Fabrication of polyaniline/TiO2 nanocomposite ammonia vapor sensor

Polyaniline/Titanium dioxide (PANi/TiO2) nanocomposite was fabricated from PANi, prepared by oxidative chemical polymerization and TiO2, synthesized by sol gel method. The PANi/TiO2 thin film sensors were prepared by spin coating technique. PANi/TiO2 nanocomposites were characterized by XRD and SEM. The cross sensitivity of thin film sensor indicate that the sensor exhibit selectivity to ammonia (NH3). The gas sensing measurements were carried out for different concentrations of NH3. The gas sensing study revealed that the response value increases with increasing concentration of NH3. Moreover, as concentration of NH3 increases, the response time decreases while recovery time increases, which can be attributed to the varying adsorption and desorption rates of an ambient gas with increasing concentration. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2791

Fabrication of polyaniline/TiO2 nanocomposite ammonia vapor sensor

Polyaniline/Titanium dioxide (PANi/TiO2) nanocomposite was fabricated from PANi, prepared by oxidative chemical polymerization and TiO2, synthesized by sol gel method. The PANi/TiO2 thin film sensors were prepared by spin coating technique. PANi/TiO2 nanocomposites were characterized by XRD and SEM. The cross sensitivity of thin film sensor indicate that the sensor exhibit selectivity to ammonia (NH3). The gas sensing measurements were carried out for different concentrations of NH3. The gas sensing study revealed that the response value increases with increasing concentration of NH3. Moreover, as concentration of NH3 increases, the response time decreases while recovery time increases, which can be attributed to the varying adsorption and desorption rates of an ambient gas with increasing concentration. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2791

Effect Of Annealing On Structure, Morphology, Electrical And Optical Properties Of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Thin Films

Semi-transparent and highly conducting nanostructured titanium oxide thin films have been prepared by sol-gel method. Thin films of TiO2 deposited on glass substrates using spin coating technique and the effect of annealing temperature (400 - 700 °C) on structural, microstructural, electrical and optical properties were studied. The X-ray diffraction and Atomic force microscopy measurements confirmed that the films grown by this technique have good crystalline tetragonal mixed anatase and rutile phase structure and homogeneous surface. The study also reveals that the rms value of thin film roughness increases from 7 to 19 nm. HRTEM image of TiO2 thin film (annealed at 700 °C) shows that a grain of about 50 - 60 nm in size is really aggregate of many small crystallites of around 10 - 15 nm. Electron diffraction pattern shows that the TiO2 films exhibited tetragonal structure. The surface morphology (SEM) of the TiO2 film showed that the nanoparticles are fine with an average grain size of about 50 - 60 nm. The optical band gap slightly decreases from 3.26 - 3.24 eV and the dc electrical conductivity was found in the range of 10-6 to 10-5(Ω·cm)-1 when the annealing temperature is changed from 400 to 700 °C. It is observed that TiO2 thin film annealed at 700 °C after deposition provide a smooth and flat texture suited for optoelectronic applications. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/967

Tin Oxide Nanostructure Fabricated by Thermal Evaporation as Potential NO2 Sensor

Tin oxide (SnO2) gas sensor has been fabricated on glass substrate by using thermal evaporation and further characterize by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and EDAX analysis for confirming its morphology and composition. The chemiresistive gas sensing performance of SnO2 films were studied towards various oxidizing and reducing gases. The experimental results reveal that, SnO2 films were vastly sensitive and selective towards NO2 gas than other test gases. SnO2 sensor exhibit maximum response of 160 % for 100 ppm NO2 gas with very fast response time at optimal operating 200 °C temperature. The SnO2 sensor manifests remarkably enhanced sensing performance, including fast response and recovery time, high sensitivity, and good stability, suggests of the promising application in the NO2 gas sensing field

Automated Shopping Trolley Using Raspberry Pi B+ Model

Shopping center is where individuals get their everyday necessities. There has been a rising interest for speedy and simple installment of bills in shopping centers. Acquiring and shopping at uber shopping centers is ending up day by day movement in different metro-urban communities. There is enormous surge at these shopping centers on siestas and ends of the week. The surge is considerably more when there are exceptional offers and limits arrived. Individuals buy distinctive things and place them in trolley. In the wake of gathering every one of the items in trolley, one needs to go to charging counter for charging, tallying and further installment process for obtaining those items. To beat these issues, we have planned a shrewd trolley. As indicated by the writing study, existing shopping framework causes an immense surge at super shopping centers. In shopping center for obtaining assortment of things it requires trolley. Every time customer has to pull the trolley from rack to rack for collecting items and at the same time customer has to do calculation of those items and manually have to compare the total price with their budget. This process becomes hectic to the one who is in rush[4]. After this, customer has to wait in queue for billing at counter processed by the staff member present at that counter where firstly, the scanning of all the products in trolley needs to be done then final billing and payment has been occurred. Here, if the customer wants to remove any item from final bill then manually removal of that item has been done and then again final billing done by the staff member present at that counter. The information displayed on LCD includes the list of selected product, their prizes, and total prize. The keypad is introduced to confirmation of selected list as well as removal of products in such cases. If customer wants to remove any product from the list of scanned items, then by selecting that particular item customer can easily remove them. After the confirmation of selected items the final bill is being sent to the server of the mall as well as on customer’s mobile number. Then the payment process is done at cashiers’ counter. Thus, automated shopping trolley help to save time required for scanning and counting process and avoids rush at counter