45 research outputs found
A nonlinear approach to NN interactions using self-interacting meson fields
Motivated by the success of models based on chiral symmetry in NN
interactions we investigate self-interacting scalar, pseudoscalar and vector
meson fields and their impact for NN forces. We parametrize the corresponding
nonlinear field equations and get analytic wavelike solutions. A probability
amplitude for the propagation of particle states is calculated and applied in
the framework of a boson-exchange NN potential. Using a proper normalization of
the meson fields makes all self-scattering amplitudes finite. The same
normalization is able to substitute for the phenomenological form factors used
in conventional boson exchange potentials and thus yields an phenomenological
understanding of this part of the NN interaction. We find an empirical scaling
law which relates the meson self-interaction couplings to the pion mass and
self-interaction coupling constant. Our model yields np phase shifts comparable
to the Bonn B potential results and deuteron properties, in excellent agreement
with experimental data.Comment: Reviewed version, 25 pages REVTeX, more info at
http://i04ktha.desy.d
Towards automated composition of convergent services: A survey
A convergent service is defined as a service that exploits the convergence of
communication networks and at the same time takes advantage of features of
the Web. Nowadays, building up a convergent service is not trivial, because
although there are significant approaches that aim to automate the service
composition at different levels in the Web and Telecom domains, selecting
the most appropriate approach for specific case studies is complex due to
the big amount of involved information and the lack of technical considerations.
Thus, in this paper, we identify the relevant phases for convergent
service composition and explore the existing approaches and their associated
technologies for automating each phase. For each technology, the maturity
and results are analysed, as well as the elements that must be considered
prior to their application in real scenarios. Furthermore, we provide research
directions related to the convergent service composition phases
Local realizations of contact interactions in two- and three-body problems
Mathematically rigorous theory of the two-body contact interaction in three
dimension is reviewed. Local potential realizations of this proper contact
interaction are given in terms of Poschl-Teller, exponential and square-well
potentials. Three body calculation is carried out for the halo nucleus 11Li
using adequately represented contact interaction.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev.
Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) registry in spain for the years 2007, 2008 and 2009 (Nadya-SENPE group)
Objetivo: Comunicar los datos del registro de Nutrición
Parenteral Domiciliaria (NPD) del grupo de trabajo
NADYA-SENPE de los años 2007, 2008 y 2009.
Material y métodos: Recopilación de los datos del registro
“on-line” introducidos por las Unidades responsables
del seguimiento de la NPD desde el 1 de enero de 2007 al 31
de diciembre de 2009 dividido por años naturales.
Resultados: Año 2007: Se registraron 133 pacientes
con NPD (61 hombres y 72 mujeres), de 21 hospitales. La
edad media de los 119 pacientes mayores de 13 años fue de
53,7 ± 14,9 años, y de 3,6 ± 3,6 años la de los 14 pacientes
que no los superaban. La patología más frecuente fue la
neoplasia (24%) seguida de las alteraciones de la motilidad
intestinal y la enteritis posradiación (ambas 14%).
En el 43% de los casos el motivo de indicación fue el síndrome
de intestino corto, seguido de malabsorción (27%)
y obstrucción intestinal (23%). Los catéteres más utilizados
fueron los tunelizados (69%) y los reservorios subcutáneos
(27%). Las complicaciones mas frecuentes fueron
las sépticas relacionadas con el catéter con una tasa de
0,92 infecciones por cada mil días de NPD. La duración de
la NPD fue superior a los dos años en el 50% de los casos.
Al acabar el año seguía en activo el 71,4% de los pacientes;
la muerte fue la principal causa de la finalización de
la NPD (57,5%). El 26% de los pacientes se consideraron
candidatos al trasplante intestinal.
Año 2008: Se registraron 143 pacientes con NPD (62
hombres y 81mujeres), de 24 hospitales. La edad media
de los 133 pacientes mayores de 13 años fue de 54,7 ± 13,9
años, y de 3,7 ± 0,6 años la de los 10 pacientes que no los
superaban. La patología más frecuente fue la neoplasia
(20%) seguida de la enteritis rádica (14%) y las alteraciones
de la motilidad intestinal (13%). En el 44% de los
casos el motivo de indicación fue el síndrome de intestino
corto, seguido de malabsorción (28%) y obstrucción
Nutriintestinal
(20%). Los catéteres más utilizados fueron los
tunelizados (60%) y los reservorios subcutáneos (29%).
Las complicaciones mas frecuentes fueron las sépticas
relacionadas con el catéter con una tasa de 0,50 infecciones
por cada mil días de NPD. La duración de la NPD fue
superior a los dos años en el 67% de los casos. Al acabar el
año seguía en activo el 71,6% de los pacientes; la muerte
fue la principal causa de la finalización de la NPD
(52,4%). El 29% de los pacientes se consideraron candidatos
al trasplante intestinal.
Año 2009: Se registraron 158 pacientes con NPD (62
hombres y 96 mujeres), de 24 hospitales. La edad media
de los 149 pacientes mayores de 13 años fue de 55,2 ± 13,0
años. La patología más frecuente fue la neoplasia (25%)
seguida de la enteritis rádica (12%) y las alteraciones de
la motilidad intestinal (11%). En el 42% de los casos el
motivo de indicación fue el síndrome de intestino corto,
seguido de malabsorción y obstrucción intestinal (ambas
23%). Los catéteres más utilizados fueron los tunelizados
(60%) y los reservorios subcutáneos (36%). Las complicaciones
mas frecuentes fueron las sépticas relacionadas
con el catéter con una tasa de 0,67 infecciones por cada
mil días de NPD. La duración de la NPD fue superior a los
dos años en el 58% de los casos. Al acabar el año seguía en
activo el 79,2% de los pacientes; el paso a alimentación
oral fue la principal causa de la finalización de la NPD
(48%). El 23% de los pacientes se consideraron candidatos
a trasplante intestinal.
