Von kompetenzzellenbasierten Produktionsnetzen lernen - Eine Untersuchung am Beispiel von „Anbietergemeinschaften aus Stromerzeugern und -verbrauchern“: Von kompetenzzellenbasierten Produktionsnetzen lernen - Eine Untersuchung am Beispiel von „Anbietergemeinschaften aus Stromerzeugern und -verbrauchern“

1 EINFÜHRUNG Der Beitrag diskutiert ein Vorgehensmodell zur Übertragung eines Vernetzungsansatzes für sehr kleine Wertschöpfungseinheiten, vornehmlich aus dem Maschinenbau, in die Domäne Dezentrale Energieversorgung. Es handelt sich dabei um den kompetenzzellenbasierten Vernetzungsansatz (KVA), ein Artefakt des DFG-Forschungsprojektes „Hierarchielose regionale Produktionsnetze“ (Sonderforschungsbereich 457). Das Lernen setzt die Analyse sowie das Erkennen und Verstehen des Forschungsgegenstandes KVA voraus. Von besonderem Interesse sind die Forschungsergebnisse zu den aufbau- und ablauforganisatorischen Grundbetrachtungen über die Zusammenarbeit von Kompetenzzellen. Können diese Ergebnisse einen wissenschaftlichen und praktischen Nutzen für die Organisation von Anbietergemeinschaften aus Stromerzeugern und -verbrauchern stiften? Dazu werden das Gestaltungskonzept Zwei-Ebenen-Kooperation und das Konzept der Kompetenzzelle untersucht. Für die Übertragung wird die Modellierungssprache Unified Modeling Language 2 (UML2) zur Beschreibung von Struktur, Funktion und Organisation vorgeschlagen

Optics Payload System for 12U Sun Monitoring CubeSat

As American and international space agencies are planning to establish a long-term human presence in deep space, it is crucial to understand risk associated with solar activity. The Solar and Coronal Observation of Radiation and Catastrophic events to Humans (SCORCH) CubeSat is a response to NASA Strategic Knowledge Gap II-A, which is the need to Define active regions that are potential Solar Energetic Particles/Coronal Mass Ejection sites over the 1/2 of a solar rotation.” The primary objective of the SCORCH mission is to provide real-time monitoring and alert capabilities through a 12U heliocentric CubeSat. This report details the design of the scientific payload, which includes a white light coronagraph and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imager. The white light coronagraph is included to monitor coronal behavior, whereas the extreme ultraviolet imager will analyze the solar disk for areas of increased activity. The system is designed with a rotating gear wheel, containing 30.4 nm, 28.4 nm, and 17.1 nm EUV filters, as well as a 97.86 µm diameter occulter. The wheel is aligned between a telescope and a CMOS camera to utilize one filter or the occulter at a time. Operationally, the EUV filters would utilize 1.5 second exposures, the coronagraph would utilize 5 second exposures, and the wheel would take 1 second to rotate between positions to minimize torque effects on the spacecraft. The SCORCH payload is proposed for use in a constellation of spacecraft in heliocentric orbits that will provide multiple data points for solar behavior

Toward a Tool for Sentiment Analysis for German Historic Plays

We present a project in which we investigate the chances of sentiment analysis in the context of German historic plays, more concretely eleven plays by G.E. Lessing. We evaluated several lexicon-based sentiment analysis techniques against a gold standard of 200 speeches that were manually annotated with sentiment information in an annotation study. The combination of methods with the best performance was used to create a web-based tool. The tool allows users to explore sentiment progressions and distributions on structural levels (acts, scenes, speeches) as well as for speakers and speaker relations

An Evaluation of Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis Techniques for the Plays of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

We present results from a project on sentiment analysis of drama texts, more concretely the plays of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. We conducted an annotation study to create a gold standard for a systematic evaluation. The gold standard consists of 200 speeches of Lessing’s plays and was manually annotated with sentiment information by five annotators. We use the gold standard data to evaluate the performance of different German sentiment lexicons and processing configurations like lemmatization, the extension of lexicons with historical linguistic variants, and stop words elimination, to explore the influence of these parameters and to find best practices for our domain of application. The best performing configuration accomplishes an accuracy of 70%. We discuss the problems and challenges for sentiment analysis in this area and describe our next steps toward further research

Lunar Modular Operations Tool Holster: Space Suit Attachment Quick Release Device

The Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) Spacesuit Utilization of Innovative Technology Laboratory (S.U.I.T. Lab) specializes in spacesuit operations, testing, and analysis with a focus on human performance. The lab promotes undergraduate research and works to involve students in all disciplines. A majority of the students involved with the lab are studying Spaceflight Operations, Aerospace/Mechanical Engineering, or Human Factors. This proposal, created by undergraduate students at ERAU, seeks to describe the capabilities of the Luna Modular Operations Tool Holster (LunaMOTH). LunaMOTH has been designed to enable an astronaut to quickly and easily remove and replace a tool on the spacesuit utility belt during work on the lunar surface. The attachment system is composed of two interlocking portions: the suit-side interface and the tool-side interface. The tool-side interface is a protruding knob on an oblong neck that slides into a slot on the suit-side interface. This is kept in place by the resistance of spring plungers installed in the sides of this slot. The modular system includes a wedge-shaped backplate that further discourages accidental release of the tool, should an additional level of security be desired. To remove a tool from the stowed configuration, the astronaut applies minimal force to lift the neck of the tool-side interface past the plungers. The tool is returned by guiding the tool-side interface into the opening of the suit-side interface and applying downward force to lock them together. LunaMOTH is designed with user mobility and dust tolerance in mind and will assist astronauts in efficiently completing tasks during Extravehicular Activity (EVA) operations on the Moon

