Influence de la perception du risque sur d’adoption des mesures de ripostes à la COVID19 : analyse du rôle de la vulnérabilité perçue

L’orée de l’année 2020 fut marquée par l’évènement de la pandémie de COVID 19. Cette pandémie a déstabilisé le monde. Les gouvernants s’évertuent à mettre en place des mesures barrières pour limiter la propagation du virus afin de préserver la vie des citoyens. Dans le cadre d’une crise sanitaire, l’adoption d’un comportement étant fortement corrélée avec la perception que l’individu a du risque, cette recherche se donne pour objectif d’étudier le rôle de vulnérabilité perçue dans le lien être la perception de risque et l’adoption des mesures. Cette recherche est basée sur une méthodologie expiratoire mixte. La première phase est qualitative et la deuxième phase est un sondage auprès d’un échantillon de convenance de 260 personnes. Les résultats de ce sondage montrent que, bien que si les individus se sentent vulnérable, ils ne perçoivent pas concrètement le risque lié à la maladie. Cette vulnérabilité assure une médiation parfaite dans le lien perception de risque-adoption des mesures de riposte. &nbsp

Ethno-zoology study and uses forms of Trichechus senegalensis in southern Benin

Le lamantin Africain (Trichechus senegalensis) est une espèce fortement utilisée par les communautés riveraines du sud-Bénin. L’objectif de cette étude est de recenser les importances ethno-zoologiques et les formes d’usage de l’espèce. Ainsi, une enquête ethno-zoologique a été réalisée auprès de 255 personnes réparties dans 11 localités. Six (6) groupes socio-culturels ont été pris en compte. Quelques indices ethno-zoologiques comme la Valeur d’Usage de l’espèce, la Diversité d’Utilisation, l’Equitabilité d’Utilisation, la Connaissance Globale et la Fréquence d’Utilisation de l’espèce ont été calculés. Au total, 25 organes de l’espèce sont utilisés en alimentation (96,8%), médecine traditionnelle (83,0 %), les activités culturelles (29,8 %) et dans le touristique (13,8%). La diversité d’utilisation est plus élevée chez les groupes socio-culturels Fon et Mina en alimentation. En médecine traditionnelle, il est élevé chez les groupes socio-culturels Goun et Wémè. Les populations disposent d’une bonne connaissance du Trichechus senegalensis et sa fréquence d’utilisation (FU=73,7 %) est supérieur à 50 %. Les pressions anthropiques et naturelles dénotent tant des atouts que des faiblesses pour la conservation et la valorisation de l’espèce. Il est suggéré la mise en œuvre d’un plan d’action incluant les populations locales à la conservation de l’espèce qui tiendra compte de l’interdiction de la chasse, la valorisation des potentialités écotouristiques, les suivis participatifs de ses habitats et de ses effectifs ainsi que la création d’une Aire communautaire de conservation pour tous les habitats de l’espèce et pour d’autres espèces. Mots clés: Lamantin, Trichechus senegalensis, ethno-zoologie, conservation, zones humides, écotourisme, BéninThe African manatee (Trichechus senegalensis) is after hippopotamus the largest mammal of the wetlands of southern Benin. To understand the importance of the African manatee, its organs and products for the populations of southern Benin, a survey was conducted among 225 people in eleven (11) localities in six (6) communities. In the study environment, the species use is for food (96.8%), medicinal (83,0 %), cultural (29,8 %) and tourism (13,8%). A total of 25 manatee organs are known in the pharmacopoeia and in the food of the communities of southern Benin. The products are used either alone or in combination with plant or other animal products. Diversity of use is more pronounced in fon and Mina communities. For the pharmacopoeia, the diversity index is very high among the Goun and Wémè with respectively 0.43 and 0.41. The diversity of ethno-zoological knowledge on the manatee, the varied use of its organs and products, the anthropic and natural pressures denote both strengths and weaknesses for the conservation and enhancement of the species in the study environment. For the conservation and sustainable management of the species and its habitats, the study suggests the implementation of a plan of action including the local populations to the conservation of the manatee which will take into account the prohibition of hunting, valorization of the ecotourism potentialities of the region, participatory monitoring of habitats and the creation of a conservation area for all manatee habitats in Africa and other species of importance for biodiversity in southern Benin. Keywords: Manatee, Trichechus senegalensis, ethno-zoology, conservation, wetlands, ecotourism, Beni

