Biología y cultivo de Macrobrachium tenellum: Estado del arte

This research aims to collect and classify information on the biology and culture of the prawn Macrobrachium tenellum, in a clear and sequential manner, which would integrate the knowledge to develop new ways in research and sustainable exploitation of this resource. It covers various topics including taxonomy and systematics, geographic distribution, ecology, reproduction, development, pathology, fisheries and aquaculture of this species, taking into account all the information generated by different authors, from four decades to today. We conclude that there are significant knowledge gaps of basic and applied aspects of the biology of the species and this requires a great deal of research for the correct understanding of this native organism to allow for its protection and proper utilization. It is recommended to take special interest in studies to fully know its distribution, the effects of pollution and the loss of its natural habitats. It is necessary to review the regulations for the use and conservation, and to develop and improve aquacultural management techniques.El presente trabajo tiene como propósito reunir y clasificar la información existente sobre aspectos biológicos y de cultivo del langostino Macrobrachium tenellum, de una forma clara y secuencial, que permita integrar el conocimiento para desarrollar nuevos caminos en la investigación y aprovechamiento sustentable de este recurso. Se abordan diversos temas que incluyen la taxonomía y sistemática, distribución geográfica, ecología, reproducción, desarrollo, patologías, pesca y acuicultura de la especie, tomando en cuenta toda la información generada por diversos autores, desde hace cuatro décadas a la fecha. Se concluye que existen vacíos importantes en el conocimiento de aspectos básicos y aplicados sobre la biología de la especie y que se requiere un gran esfuerzo de investigación para la correcta comprensión de este organismo nativo, que permita su protección y adecuado aprovechamiento. Se recomienda poner especial interés en estudios que permitan conocer completamente su distribución, el efecto de la contaminación y la pérdida de sus hábitats naturales. Es necesario también revisar la normatividad de aprovechamiento y conservación, así como desarrollar y mejorar las técnicas de manejo acuicultural

Total or partial replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in the diet of the Pacific fat sleeper Dormitator latifrons juveniles

Groups of Dormitator latifrons in triplicate (4.1 ± 2.0 g and 6.2 ± 1.0 cm) were fed experimental diets containing four levels of substitution of fishmeal (FM) by soybean meal (SM) (0, 40, 70, and 100%, respectively). The diets were formulated to be isoproteic (35% crude protein) and isolipidic (8.0% crude lipids). The effect of each treatment on growth was evaluated and its implications on the cost of feeding. After 60 days of feeding, there were no significant differences in the fish's proximate composition (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the diets (P < 0.05) in the evaluated biological indices: total growth increase (TGI), specific growth rate (SGR), thermal growth coefficient (TGC), and survival (%). Feeding costs decreased significantly as the proportion of soybean meal in the diet increased. The results indicated that substituting FM by up to 100% of SM can promote adequate growth in D. latifrons without affecting body composition and survival while also reducing operative costs during the fattening process.Fil: Badillo Zapata, Daniel. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Musin, Gabriela Eliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto Nacional de Limnología. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto Nacional de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Palma Cancino, David J.. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Guerrero Galván, Saúl R.. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Chong Carrillo, Olimpia. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Vega Villasante, Fernando. Universidad de Guadalajara; Méxic

Aquaculture research with funding from CONAHCYT in three public research centers in Mexico

Objective: Analyze the projects on aquatic species financed by CONAHCYT through the information provided by the Transparency Units (TU) of the public research centers (PRC) CIBNOR, CICESE and CIAD. Design/Methodology/Approach: The information was requested from the TUs of the centers through the official email of the TUs. The TUs sent the information, and it was organized in spreadsheets for later analysis. For the analysis, only the projects financed by CONAHCYT were considered and the following were selected: the year the project began, the technical manager, the species or species that were the main object of the project, and the amount approved. Results: The projects financed in the timeline established by each center are shown, as well as the amounts approved, the responsible researchers and the species addressed. Native species are the ones that have obtained the most financed projects, although part of the budget has been applied to invasive alien species. The social incidence is perceptible in some of the financed projects, although it has been a characteristic that has been fairly attended. Study limitations/Implications: The research has been limited to the information provided by the TUs of PRCs. If more information exists, it is not available through this route. Findings/Conclusions: The three PRCs propose projects that are mostly on native aquatic species. There has been a decrease in the number of projects funded. The social incidence is barely perceptible in the projects proposed and financed by CONAHCYT.

