutkosky model taking into account the well-known results obtained for this model earlier.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX; v3: typos correcte

Experimental forecasts of El Niño

Experimental forecasts of El Niño events occurring since 1970, made with a deterministic model of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system, indicate that El Niño is generally predictable one or two years ahead. A forecast for 1986 is also presented

Western boundary currents in the atmosphere of Mars

Western boundary currents (WBCs) are an intensification of north-south flow adjacent to an eastward-facing meridional boundary. Although most familiar in the oceans (where the Gulf Stream is the best known example), WBCs also occur in the Earth's troposphere. The main example being the East African Jet, which is thought to play an important role in the Asiatic monsoon. Here we identify boundary currents in a different geophysical context: a numerical simulation of the atmosphere of Mars. In our simulation. WBCs exist in association with significant cross-equatorial flow and the presence of equatorial martian topography. Which has vertical scale far exceeding terrestrial relief. The intensity and width of these currents depend on model parameters, notably the surface drag. From a comparison of our results with other martian models we suggest that WBCs have already been simulated, although they were not previously identified as such. The available observational evidence appears to be consistent with the presence of martian WBCs, which may be important in the generation of global and great dust storms