Relaciones entre algunas acciones preventivas sobre la convivencia escolar en centros de buenas prácticas

Este artículo presenta un estudio cuyo objetivo es comprobar desde una perspectiva estructural la infl uencia de un conjunto de medidas en la reducción de problemas de convivencia: faltas injustifi cadas de puntualidad y asistencia, de respeto, daños a las instalaciones y pertenencias, maltrato entre compañeros, y relaciones entre miembros de la comunidad escolar (Díaz Aguado et al., 2010). Se toma una muestra de centros con amplia experiencia en la gestión de la convivencia en Andalucía (España), aplicando escalas de medida sometidas a análisis de fi abilidad y validez de constructo. Los resultados permiten corroborar los efectos positivos de la “formación de la comunidad escolar”, “la educación en el confl icto” y “el aula de convivencia” sobre la reducción de los problemas, si bien, en distinta medida dependiendo de la naturaleza preventiva de las acciones. This paper presents a study whose objective is verifying from a structural perspective the influence of a set of measures to reduce such problems (unexcused absences punctuality and attendance, disrespect, damage to facilities and property, bullying and relationships between members of the school community). The sample is composed of 46 centers which belong to the “Red School: Space of Peace” in Andalusia (Spain). As instruments of measurement scales are developed “ad hoc”, submitted to reliability analysis and theoretical and construct validity. Furthermore, structural equation model confirms the positive effects of the “formation of the school community”, “education in conflict” and “peer mediation classroom”. Moreover, in the equation, the rates show a closer correlation between the primary character actions as “education in the confl ict” and “formation of the school community” that with regard to “peer mediation classroom”.

Diseño y validación de un instrumento para analizar el trabajo por rincones en las aulas de Educación Infantil

El trabajo por rincones en la etapa de Educación Infantil es una estrategia metodológica muy recurrente entre el profesorado. Este artículo describe el proceso de diseño y validación de un instrumento para indagar en la organización, funcionamiento y gestión de los rincones. Se trata de una escala de observación compuesta por 37 ítems agrupados en 4 categorías, cuya consistencia interna, fiabilidad y bondad de ajuste ha sido analizada a partir de la opinión de 1.350 docentes en Andalucía. Los resultados muestran cualidades psicométricas rigurosas de un instrumento que podría contribuir a evaluar y mejorar la práctica del trabajo por rincones.The work by corners in the stage of Preschool Education is a methodological strategy very recurrent between the teachers. This article describes the process of design and validation of an instrument to investigate the organization, functioning and management of the corners. This is an observation scale composed of 37 items grouped into 4 categories, whose internal consistency, reliability and goodness of fit has been analyzed based on the opinion of 1.350 teachers in Andalusia. The results show the rigorous psychometric qualities of an instrument that could contribute to evaluate and improve the practice of working in corners

Relaciones entre algunas acciones preventivas sobre la convivencia escolar en centros de buenas prácticas

Este artículo presenta un estudio cuyo objetivo es comprobar desde una perspectiva estructural la infl uencia de un conjunto de medidas en la reducción de problemas de convivencia: faltas injustifi cadas de puntualidad y asistencia, de respeto, daños a las instalaciones y pertenencias, maltrato entre compañeros, y relaciones entre miembros de la comunidad escolar (Díaz Aguado et al., 2010). Se toma una muestra de centros con amplia experiencia en la gestión de la convivencia en Andalucía (España), aplicando escalas de medida sometidas a análisis de fi abilidad y validez de constructo. Los resultados permiten corroborar los efectos positivos de la “formación de la comunidad escolar”, “la educación en el confl icto” y “el aula de convivencia” sobre la reducción de los problemas, si bien, en distinta medida dependiendo de la naturaleza preventiva de las acciones. This paper presents a study whose objective is verifying from a structural perspective the influence of a set of measures to reduce such problems (unexcused absences punctuality and attendance, disrespect, damage to facilities and property, bullying and relationships between members of the school community). The sample is composed of 46 centers which belong to the “Red School: Space of Peace” in Andalusia (Spain). As instruments of measurement scales are developed “ad hoc”, submitted to reliability analysis and theoretical and construct validity. Furthermore, structural equation model confirms the positive effects of the “formation of the school community”, “education in conflict” and “peer mediation classroom”. Moreover, in the equation, the rates show a closer correlation between the primary character actions as “education in the confl ict” and “formation of the school community” that with regard to “peer mediation classroom”.

Diseño y validación de un instrumento para analizar el trabajo por rincones en las aulas de Educación Infantil

El trabajo por rincones en la etapa de Educación Infantil es una estrategia metodológica muy recurrente entre el profesorado. Este artículo describe el proceso de diseño y validación de un instrumento para indagar en la organización, funcionamiento y gestión de los rincones. Se trata de una escala de observación compuesta por 37 ítems agrupados en 4 categorías, cuya consistencia interna, fiabilidad y bondad de ajuste ha sido analizada a partir de la opinión de 1.350 docentes en Andalucía. Los resultados muestran cualidades psicométricas rigurosas de un instrumento que podría contribuir a evaluar y mejorar la práctica del trabajo por rincones.The work by corners in the stage of Preschool Education is a methodological strategy very recurrent between the teachers. This article describes the process of design and validation of an instrument to investigate the organization, functioning and management of the corners. This is an observation scale composed of 37 items grouped into 4 categories, whose internal consistency, reliability and goodness of fit has been analyzed based on the opinion of 1.350 teachers in Andalusia. The results show the rigorous psychometric qualities of an instrument that could contribute to evaluate and improve the practice of working in corners

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)