Widespread Use of Migratory Megafauna for Aquatic Wild Meat in the Tropics and Subtropics

Wild animals are captured or taken opportunistically, and the meat, body parts, and/or eggs are consumed for local subsistence or used for traditional purposes to some extent across most of the world, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. The consumption of aquatic animals is widespread, in some places has been sustained for millennia, and can be an important source of nutrition, income, and cultural identity to communities. Yet, economic opportunities to exploit wildlife at higher levels have led to unsustainable exploitation of some species. In the literature, there has been limited focus on the exploitation of aquatic non-fish animals for food and other purposes. Understanding the scope and potential threat of aquatic wild meat exploitation is an important first step toward appropriate inclusion on the international policy and conservation management agenda. Here, we conduct a review of the literature, and present an overview of the contemporary use of aquatic megafauna (cetaceans, sirenians, chelonians, and crocodylians) in the global tropics and subtropics, for species listed on the Appendices of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). We find that consumption of aquatic megafauna is widespread in coastal regions, although to varying degrees, and that some species are likely to be at risk from overexploitation, particularly riverine megafauna. Finally, we provide recommendations for CMS in the context of the mandate of the Aquatic Wild Meat Working Group.Additional co-authors: Jeffrey W. Lang, Sigrid Lüber, Charlie Manolis, Grahame J. W. Webb and Lindsay Porte

Widespread use of migratory megafauna for aquatic wild meat in the tropics and subtropics

Wild animals are captured or taken opportunistically, and the meat, body parts, and/or eggs are consumed for local subsistence or used for traditional purposes to some extent across most of the world, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. The consumption of aquatic animals is widespread, in some places has been sustained for millennia, and can be an important source of nutrition, income, and cultural identity to communities. Yet, economic opportunities to exploit wildlife at higher levels have led to unsustainable exploitation of some species. In the literature, there has been limited focus on the exploitation of aquatic non-fish animals for food and other purposes. Understanding the scope and potential threat of aquatic wild meat exploitation is an important first step toward appropriate inclusion on the international policy and conservation management agenda. Here, we conduct a review of the literature, and present an overview of the contemporary use of aquatic megafauna (cetaceans, sirenians, chelonians, and crocodylians) in the global tropics and subtropics, for species listed on the Appendices of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). We find that consumption of aquatic megafauna is widespread in coastal regions, although to varying degrees, and that some species are likely to be at risk from overexploitation, particularly riverine megafauna. Finally, we provide recommendations for CMS in the context of the mandate of the Aquatic Wild Meat Working Group

Widespread Use of Migratory Megafauna for Aquatic Wild Meat in the Tropics and Subtropics

Wild animals are captured or taken opportunistically, and the meat, body parts, and/or eggs are consumed for local subsistence or used for traditional purposes to some extent across most of the world, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. The consumption of aquatic animals is widespread, in some places has been sustained for millennia, and can be an important source of nutrition, income, and cultural identity to communities. Yet, economic opportunities to exploit wildlife at higher levels have led to unsustainable exploitation of some species. In the literature, there has been limited focus on the exploitation of aquatic non-fish animals for food and other purposes. Understanding the scope and potential threat of aquatic wild meat exploitation is an important first step toward appropriate inclusion on the international policy and conservation management agenda. Here, we conduct a review of the literature, and present an overview of the contemporary use of aquatic megafauna (cetaceans, sirenians, chelonians, and crocodylians) in the global tropics and subtropics, for species listed on the Appendices of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). We find that consumption of aquatic megafauna is widespread in coastal regions, although to varying degrees, and that some species are likely to be at risk from overexploitation, particularly riverine megafauna. Finally, we provide recommendations for CMS in the context of the mandate of the Aquatic Wild Meat Working Group