Média alternativos e contrahegemonia

O aumento exponencial ao acesso à informação propiciado pelas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) coloca o papel dos meios de comunicação numa encruzilhada que combina, por um lado, ingredientes democráticos e emancipatórios e, por outro, potencia o desequilíbrio ao invisibilizar formas de domínio hegemónico. Talvez como indicação da natureza cíclica da modernização da comunicação, no começo do século XX teorizava-se sobre o poder democratizador do rádio e das suas novas possibilidades de participação cívica ( Vatikiotis,2005). As tecnologias evoluíram e a Internet hoje foi colocada neste mesmo patamar: porém, resta a questão se o seu potencial democratizador efetivamente se concretizou. Por um lado, a Web trouxe uma pluralização dos média ao permitir maior alcance por conta da desterritorialização, maior facilidade de distribuição por meio de ferramentas eletrónicas, a oportunidade de atualizações constantes e em tempo real, e a criação de redes híbridas que transitam naturalmente entre mundo virtual e o real (Castells, 2013). Por outro, a tão almejada democratização da comunicação de massas materializou-se apenas parcialmente, já que alguns dos grandes influenciadores do mundo virtual continuam a ser meios de comunicação tradicionalmente capitalistas e hegemónicos – principalmente quando consideramos que os principais veículos para disseminação de informação digital como o Google, o Facebook ou o Twitter são empresas privadas, que visam lucro por meio da venda de espaço publicitário nas suas plataformas, bem como dos dados que fornecemos enquanto utilizadores– enquanto os meios alternativos lutam para conseguir um espaço para si e para as suas agendas contra-hegemónicas entre as inúmeras e dominantes fontes (hegemónicas) de informação disponíveis na Web

Mapping Policymaker Narratives of the Climate Security Nexus on Social Media: A Case Study from Kenya

[EN] Despite increasing awareness of the nexus between climate change and human security, especially in fragile contexts, this complex relationship has yet to be reflected in the policy arena. To investigate this potential policy gap, we apply an online issue mapping approach to assess representations of climate security within the public discourse of policymakers on social media, using Kenya as a case study. Considering Twitter as a proxy for public debate, text mining and network analysis techniques were employed to a corpus of almost 50 thousand tweets from selected national-level state actors, aiming to identify the evolution of thematic trends and actor dynamics. Results show a disassociation between climate, socioeconomic insecurities, and conflict in the public communications of national policymakers. These findings can have useful implications for the policy cycle, indicating where policy attention around climate security-related topics has been and what are the entry points for enhancing sensitivity on the issue.Silveira Carneiro, B.; Resce, G.; Ruscica, G.; Tucci, G. (2023). Mapping Policymaker Narratives of the Climate Security Nexus on Social Media: A Case Study from Kenya. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 103-110. https://doi.org/10.4995/CARMA2023.2023.1645710311

Food insecurity trends in the Famine Early Warning Systems Network

[EN] Over last 30 years, periodic country analyses elaborated by FEWS NET (Famine Early Warning Systems Network of the United States Agency for International Development) enabled creation of a unique source of knowledge comprising consistent reporting in over two dozen countries. This paper proposes to systematically assess documentation from historical perspective to provide comprehensive overview of food insecurity in FEWS NET covered countries. We propose an integrated machine learning approach to systematically analyse available documentation and generate knowledge. In particular text mining algorithms have been implemented to analyse reports: automated retrieval of high-quality information from text, by finding patterns and trends through machine learning, statistics and linguistics. This enables analysis of large amounts of unstructured text to derive insights. Results show that there is a wide heterogeneity in what is relevant, and in what reports focus on at the territorial level. Many country-level topics are persistent over time with some interesting exception, as Guatemala, Malawi, Niger, and Somalia with more instability. Overall, the evidence show that advances in machine learning and Big Data research offer great potential for international development agencies to leverage the vast information generated from reports to gain new insights, providing analytics that can improve decision-making.Carneiro, B.; Perfetto, C.; Resce, G.; Ruscica, G.; Tucci, G. (2023). Food insecurity trends in the Famine Early Warning Systems Network. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 171-178. https://doi.org/10.4995/CARMA2023.2023.1643317117

Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus? Mapping climate security policy narratives in Uganda

This factsheet answers if policy makers are aware of the climate security nexus, using social media analysis. The results show a disassociation between climate, socioeconomic insecurities, and conflict in the public communications of policy makers. This publication is part of a factsheet series reporting on the findings of the CGIAR FOCUS Climate Security Observatory work in Africa (Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe). The research is centered around 5 questions: 1. How does climate exacerbate root causes of conflict? 2. Where are hotspots of climate insecurities ? 3.What is the underlying structure of the climate, conflict, and socio-economic system? 4. Are climate and security policies coherent and integrated? 5. Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus

How does climate exacerbate root causes of conflict? Mapping the science around climate security

This factsheet gives answers on how global climate research addresses the dynamics between climate, socio-economic factors, and conflict, and how the countries in focus for the Climate Security Observatory are represented in this literature. The analysis has found that while the literature is cognisant of the mechanisms by which climate exacerbates the risk for conflicts, there is still space for research that aims to disentangle the complexity of the climate security nexus. This publication is part of a factsheet series reporting on the findings of the CGIAR FOCUS Climate Security Observatory work in Africa (Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe). The research is centered around 5 questions: 1. How does climate exacerbate root causes of conflict? 2. Where are hotspots of climate insecurities ? 3.What is the underlying structure of the climate, conflict, and socio-economic system? 4. Are climate and security policies coherent and integrated? 5. Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus

Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus? Mapping climate security policy narratives in Sudan

This factsheet answers if policy makers are aware of the climate security nexus, using social media analysis. The results show a disassociation between climate, socioeconomic insecurities, and conflict in the public communications of policy makers. This publication is part of a factsheet series reporting on the findings of the CGIAR FOCUS Climate Security Observatory work in Africa (Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe). The research is centered around 5 questions: 1. How does climate exacerbate root causes of conflict? 2. Where are hotspots of climate insecurities ? 3.What is the underlying structure of the climate, conflict, and socio-economic system? 4. Are climate and security policies coherent and integrated? 5. Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus

Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus? Mapping climate security policy narratives in Zimbabwe

This factsheet answers if policy makers are aware of the climate security nexus, using social media analysis. The results show a disassociation between climate, socioeconomic insecurities, and conflict in the public communications of policy makers. This publication is part of a factsheet series reporting on the findings of the CGIAR FOCUS Climate Security Observatory work in Africa (Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe). The research is centered around 5 questions: 1. How does climate exacerbate root causes of conflict? 2. Where are hotspots of climate insecurities ? 3.What is the underlying structure of the climate, conflict, and socio-economic system? 4. Are climate and security policies coherent and integrated? 5. Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus

Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus? Mapping climate security policy narratives in Nigeria

This factsheet answers if policy makers are aware of the climate security nexus, using social media analysis. The results show a disassociation between climate, socioeconomic insecurities, and conflict in the public communications of policy makers. This publication is part of a factsheet series reporting on the findings of the CGIAR FOCUS Climate Security Observatory work in Africa (Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe). The research is centered around 5 questions: 1. How does climate exacerbate root causes of conflict? 2. Where are hotspots of climate insecurities ? 3.What is the underlying structure of the climate, conflict, and socio-economic system? 4. Are climate and security policies coherent and integrated? 5. Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus

Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus? Mapping climate security policy narratives in Mali

This factsheet answers if policy makers are aware of the climate security nexus, using social media analysis. The results show a disassociation between climate, socioeconomic insecurities, and conflict in the public communications of policy makers. This publication is part of a factsheet series reporting on the findings of the CGIAR FOCUS Climate Security Observatory work in Africa (Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe). The research is centered around 5 questions: 1. How does climate exacerbate root causes of conflict? 2. Where are hotspots of climate insecurities ? 3.What is the underlying structure of the climate, conflict, and socio-economic system? 4. Are climate and security policies coherent and integrated? 5. Are policy makers aware of the climate security nexus