Survival of the prawn Macrobrachium tenellum (Smith, 1871) in confinement with the native fish Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1844)

Objective: The aim of this study was to test the survival of Macrobrachium tenellum in different confinement conditions with Dormitator latifrons. Design/methodology/approach: Using wild specimens acclimated to captive conditions of both species, three trials of different proportion were performed with treatments consisting in the presence/absence of food and shelters. Prawn/fish proportion for the assays were: 15/15 for T1, 15/3 for T2 and 10/3 for T3. In assays T1 and T2 juvenile prawns and fish were used, while in T3 post-larvae prawns and pre-juvenile fish were used. To test the survival with or without fed, it was schedule a four-day feeding ad libitum period, following by a two-day fed depravation period in all the assays. Results: In assays with juveniles of M. tenellum the survival rate was superior to 80% with or without shelter, when T1 showed 97-100% survival; meanwhile T3 presented a 56.67 % of survival, suggesting it’s necessary to use only juvenile prawns in co-culture systems. The use of shelters and fed deprivation had no significant effects on the survival of prawns. Limitations on study/implications: M. tenellum is an important aquatic resource for the central Mexican Pacific, region in which the D. latifrons is a representative native fish with a developing aquaculture. A polyculture or co-culture system with these species can accelerate the sustainability of both species productions. Findings/conclusions: The results suggest this polyculture system may be feasible, and longer duration culture are recommended.Objective: The aim of this study was to test the survival of Macrobrachium tenellum in different confinement conditions with Dormitator latifrons. Design/methodology/approach: Using wild specimens acclimated to captive conditions of both species, three trials of different proportion were performed with treatments consisting in the presence/absence of food and shelters. Prawn/fish proportion for the assays were: 15/15 for T1, 15/3 for T2 and 10/3 for T3. In assays T1 and T2 juvenile prawns and fish were used, while in T3 post-larvae prawns and pre-juvenile fish were used. To test the survival with or without fed, it was schedule a four-day feeding ad libitum period, following by a two-day fed depravation period in all the assays. Results: In assays with juveniles of M. tenellum the survival rate was superior to 80% with or without shelter, when T1 showed 97-100% survival; meanwhile T3 presented a 56.67 % of survival, suggesting it’s necessary to use only juvenile prawns in co-culture systems. The use of shelters and fed deprivation had no significant effects on the survival of prawns. Limitations on study/implications: M. tenellum is an important aquatic resource for the central Mexican Pacific, region in which the D. latifrons is a representative native fish with a developing aquaculture. A polyculture or co-culture system with these species can accelerate the sustainability of both species productions. Findings/conclusions: The results suggest this polyculture system may be feasible, and longer duration culture are recommended

Biology and use of the Pacific fat sleeper Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1844): state of the art review

The present work is a review of the literature on the native Mexican fish Dormitator latifrons. The aim is to contribute to the integration and systematization of current knowledge to make it easier to identify existing knowledge gaps and breakthroghs Moreover, promote the successful cultivation and protection of this species whose consumption is increasing in Latin America. A review of the articles related to D. latifrons published in international and regional databases was carried out. The articles reviewed focus on taxonomy and systematics, phylogenetic, geographic distribution, ecology, physiology, reproduction, development, pathology, health, and the technologies used to cultivate this fish species. The conclusion is that, even though the cultivation of D. latifrons is of commercial interest in some countries, there are still significant gaps in our knowledge of biology and, consequently, the domestication potential of the species. Filling these gaps will require systematic research efforts on protecting natural populations and improving mass cultivation techniques.Fil: Vega Villasante, Fernando. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Ruiz González, Luis E.. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Chong Carrillo, Olimpia. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Basto Rosales, Mao E. R.. Tecnológico Nacional de Bahía de Banderas; MéxicoFil: Palma Cancino, David J.. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Tintos Gómez, Adrián. Universidad Tecnológica de Manzanillo; MéxicoFil: Montoya Martínez, Cynthia E.. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Kelly Gutiérrez, Liza D.. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Guerrero Galván, Saúl R.. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Ponce Palafox, Jesús T.. Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit; MéxicoFil: Zapata, Ana. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Musin, Gabriela Eliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto Nacional de Limnología. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto Nacional de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Badillo Zapata, Daniel. Universidad de Guadalajara; Méxic

