Conjunctival Keratoacanthoma.

Keratoacanthoma generally occurs on the skin; it is rarely found in the conjunctiva. A case of a 34-year-old woman with a rapidly growing conjunctival mass is reported. The tumor was excised with a safety margin to exclude squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathologically it was crateriform and consistent with atypical keratoacanthoma. There has been no recurrence in 2 years of follow-up. Conjunctival keratoacanthoma is rare; differential diagnosis of conventional squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma can be difficult. We recommend complete surgical excision and careful follow-up of crateriform squamous proliferations.59313513

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time, and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space. While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes, vast areas of the tropics remain understudied. In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity, but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases. To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge, it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Histologic Grading Of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma: Intraobserver Reproducibility Of The Mostofi, Gleason And Böcking Grading Systems

Intraobserver variation of three grading systems-Mostofi, Gleason and Böcking-is examined. No significant difference was noted between the histological grades found in the two examinations by any of the three methods used. Neither the type of surgical procedure nor the number of slices with tumour influenced the reproducibility of histological grading within each system studied. In the Gleason system the intraobserver highest disagreement would not have resulted in change of therapy choice, but in 2% of tumours graded according to the Mostofi system this would have occurred if the choice of therapy would depend on the grading results. © 1991 Akadémiai Kiadó.23544945

Angiokeratoma Of The Vulva [angioceratoma Da Vulva]

Angiokeratomas are benign tumors characterized by ectasia of blood vessels in the papillary dermis associated with acanthosis and hyperkeratosis of the epidermis. Dermatological examination of angiokeratomas of Fordyce is characterized by papular keratotic lesions of erythematous-violet color. They are more common in the scrotum, and vulvar involvement is rarely reported. Histopathology is particularly important to distinguish them from other benign and malignant tumors. The article reports the case of a middle-aged black woman with a history of chronic constipation, varicose veins of the lower limbs and cesarean section performed 20 years ago who had had multiple vulvar angiokeratomas for three months. © 2011 by Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia.862333335Calonje, E., Wilson-Jones, E., Vascular tumours (2005) Lever's Histopathology of the Skin, pp. 1015-1055. , In: Elder DE, Elenitsas R, Johnson Jr BL, Murphy G F, editors, 9th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & WilskinsTorgerson, R.R., Edwards, L., Diseases and disorders of the female genitalia (2007) Fitzpatrick's Dermatology In General Medicine, pp. 675-684. , In: Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, editors, 7th Ed. McGraw-HillMartins, A., Drumond, M., Angioceratoma múltiplo de Fordyce- localização vulvar (2002) An Bras Dermatol, 77, pp. 331-335Sintes, R.N., Hernandez, J.P., Florencio, V.D., Solano, J.L., Angioceratoma. A propósito de 93 observaciones (1988) Med Cut ILA, 16, pp. 255-2261Cohen, P.R., Young Jr., A.W., Tovell, H.M., Angiokeratoma of the vulva: Diagnosis and review of the literature (1989) Obstet Gynecol Surv, 44, pp. 339-346Azevedo, E.M.M., Bagnoli, V.R., Carvalho, F.M., Guarnieri Neto, C., Souen, J.S., Angioceratoma vulvar - Relato de 4 casos (1988) J Bras Ginec, 98, pp. 573-575Erkek, E., Basar, M.M., Bagci, Y., Karaduman, A., Bilen, C.Y., Gokoz, A., Fordyce Angiokeratomas as clues to local venous hypertension (2005) Arch Dermatol, 141, pp. 1325-1326Zaballos, P., Daufí, C., Puig, S., Argenziano, G., Moreno-Ramírez, D., Cabo, H., Dermoscopy of solitary angiokeratomas: A morphological study Arch Dermato

Focal Acantholytic Dyskeratosis: A Snare For The Pathologist. Report Of Two Cases Associated To Psoriasis And Fibrous Papule Of The Nose.

Two specimens containing clinically inapparent histologic features of acantholytic dyskeratosis (on the base of a fibrous papule of the nose and overlying a psoriatic lesion) are presented. The authors discuss the conduct to be followed by the pathologist in similar cases. The general pathologist should be well trained in dermatopathology since cutaneous biopsies account for 10 to 25% of the specimens submitted for histologic diagnosis or, even, form the major part of the workload (Berry). There is a wall between the physician who submits the skin biopsies (who may be or not a dermatologist) and the pathologist. The clinical information provided by dermatologists is scant and incomplete and physicians who are not dermatologists seldom submit any information. The histological pictures found in skin biopsies are, often, common to several nosological entities and an adequate understanding of their meaning is desirable for a thorough evaluation. We ought to assess it with the maximum scientific severity, searching to solve the puzzle without depreciating the information received. In this report the authors analyse the histopathological approach to the cutaneous lesions of two patients. They displayed the association between acantholytic dyskeratosis (AD) and another cutaneous pathology. Findings like these may obstruct the final diagnosis to be issued by the pathologist.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)110523724