Conclusiones: Se observa un aumento progresivo de
los pacientes registrados respecto a años anteriores con
una prevalencia muy variable según comunidades autónomas.
La principal patología sigue siendo la neoplasia,
que ocupa el primer lugar desde 2003. Se aprecia una disminución
de las complicaciones sépticas relacionadas con
el catéter en los dos últimos años, siendo la tasa de 2008 la
más baja desde la creación del registroObjective: To report the data of the Home Parenteral
Nutrition (HPN) registry of the NADYA-SENPE working
group for the years 2007, 2008 and 2009.
Methodology: We compiled the data from the on-line
registry introduced by the responsible Units for the monitoring
of HPN from January 1st 2007 to December 31st
2009. Included fields were: age, sex, diagnosis and reason
for HPN, access path, complications, beginning and end
dates, complementary oral or enteral nutrition, activity
level, autonomy degree, product and fungible material
supply, withdrawal reason and intestinal transplant indication.
Results: 2007: 133 patients with HPN were registered
(61 males and 72 females), belonging to 21 hospitals.
Average age for the 119 patients older than 13 years old
was 53.7 ± 14.9 years, and 3.6 ± 3.6 y. for the 14 patients
under 14 years old. Most frequent pathology was neoplasm
(24%), followed by intestinal motility disorders
and actinic enteritis (14% both). The reason for HPN provision
was short bowel syndrome (43%), malabsorption
(27%), and intestinal obstruction (23%). Tunnelled
catheters were mostly used (69%), followed by implanted
port-catheters (27%). Catheter related infections were
the most frequent complications, with a rate of 0.92
episodes/103 HPN days. HPN was provided for more than
two years in 50% of the cases. By the end of 2007, 71.4%
of the patients remained active; exitus was the most frequent
reason to end HPN (57.5%). 26% of the patients
were eligible for intestinal transplant.
2008: 143 patients with HPN were registered (62 males
and 81 females), belonging to 24 hospitals. Average age
for the 133 patients older than 13 years old was 54.7 ± 13.9
years, and 3.7 ± 0.6 y. for the 10 patients under 14 years
old. Most frequent pathology was neoplasm (20%), followed
by actinic enteritis (14%) and intestinal motility
disorders (13% ). The reason for HPN provision was
short bowel syndrome (44%), malabsorption (28%), and
intestinal obstruction (20%). Tunnelled catheters were
mostly used (60%), followed by implanted port-catheters
(29%). Catheter related infections were the most frequent
complications, with a rate of 0.50 episodes/103 HPN
days. HPN was provided for more than two years in 67%
of the cases. By the end of 2008, 71.6% of the patients
remained active; exitus was the most frequent reason to
end HPN (52.4%). 29% of the patients were eligible for
intestinal transplant.
2009: 158 patients with HPN were registered (62 males
and 96 females), belonging to 24 hospitals. Average age
for the 149 patients older than 13 years old was 55.2 ± 13.0
years. Most frequent pathology was neoplasm (25%), followed
by actinic enteritis (12%) and intestinal motility
disorders (11%). The reason for HPN provision was short
bowel syndrome (42%), malabsorption, and intestinal
obstruction (23% both). Tunnelled catheters were mostly
used (60%), followed by implanted port-catheters (36%).
Catheter related infections were the most frequent complications,
with a rate of 0.67 episodes/103 HPN days.
HPN was provided for more than two years in 58% of the
cases. By the end of 2009, 79.2% of the patients remained
active; full oral nutrition was the most frequent reason to
end HPN (48%). 23% of the patients were eligible for
intestinal transplant.
Conclusions: We observe an increase in registered
patients with respect to previous years, with a very different
prevalence among regions. Neoplasia remains as the
main pathology since 2003. We observe a decrease in
catheter-related infections in the last two years, being the
2008 rate the smallest since the register’s beginning
Enzyme-powered gated mesoporous silica nanomotors for on-command intracellular payload delivery
\u3cp\u3eThe introduction of stimuli-responsive cargo release capabilities on self-propelled micro- A nd nanomotors holds enormous potential in a number of applications in the biomedical field. Herein, we report the preparation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles gated with pH-responsive supramolecular nanovalves and equipped with urease enzymes which act as chemical engines to power the nanomotors. The nanoparticles are loaded with different cargo molecules ([Ru(bpy)\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e]Cl\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) or doxorubicin), grafted with benzimidazole groups on the outer surface, and capped by the formation of inclusion complexes between benzimidazole and cyclodextrin-modified urease. The nanomotor exhibits enhanced Brownian motion in the presence of urea. Moreover, no cargo is released at neutral pH, even in the presence of the biofuel urea, due to the blockage of the pores by the bulky benzimidazole:cyclodextrin-urease caps. Cargo delivery is only triggered on-command at acidic pH due to the protonation of benzimidazole groups, the dethreading of the supramolecular nanovalves, and the subsequent uncapping of the nanoparticles. Studies with HeLa cells indicate that the presence of biofuel urea enhances nanoparticle internalization and both [Ru(bpy)\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e]Cl\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e or doxorubicin intracellular release due to the acidity of lysosomal compartments. Gated enzyme-powered nanomotors shown here display some of the requirements for ideal drug delivery carriers such as the capacity to self-propel and the ability to sense the environment and deliver the payload on demand in response to predefined stimuli.\u3c/p\u3