Estudo experimental sobre possível atividade da violeta de genciana na profilaxia da transmissão da toxoplasmose por transfusão de sangue

Devido a evidências sugestivas da possibilidade de transmissão da toxoplasmose por transfusão de sangue, os autores se propuseram avaliar o papel preventivo da violeta de genciana, à semelhança do que já é estabelecido para a doença de Chagas. O experimento em camundongos revelou a ação profilática da violeta de genciana quando adicionado ao sangue a ser transfundido na concentração de 1/1000 e permanência por 48 horas na geladeira.The Authors proposed a study for the evaluation of the prevention of toxoplasmose transmission through blood transfusion by the gentian's violet as has been made for Chagas's Disease. Experiments with mice showed that the gentian's violet added to the blood in the concentration of 1/1000 keeped in refrigerator for 48h prevents the transmission

Observações sobre a transmissão de leishmaniose tegumentar no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Investigations were made in two foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the State of S. Paulo, Brazil, on the phlebotominae role regarding the local transmission. Data obtained identified the Psychodopygus intermedius as the species involved in the transmission of the disease. This species was frequently present in human dwellings which allows us to suggest the use of chemical insecticides inside houses as a good prophylactic measure.Em dois focos de leishmaniose tegumentar do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil foram levadas a efeito observações destinadas a verificar o comportamento da fauna flebotomínica local. Os resultados evidenciaram a dominância de Psychodopygus intermedius e sua freqüência ao ambiente humano, representado pelo domicílio e peridomicílio. Tais aspectos, aliados aos fatos já conhecidos, permitem apontar essa espécie como transmissora e preconizar a aplicação domiciliar de inseticidas de poder residual como método profilático

Observações sobre a transmissão de leishmaniose tegumentar no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the State of S. Paulo, Brazil

Em dois focos de leishmaniose tegumentar do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil foram levadas a efeito observações destinadas a verificar o comportamento da fauna flebotomínica local. Os resultados evidenciaram a dominância de Psychodopygus intermedius e sua freqüência ao ambiente humano, representado pelo domicílio e peridomicílio. Tais aspectos, aliados aos fatos já conhecidos, permitem apontar essa espécie como transmissora e preconizar a aplicação domiciliar de inseticidas de poder residual como método profilático.<br>Investigations were made in two foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the State of S. Paulo, Brazil, on the phlebotominae role regarding the local transmission. Data obtained identified the Psychodopygus intermedius as the species involved in the transmission of the disease. This species was frequently present in human dwellings which allows us to suggest the use of chemical insecticides inside houses as a good prophylactic measure

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data