Structure and antigenicity changes in 7S soyabean allergen by enzymic deglycosylation

peer-reviewedno abstract availablePUBLISHEDpeer-reviewe

Advanced analysis of carbohydrates in foods

In this chapter, modern analytical procedures used to study carbohydrates in foods and beverages are discussed. The main advanced analytical methodologies applied to determine the different carbohydrate families (monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and macromolecules including different glycosilated compounds) are reviewed considering the sample preparation required and the type of technique (separation or spectroscopic) used, including their different couplings, multidimensional- approaches, modern glycomics strategies, etc. The goal of this contribution is, therefore, to provide the reader with a broad and critical view on the different analytical methods nowadays employed to analyze carbohydrates in foods and their foreseeable trends.Peer Reviewe

Facts about the formation of newantioxidants in natural samples after subcritical water extraction

8 páginas, 3 figuras, 3 tablas.-- El pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print.Subcritical water extraction (SWE) is a very promising technique for obtaining bioactives (mainly antioxidants) from natural sources; even if sometimes the high operation temperatures have been suggested as responsible for thermal degradation of bioactives, the fact is that this type of extraction processes may generate new bioactive (antioxidant) compounds. The present study involved the analysis of antioxidants either naturally found in raw samples and/or those formed during extraction via Maillard reaction and other chemical events. Samples of different nature like microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris), algae (Sargassum vulgare, Porphyra spp., Cystoseira abies-marina, Sargassum muticum, Undaria pinnatifida, and Halopitys incurvus) and plants (rosemary, thyme and verbena) were studied. Amino acid availability, sugar content, fluorescence and absorbance at different wavelengths were determined to follow chemical changes due to reactions such as Maillard, caramelization and thermoxidation. Folin reaction also provided information related to total phenol content of the samples. ABTS•+, peroxyl as well as superoxide radical scavenging assays were used to measure the antioxidant capacity of the extracts. Results obtained from this study suggest that neoformed compounds derived from Maillard, caramelization and thermoxidation reactions affect the overall antioxidant capacity of water subcritical extracts depending on the nature of the sample. The brown algae U. pinnatifida was the sample in which these chemical events contributed to a higher extent to improve the antioxidant capacity (from 0.047 to 1.512 mmol/g and from 45.356 to 1522.692 μmol/g for the TEAC and ORACFL methods, respectively) when the extraction temperature was raised from 100 to 200 °C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work supporting the formation of neoantioxidants in natural complex matrices during subcritical water extraction.This work has been financed by AGL2008-05108-C03-01 (Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia), CSD2007-00063 FUN-CFOOD (Programa CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010) and by ALIBIRD, S2009/AGR- 1469 (Comunidad de Madrid) projects. M.H. would like to thank the Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry (MICINN) for a post-doc contract (“Juan de la Cierva” programme). M.P. thanks CSIC for her I3P fellowship. M.A.B. thanks for a Danone Institute fellowship.Peer reviewe

Insights on the health benefits of the bioactive compounds of coffee silverskin extract

The bioaccessibility of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeine in coffee silverskin extracts (CSE) and the contribution of these substances to the prophylactic effect of CSE on the pathogenesis of diabetes have not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the bioaccessibility, bioavailability and bioactivity of CGA and caffeine alone and in CSE in the pancreas of rats treated with streptozotocin-nicotinamide (type 2 diabetes model). Metabolism of CGA and caffeine started in the gastrointestinal tract due to changes of pH taking place during digestion. Their metabolites protected pancreatic cells against the risk of diabetes. This is the first in vivo study to demonstrate a specific chemo-protective effect of CSE in pancreatic tissue, and this effect may be associated with its antioxidant capacity. Daily administration of CSE, CGA or caffeine 35 d previous to the induction of diabetes significantly reduced (p < 0.05) pancreatic oxidative stress and protein damage.This work was supported by grants from SUSCOFFEE (AGL2014-57239-R) and SAMID (RD12/0026). B. Fernandez-Gomez thanks the PhD program of MINECO for supporting her research career (BES-2011-046827). SAMID RETICS is funded by the PN I+D+I 2012-2016 (Spain), ISCIII- Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. RD12/0026.Peer Reviewe

Coffee silverskin extract protects against accelerated aging caused by oxidative agents

