Analogue peptides for the immunotherapy of human acute myeloid leukemia

Accepted manuscript. The final publication is available at: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00262-015-1762-9The use of peptide vaccines, enhanced by adjuvants, has shown some efficacy in clinical trials. However, responses are often short-lived and rarely induce notable memory responses. The reason is that self-antigens have already been presented to the immune system as the tumor develops, leading to tolerance or some degree of host tumor cell destruction. To try to break tolerance against self-antigens, one of the methods employed has been to modify peptides at the anchor residues to enhance their ability to bind major histocompatibility complex molecules, extending their exposure to the T-cell receptor. These modified or analogue peptides have been investigated as stimulators of the immune system in patients with different cancers with variable but sometimes notable success. In this review we describe the background and recent developments in the use of analogue peptides for the immunotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia describing knowledge useful for the application of analogue peptide treatments for other malignancies

Simple scoring system to predict in-hospital mortality after surgery for infective endocarditis

BACKGROUND: Aspecific scoring systems are used to predict the risk of death postsurgery in patients with infective endocarditis (IE). The purpose of the present study was both to analyze the risk factors for in-hospital death, which complicates surgery for IE, and to create a mortality risk score based on the results of this analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Outcomes of 361 consecutive patients (mean age, 59.1\ub115.4 years) who had undergone surgery for IE in 8 European centers of cardiac surgery were recorded prospectively, and a risk factor analysis (multivariable logistic regression) for in-hospital death was performed. The discriminatory power of a new predictive scoring system was assessed with the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Score validation procedures were carried out. Fifty-six (15.5%) patients died postsurgery. BMI >27 kg/m2 (odds ratio [OR], 1.79; P=0.049), estimated glomerular filtration rate 55 mm Hg (OR, 1.78; P=0.032), and critical state (OR, 2.37; P=0.017) were independent predictors of in-hospital death. A scoring system was devised to predict in-hospital death postsurgery for IE (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.780; 95% CI, 0.734-0.822). The score performed better than 5 of 6 scoring systems for in-hospital death after cardiac surgery that were considered. CONCLUSIONS: A simple scoring system based on risk factors for in-hospital death was specifically created to predict mortality risk postsurgery in patients with IE

Access to asymmetric modified cyclodextrins by insertion of heterogeneous sugar units. Applications in enantioselective gas chromatography

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Monohydroxy cyclodextrin permethylated derivatives as chiral gas chromatographic stationary phases

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Dérivés monofonctionnalisés de cyclodextrine perméthylée, application à la chromatographie en phase gazeuse énantiosélective

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Synthesis of new mono-6-O-benzyl methylated -cyclodetrin by indirect approach and use as a chiral selector for enantioselective gas chromatography

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About the automatic measurement of the dislocation density obtained by R-ECCI

International audienceA proof of concept of a new method for automatic characterization of the dislocation density from scanning electron microscopy images is presented. A series of backscattered electron images are acquired while the sample is rotated. For each pixel of the region of interest, the variation of the grey-level intensity as a function of the rotation angle, called the intensity profile, is calculated. This profile can be used to determine the nature of each pixel (dislocation, matrix or noise), such that an automatic dislocation density can be determined within the region of interest. The method is well adapted for dislocation densities ranging from 1012 to 1014 m−2. The simulation of a volume containing dislocations enabled the determination of the maximum and minimum densities attainable as well as the theoretical and experimental measurement errors related to the projection of this volume on a two-dimensional image. The theoretical measurement error due to the projection of dislocation on a surface, is 3% for low dislocation densities (1012m−2) and 20% for higher dislocation densities (1014 m−2). Experimentally, measurement errors are limited by image analysis conditions, which leads to total measurement errors of 15% for 1012m−2 and 34% error for 1014 m−2. These uncertainties were obtained considering a given analyzed depth value, that could not be experimentally verified. This uncertainty on the depth value leads to large errors bars in the final measurement, which can reach an order of magnitude

Synthesis of new mono-6-O-benzyl methylated -cyclodetrin from -cyclodextrin (indirect approach) or native -cyclodetrin (direct approach). Application as a chiral selector for gas chromatography

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