Eticidad lingüística e información : ética y tratamiento del lenguaje

In the work that begins here, the treatment of the language will be approached as essential tool in the handling of the information. It happens that the presence of the languages in Internet and the multilingism, demand a call of attention forced at the time of thinking about the moral, ethical plinth, of the handled rules

Efecto de la salinidad sobre la frecuencia ventilatoria branquial de Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1984)

ABSTRACT Dormitator latifrons inhabits a wide range of salinities as a result of its migratory and reproductive cycle. The objective of the study was to evaluate the physiological response time and survival to saline change under laboratory conditions. The basal gill ventilation frequency (GVF) of organisms was recorded at 33 ups (SW) and in freshwater at 0.3 ups (FW). The gill ventilation frequency of organisms that were transferred from FW-SW and inversely from SW-FW (15, 25, and 33 ups) was counted, in triplicate, for 1 minute and 1, 4, 24 and 48 h. Statistical differences (p < 0.05) were found in fish transferred from FW-SW and SW-FW at the first minute with respect to basal GVF. In all treatments the organisms recovered their GVF one hour after being exposed to saline modification. There was 100% survival in all treatments. D. latifrons has a rapid physiological response to sudden changes in salinity.RESUMEN Dormitator latifrons habita en un amplio intervalo de salinidades producto de su ciclo migratorio y reproductivo. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el tiempo de respuesta fisiológica y la sobrevivencia al cambio salino en condiciones de laboratorio. Se registró la frecuencia ventilatoria branquial (FVB) basal de organismos a 33 ups (AS) y en agua dulce 0.3 ups (AD). Se contabilizó la frecuencia ventilatoria branquial de organismos que fueron transferidos AD-AS e inversamente AS-AD (15, 25, y 33 ups), por triplicado, durante 1 minuto, 1,4, 24 y 48 h. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticas (p < 0.05) en los peces transferidos de AD-AS y AS-AD al primer minuto con respecto a FVB basal. En todos los tratamientos los organismos recuperaron la FVB una hora después de ser expuestos a la modificación salina. Se tuvo un 100% de sobrevivencia en todos los tratamientos, D. latifrons tiene rápida respuesta fisiológica a cambios bruscos de salinidad

Efecto de la salinidad en el desarrollo embrionario y la supervivencia del primer estadio zoea de Macrobrachium tenellum (Crustacea, Palaemonidae)

The objective of this work is to provide information to understand the effect of different salinities on the survival of embryos and newly-hatched larvae of Macrobrachium tenellum. The survival of M. tenellum embryos was similar in all treatments up to nine days with an average of 94%. At day 12, survival was higher at the lower salinities (90 and 80% at 10 and 0 psu, respectively), whereas total mortality was observed at 30 psu. There were no significant differences in treatments 10 and 0 psu. The treatment that showed the higher hatching percentage was 10 psu (82%); hatching at 0 and 20 psu treatments were 60 and 55%, respectively. Larvae kept at 10 psu showed higher survival 7 days after hatching (98%), meanwhile, larvae maintained in freshwater (0 psu) failed to survive beyond the fifth day (keeping the larvae without food). According to the results obtained in this research, embryonic development of M. tenellun can develop between 0 and 10 psu, whereas, optimal salinity for hatching and development of first larval stages are between 10 and 9 psu.El objetivo de este trabajo es proveer información que ayude a comprender el efecto de diferentes salinidades en la supervivencia de embriones y larvas recién eclosionadas de Macrobrachium tenellum. La supervivencia de los embriones de M tenellum fue similar en todos los tratamientos hasta los nueve días con un promedio de 94%. A los 12 días, la supervivencia fue de 0% a 30 ups, mientras que en los demás tratamientos (20, 10 y 0 ups) fue de 50, 90 y 80 % respectivamente. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en los tratamientos 10 y 0 ups. El tratamiento que mostró mayor porcentaje de eclosión fue 10 ups (82%) en comparación con los tratamientos de 0 y 20 ups donde eclosionaron el 60 y 55% respectivamente. En 10 ups las larvas mostraron la supervivencia más alta a los 7 días posteriores a la eclosión (98%), por el contrario las larvas mantenidas en agua dulce (0 ups) no lograron sobrevivir más allá del quinto día (manteniendo las larvas sin alimento). De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación, el desarrollo embrionario de M. tenellun puede desarrollarse entre 0 y 10 ups, mientras que la salinidad óptima para la eclosión y el desarrollo de las primeras etapas larvarias están entre 10 y 9 ups.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR)UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de Biologí

