34 research outputs found

    O processo de aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita em alunos com transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade: As contribuições de recursos tecnológicos facilitadores / The learning process of reading and writing in students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the contributions of technological resources facilitators

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    O presente estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com principal objetivo conhecer a contribuição de recursos tecnológicos facilitadores à aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita de sujeitos com TDAH. As dificuldades encontradas pelo TDAH nas escolas, no processo de alfabetização e letramento, têm sido um desafio para muitos professores, muitas vezes até por falta de mais informações sobre o transtorno, encontram dificuldades na escolha de uma melhor ferramenta de ensino. Entre esses recursos didáticos tecnológicos estudados como propulsor a aprendizagem, citamos: softwares educativos, recursos tecnológicos visuais, suportes tecnológicos que auxiliam na organização de tarefas e também como registro de informações importantes, entre outros... Podemos concluir que a Tecnologia é uma excelente estratégia didática capaz de diminuir os sintomas nucleares desse transtorno, entretanto resultados apontam a necessidade de mais estudos relacionadas especificamente do uso da tecnologia no processo de alfabetização em TDAH

    Entendendo a anestesia inalatória na Cesária: revisão sistemática

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    Introduction: Inhalation anesthesia in cesarean section is a commonly employed anesthetic approach to provide analgesia and anesthesia during the cesarean surgical procedure. This method utilizes inhalation-administered anesthetic agents, usually through a face mask or endotracheal tube, to induce and maintain the required anesthetic state. Methodology: A systematic literature review on "Understanding Inhalation Anesthesia in Cesarean Section" was conducted based on rigorous criteria to ensure the selection of relevant and high-quality studies. The search was delimited by the descriptors "Anesthesia," "Inhalation," "Cesarean Section," and "Inhalation Anesthesia," focusing on the last 5 years (2019 to 2023) and research conducted from April 20, 2023, to November 29, 2023. Result: Pre-delivery procedures required careful anesthetic attention, and the adopted approach could vary significantly depending on the natureIntrodução: A anestesia inalatória na cesariana é uma abordagem anestésica comumente empregada para fornecer analgesia e anestesia durante o procedimento cirúrgico de cesariana. Este método utiliza agentes anestésicos administrados por inalação, geralmente através de uma máscara facial ou tubo endotraqueal, para induzir e manter o estado anestésico necessário. Metodologia: Uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre "Entendendo a Anestesia Inalatória na Cesariana" foi elaborada com base em critérios rigorosos para garantir a seleção de estudos relevantes e de qualidade. A pesquisa foi delimitada pelos descritores Anesthesia, Inhalatio, Cesarean Section, Inhalation Anesthesia, com foco nos últimos 5 anos (2019 a 2023) e pesquisas realizadas no período de 20/04/2023 a 29/11 /2023. Resultado: Os procedimentos pré-parto exigiram um cuidado de atenção anestésica, sendo que a abordagem adotada pode variar significativamente de acordo com a natureza e a invasividade da intervenção planejada. Desde procedimentos mais simples até intervenções mais complexas, a escolha da anestesia desempenha um papel crucial no conforto do paciente e no sucesso técnico do procedimento. Conclusão: Os agentes anestésicos inalatórios mais comuns incluem o óxido nitroso, sevoflurano, desflurano e isoflurano. O óxido nitroso é frequentemente utilizado em combinação com outros agentes para fornecer analgesia suplementar. Esses agentes atuam no sistema nervoso central

    Os aspectos semiológicos do acidente vascular encefálico: uma abordagem neurológica

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    O Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVC) é um evento neurológico súbito, com um foco de isquemia ou hemorragia. Ambos, qualificados pelo déficit neurológico focal abrupto. Ressaltando, que estes déficits podem ocorrer, sendo a ocorrência espontânea, perduração de 15 minutos, autoresolutiva é denominada como Ataque Isquêmico Transitório (AIT), no entanto, toda insuficiência neural que não melhorar pós esse período deve ser manejado como AVC. O artigo objetivou descrever os principais aspectos clínicos do AVC. O AVC é uma emergência para a saúde pública, em razão de ser um potencial em gerar morbimortalidades para os portadores e prejuízos para os sistemas de saúde. O AVC do tipo isquêmico representa a maioria das ocorrências, o quadro clínico do paciente é correspondente ao tecido neural afetado, inicialmente a tomografia computadorizada sem contraste é o primeiro exame, por ser crucial para descartar a etiologia hemorrágica, a condução terapêutica se baseia em medidas neuroprotetoras através da estabilização da glicemia, temperatura e sódio, adequar os níveis pressóricos, mediante o prazo estipulado impor terapia antitrombótica. A manifestação hemorrágica, pode ocorrer por torção de aneurisma sacular originando o sangramento subaracnóideo ou por hipertensão gerando o sangramento intraparenquimatoso. A partir da análise das informações coletadas, elucida-se que o diagnóstico precoce e o período transcorrido até o manejo terapêutico são cruciais para o desfecho clínico do portador, ou seja, é possível a normalização ou ocorrer sequelas neurais e óbito

    Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

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    The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

    Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

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    Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

    Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying into Wb in pp collisions at s=8\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    Measurements of top-quark pair differential cross-sections in the eμe\mu channel in pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector

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    Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collision data at s=8TeV\sqrt{s}=8\,\mathrm TeV{} with the ATLAS detector

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    Measurement of the W boson polarisation in ttˉt\bar{t} events from pp collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV in the lepton + jets channel with ATLAS

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