Nowadays, coffee beans are almost exclusively used for the preparation of the beverage. The sustainability of coffee production can be achieved introducing new applications for the valorization of coffee by-products. Coffee silverskin is the by-product generated during roasting, and because of its powerful antioxidant capacity, coffee silverskin aqueous extract (CSE) may be used for other applications, such as antiaging cosmetics and dermaceutics. This study aims to contribute to the coffee sector’s sustainability through the application of CSE to preserve skin health. Preclinical data regarding the antiaging properties of CSE employing human keratinocytes and Caenorhabditis elegans are collected during the present study. Accelerated aging was induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) in HaCaT cells and by ultraviolet radiation C (UVC) in C. elegans. Results suggest that the tested concentrations of coffee extracts were not cytotoxic, and CSE 1 mg/mL gave resistance to skin cells when oxidative damage was induced by t-BOOH. On the other hand, nematodes treated with CSE (1 mg/mL) showed a significant increased longevity compared to those cultured on a standard diet. In conclusion, our results support the antiaging properties of the CSE and its great potential for improving skin health due to its antioxidant character associated with phenols among other bioactive compounds present in the botanical materialThe authors are grateful for the financial support from the SUSCOFFEE Project (AGL2014-57239-R) and the NATURAGE Project (AGL2010-17779). This work was partially funded by a Santander Small and Medium Enterprises Work Placement Grant in Beacon Biomedicine. Amaia Iriondo is a fellow of the FPI predoctoral program of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BES-2015-072191). Konstantinos Stamatakis is a recipient of an Asociación Española Contra el Cancer fellowship.We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)

Antiaging effect of coffee silver-skin extract

Resumen del póster presentado al 11th International Symposium on the Maillard Reaction celebrado en Nancy (Francia) del 16 al 20 de septiembre de 2012.Peer Reviewe

Consecuencias de la neuromodulación endógena en el fenómeno de la desincronización de los ritmos sensorimotores en la enfermedad de Parkinson

[ES] El objetivo principal de este trabajo es el estudio de la desincronización de los ritmos motores en la enfermedad de Parkinson antes y después de recibir una intervención de neuromodulación endógena. De acuerdo a la literatura en este campo, los pacientes de Parkinson presentan una sincronía neural aberrante en los rimtos beta, que podría estra en la base de la rigidez y la lentitud motora que presentan. Puesto que el fenómeno neurofisiológico de desincroniación de los ritmos motores parece estar asociado a la coordinación de la función motora, este fenómeno puede ser un biomarcador relevante sobre el papel jugado por la terapia de neuromodulación. En el estudio llevado a cabo han participado 11 pacientes, que han realizado una tarea de extensión de muñeca mientras se capturaba su señal electroencefalográfica en las 9 posiciones centrales, de acuedor al sistema internacional 10-20, antes y después de recibir 8 sesiones de neuromodulación endógena. Los resultados obtenidos muestran diferencias significativas en determinados parámetros del fenómeno de desincronización aosicadas principalmente a la mano dominante, a las áreas motora y premotora y a diferentes bandas de frecuencia.[EN] This paper shows the results of a study of the desynchronization of the sensorimotor rhythms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) after performing eight sessions of an endogenous neuromodulation intervention. Electrophysiological cortical activity is recorded while patients execute a wrist extension motor task before and after neuromodulation sessions. The goal of this study is included within a major objective aiming to compare the therapeutic efficacy of different neuromodulation strategies in PD patients.El trabajo presentado forma parte de las investigaciones llevadas a cabo dentro de los proyectos NEUROMOD (DPI2015-68664-C4-1-R), MD (PIE-201650E055) y RoboCity2030-DIH-CM, Madrid Robotics Digital Innovation Hub, S2018/NMT-4331, financiado por “Programas de Actividades I+D en la Comunidad de Madrid” y cofinanciado por los Fondos Estructurales de la UE, habiendo sido financiado por ellos.Del Castillo Sobrino, MD.; Serrano-Moreno, JI.; Rocon-De Lima, E. (2019). Consecuencias de la neuromodulación endógena en el fenómeno de la desincronización de los ritmos sensorimotores en la enfermedad de Parkinson. En 11º Simposio CEA de Bioingeniería. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 154-163. https://doi.org/10.4995/CEABioIng.2019.10030OCS15416

Interaction with touchscreen smartphones in patientswith essential tremor and healthy individuals.

tremorAbstractIntroduction: Smartphone use in biomedical research is becoming more prevalent in differ-ent clinical settings. We performed a pilot study to obtain information on smartphone use bypatients with essential tremor (ET) and healthy controls, with a view to determining whetherperformance of touchscreen tasks is different between these groups and describing touchscreeninteraction factors.Method: A total of 31 patients with ET and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy controls com-pleted a descriptive questionnaire about the use of smartphones. Participants subsequentlyinteracted with an under-development Android application, and performed 4 tests evaluatingtypical touchscreen interaction gestures; each test was performed 5 times.Result: The type of smartphone use and touchscreen interaction were not significantly differ-ent between patients and controls. Age and frequency of smartphone use are key factors intouchscreen interaction.Conclusion: Our results support the use of smartphone touchscreens for research into ET,although further studies are required.pre-print1030 K