Research on the river shrimps of the genus Macrobrachium (Bate, 1868) (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) with known or potential economic importance: strengths and weaknesses shown through scientometrics

This study revealed that the scientific interest in the genus Macrobrachium was not restricted to a biological point of view, but included also social and economic aspects. Many species of the genus are subject of traditional fisheries and culture worldwide. Several research groups across the globe have developed projects in various subject areas on commercial or non-commercial native species of this genus. This investigation aimed to contribute to the development of the genus Macrobrachium research through a scientometric study. The study was based on publications (1980 to 2013) registered in the following databases: Biological Abstracts, ISI Web of Science, SciELO Citation Index, BioOne, Science Direct, Scopus, and Redalyc. A total of 2165 publications on Macrobrachium in the last 33 years were included in this analysis. The themes that yielded most posts were related to culture, nutrition/feeding, and genetics with almost 60% of the total. Publications concerning M. rosenbergii represented more than 60% of the total with the remaining 40% encompassing 22 other species. Analysis performed by geographical regions evidenced that Latin America produced 23% of the publications, South Asia 22%, and East Asia 16%. Brazil generated 65% of the percentage mentioned for the Latin American region. It is necessary to strengthen research on topics of basic biology, especially those of native species. This will allow rapid progress in the generation of production technologies sustained by a solid biological knowledge base

Inclusión de Hibiscus sabdariffa en alimentos experimentales para Macrobrachium tenellum: efectos en la pigmentación, crecimiento y supervivencia.

Los pigmentos en la naturaleza tienen la principal función de colorear, sin embargo, también tienen efectos sobre el estado de salud y desarrollo de los organismos.  Los compuestos sintéticos dirigidos a incrementar la coloración en organismos con importancia comercial, representan entre el 15 al 20% del costo de la dieta. Por lo anterior la investigación sobre pigmentos de origen natural (más baratos y menos tóxicos) se ha incrementado sustancialmente en los últimos años.  Hay pigmentos tales como las antocianinas que pueden ser utilizados como una alternativa para la pigmentación de organismos. El cáliz de Hibiscus sabdariffa acumula antocianina que proporcionan su característico color rojo. Langostinos Macrobrachium tenellum fueron alimentados con dietas que incluían cálices de H. sabdariffa (jamaica) bajo diversos tratamientos: i) pigmento extraído con agua, ii) pigmento extraído con etanol acidificado [0.1 M HCl (v/v)], y iii) harina de cálices. El efecto pigmentante se comparó con langostinos sometidos a una dieta control sin pigmentos añadidos y langostinos extraídos del medio silvestre. Los langostinos alimentados con la dieta de inclusión de polvo de jamaica mostraron la mayor expresión de eritróforos (color rojo) en el  exoesqueleto del pleon (abdomen) y ganancia en longitud, ganancia en peso, % de incremento en longitud y % de incremento en peso mayores a los demás tratamientos después de 60 días. Estos resultados sugieren que H. sabdariffa puede ser utilizado como alternativa natural como complemento alimenticio puesto que tiene un efecto positivo en los parámetros de crecimiento y pigmentación