Angiogenic Effects Of Cryosurgery With Liquid Nitrogen On The Normal Skin Of Rats, Through Morphometric Study

BACKGROUND: Cryosurgery is an efficient therapeutic technique used to treat benign and malignant cutaneous diseases. The primary active mechanism of cryosurgery is related to vascular effects on treated tissue. After a cryosurgical procedure, exuberant granulation tissue is formed at the injection site, probably as a result of angiogenic stimulation of the cryogen and inflammatory response, particularly in endothelial cells. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the angiogenic effects of freezing, as part of the phenomenon of healing rat skin subjected to previous injury. METHODS: Two incisions were made in each of the twenty rats, which were divided randomly into two groups of ten. After 3 days, cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen was performed in one of incisions. The rats' samples were then collected, cut and stained to conduct histopathological examination, to assess the local angiogenesis in differing moments and situations. RESULTS: It was possible to demonstrate that cryosurgery, in spite of promoting cell death and accentuated local inflammation soon after its application, induces quicker cell proliferation in the affected tissue and maintenance of this rate in a second phase, than in tissue healing without this procedure. CONCLUSIONS: These findings, together with the knowledge that there is a direct relationship between mononuclear cells and neovascularization (the development of a rich system of new vessels in injury caused by cold), suggest that cryosurgery possesses angiogenic stimulus, even though complete healing takes longer to occur. The significance level for statistical tests was 5% (p<0,05). © 2014 by Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia.893410413Lizhi, N., Kecheng, X., Feng, M., Cryosurgery for lung cancer (2012) J. Thorac. Dis, 4 (4), pp. 408-416Lucas, R., (2001) Avaliacao E Comparacao De Diferentes Tecnicas De Criocirurgia Com Nitrogenio Liquido Em Caes Da Raca Beagle, Pela Tomografia Computadorizada, Histologia E Imunohistoquimica [tese], , Sao Paulo (SP): Universidade de Sao PauloPoziomczyk, C.S., Koche, B., Dornelles Mde, A., Dornelles, S.I., Pain evaluation in the cryosurgery of actinic keratoses (2011) An Bras Dermatol, 86, pp. 645-650Gage, A.A., History of cryosurgery (1998) Semin Surg Oncol, 14, pp. 99-109Gage, A.A., Baust, J., Mechanisms of tissue injury in cryosurgery (1998) Cryobiology, 37, pp. 171-186Yamaguchi, Y., Yoshikawa, K., Cutaneous Wound healing: An update (2001) J Dermatol, 28, pp. 521-534Belman, S., Adams-Ray, J., Vascular reactions after experimental cold injury (1956) Angiology, 7, pp. 339-367Carmeliet, P., Angiogenesis in health and disease (2003) Nat Med, 9, pp. 653-660Calvin, M., Cutaneous wound repair (1998) Wounds, 10, pp. 12-32Fox, S.B., Harris, A.L., Histological quantitation of tumor angiogenesis (2004) APMIS, 112, pp. 413-430Fina, L., Molgaard, H.V., Robertson, D., Bradley, N.J., Monaghan, P., Delia, D., Expression of the CD34 gene in vascular endothelial cells (1990) Blood, 75, pp. 2417-242

Comparison Of Vulvar Skin Diseases In Black And White Women: A Histopathological Study

[No abstract available]221113911392Margesson, L.J., Vulvar disease pearls (2006) Dermatol Clin, 24, pp. 145-155Sullivan, A.K., Straughair, G.J., Marwood, R.P., Staughton, R.C.D., Barton, S.E., A multidisciplinary vulva clinic: The role of genito-urinary medicine (1999) J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 13, pp. 36-40Taylor, S.C., Enhancing the care and treatment of skin of colour, part 2: Understanding skin physiology (2005) Cutis, 76, pp. 302-306Ho, G.Y., Bierman, R., Beardsley, L., Chang, C.J., Burk, R.D., Natural history of cervicovaginal papillomavirus infection in young women (1998) N Engl J Med, 338, pp. 423-428Frisch, M., Biggar, R.J., Goedert, J.J., Human papillomavirus-associated cancers in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (2000) J Natl Cancer Inst, 92, pp. 1500-1510Muñoz-Pérez, M.A., Rodriguez-Pichardo, A., Camacho Martinez, F., Sexually transmitted diseases in 1161 HIV-positive patients: A 38-month prospective study in southern Spain (1998) J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 11, pp. 221-226Hart, W.R., Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Historical aspects and current status (2001) Int J Gynecol Pathol, 20, pp. 16-30Pinho, M.D.G., Vulnerabilidade da população negra ao HIV/AIDS [vulnerability of the black population to HIV/AIDS] (1998) População Negra Em Destaque., , In: Centro Brasileiro de Estudos Populacionais, São Paul