Single Molecule Fluorescence Image Patterns Linked to Dipole Orientation and Axial Position: Application to Myosin Cross-Bridges in Muscle Fibers

Photoactivatable fluorescent probes developed specifically for single molecule detection extend advantages of single molecule imaging to high probe density regions of cells and tissues. They perform in the native biomolecule environment and have been used to detect both probe position and orientation.Fluorescence emission from a single photoactivated probe captured in an oil immersion, high numerical aperture objective, produces a spatial pattern on the detector that is a linear combination of 6 independent and distinct spatial basis patterns with weighting coefficients specifying emission dipole orientation. Basis patterns are tabulated for single photoactivated probes labeling myosin cross-bridges in a permeabilized muscle fiber undergoing total internal reflection illumination. Emitter proximity to the glass/aqueous interface at the coverslip implies the dipole near-field and dipole power normalization are significant affecters of the basis patterns. Other characteristics of the basis patterns are contributed by field polarization rotation with transmission through the microscope optics and refraction by the filter set. Pattern recognition utilized the generalized linear model, maximum likelihood fitting, for Poisson distributed uncertainties. This fitting method is more appropriate for treating low signal level photon counting data than χ(2) minimization.Results indicate that emission dipole orientation is measurable from the intensity image except for the ambiguity under dipole inversion. The advantage over an alternative method comparing two measured polarized emission intensities using an analyzing polarizer is that information in the intensity spatial distribution provides more constraints on fitted parameters and a single image provides all the information needed. Axial distance dependence in the emission pattern is also exploited to measure relative probe position near focus. Single molecule images from axial scanning fitted simultaneously boost orientation and axial resolution in simulation

Toward Multimodal Sentiment Analysis of Historic Plays: A Case Study with Text and Audio for Lessing’s Emilia Galotti

We present a case study as part of a work-in-progress project about multimodal sentiment analysis on historic German plays, taking Emilia Galotti by G. E. Lessing as our initial use case. We analyze the textual version and an audio version (audiobook). We focus on ready-to-use sentiment analysis methods: For the textual component, we implement a naive lexicon-based approach and another approach that enhances the lexicon by means of several NLP methods. For the audio analysis, we use the free version of the Vokaturi tool. We compare the results of all approaches and evaluate them against the annotations of a human expert, which serves as a gold standard. For our use case, we can show that audio and text sentiment analysis behave very differently: textual sentiment analysis tends to predict sentiment as rather negative and audio sentiment as rather positive. Compared to the gold standard, the textual sentiment analysis achieves accuracies of 56% while the accuracy for audio sentiment analysis is only 32%. We discuss possible reasons for these mediocre results and give an outlook on further steps we want to pursue in the context of multimodal sentiment analysis on historic plays

Age- and Gender-Related Differences in the Geometric Properties and Biomechanical Significance of Intracortical Porosity in the Distal Radius and Tibia

Cortical bone contributes the majority of overall bone mass and bears the bulk of axial loads in the peripheral skeleton. Bone metabolic disorders often are manifested by cortical microstructural changes via osteonal remodeling and endocortical trabecularization. The goal of this study was to characterize intracortical porosity in a cross-sectional patient cohort using novel quantitative computational methods applied to high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) images of the distal radius and tibia. The distal radius and tibia of 151 subjects (57 male, 94 female; 47 ± 16 years of age, range 20 to 78 years) were imaged using HR-pQCT. Intracortical porosity (Ct.Po) was calculated as the pore volume normalized by the sum of the pore and cortical bone volume. Micro–finite element analysis (µFE) was used to simulate 1% uniaxial compression for two scenarios per data set: (1) the original structure and (2) the structure with intracortical porosity artificially occluded. Differential biomechanical indices for stiffness (ΔK), modulus (ΔE), failure load (ΔF), and cortical load fraction (ΔCt.LF) were calculated as the difference between original and occluded values. Regression analysis revealed that cortical porosity, as depicted by HR-pQCT, exhibited moderate but significant age-related dependence for both male and female cohorts (radius ρ = 0.7; tibia ρ = 0.5; p < .001). In contrast, standard cortical metrics (Ct.Th, Ct.Ar, and Ct.vBMD) were more weakly correlated or not significantly correlated with age in this population. Furthermore, differential µFE analysis revealed that the biomechanical deficit (ΔK) associated with cortical porosity was significantly higher for postmenopausal women than for premenopausal women (p < .001). Finally, porosity-related measures provided the only significant decade-wise discrimination in the radius for females in their fifties versus females in their sixties (p < .01). Several important conclusions can be drawn from these results. Age-related differences in cortical porosity, as detected by HR-pQCT, are more pronounced than differences in standard cortical metrics. The biomechanical significance of these structural differences increases with age for men and women and provides discriminatory information for menopause-related bone quality effects. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Sentiment Annotation of Historic German Plays: An Empirical Study on Annotation Behavior

We present results of a sentiment annotation study in the context of historical German plays. Our annotation corpus consists of 200 representative speeches from the German playwright Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. Six annotators, five non-experts and one expert in the domain, annotated the speeches according to different sentiment annotation schemes. They had to annotate the differentiated polarity (very negative, negative, neutral, mixed, positive, very positive), the binary polarity (positive/negative) and the occurrence of eight basic emotions. After the annotation, the participants completed a questionnaire about their experience of the annotation process; additional feedback was gathered in a closing interview. Analysis of the annotations shows that the agreement among annotators ranges from low to mediocre. The non-expert annotators perceive the task as very challenging and report different problems in understanding the language and the context. Although fewer problems occur for the expert annotator, we cannot find any differences in the agreement levels among non-experts and between the expert and the non-experts. At the end of the paper, we discuss the implications of this study and future research plans for this area