1,517 research outputs found
Leeds Free School Meals Research Project (Phase 2 Report: Findings from the pilot phase Leeds Metropolitan University)
Free school meals aim to provide a ānutritional safety netā for the poorest UK children. Yet it is estimated that up to 30% of those entitled do not take up this entitlement. In Leeds approximately 6,000 children do not take the free school meals that they are entitled to. National and local targets are for 100% take up. Phase 2 of the Leeds Free School Meal Research Project aimed to develop, implement and evaluate a series of interventions to increase the uptake of free school meals. The interventions were tested in ten Leeds schools between December 2007 and October 2008. The research was undertaken by the Department of Nutrition & Dietetics within The Centre of Food Nutrition and Health at Leeds Metropolitan University on behalf of Education Leeds
Simultaneous X-ray and optical observations of the flaring X-ray source, Aquila A-1
During the summer of 1978 the recurrent transient X-ray source, Aquila X-1, underwent its first major outburst in two years. The results of extensive observations at X-ray and optical wavelengths throughout this event, which lasted for approximately two months are presented. The peak X-ray luminosity was approximately 1.3 times that of the Crab and exhibited spectral dependent flickering on timescales approximately 5 minutes. The observations are interpreted in terms of a standard accretion disk model withparticular emphasis on the similarities to Sco X-1 and other dward X-ray systems, although the transient nature of the system remains unexplained. It was found that Aquila X-1 can be described adequately by the semi-detached Roche lobe model and yields a mass ratio of less than or approximate to 3.5
Development of flight check-out system Final report
Flight checkout system breadboard design, construction and testin
The rise of bubbles in a glass tube and the spectrum of bubbles produced by a splash
Bubbles produced by a volume of 500 cc of water falling through a distance of 1.07 m into a water-filled basin were allowed to rise into an adjacent water-filled tube whose top was sealed at a level of 1.7 m above the level of water in the basin. The rise of these bubbles was recorded on video at a height of 1.5 m above the level of the splash: larger bubbles were recorded first. A model has been devised to describe the rise of such bubbles. The rise speed of the bubbles at the level of the video camera decreased with time after a splash, becoming nearly constant after a few minutes. The model used this long term rise speed to estimate the nitrogen saturation in the water. Oxygen saturation is measured by an electrode. Given the saturation it was then possible to use the model to calculate the initial spectrum of bubbles rising up the tube from the splash (i.e. the spectrum of such bubbles a second or two after the splash, when bubble fractionation or coalescence has ceased). The smallest bubble that could be seen depends on the gas saturation, but was typically of initial radius 20 Ī¼m, corresponding to a radius of 50-70 Ī¼m at the level of the video. Such spectra were found at different saturations, distances from the splash and salinities. At gas saturations of 105%-120%, a peak appears in the spectrum at a radius of about 20 Ī¼m. The time of admission of bubbles into the tube after a splash could also be restricted. For unrestricted sampling times, dN/dr varied as rā1.5, when expressed as a power law. The spectrum above the peak value became steeper at later sampling times. At salinities below about 10 ppt, the number of bubbles of calculated initial radius \u3c 600 Ī¼m is reduced. While no attempt was made to produce a realistic breaking wave, these results are relevant to attempts to define a source function of bubbles at sea, and to comparisons between fresh and salt water experiments
Oral health awareness and care preferences in patients with diabetes : a qualitative study
Background
People with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of oral health problems; however, oral health is currently not included in structured diabetes reviews and education in the UK.
Aim and Objectives
This study explores the patient experience related to oral health and diabetes, especially in relation to:
ā¢ Awareness of the link between oral health and diabetes and oral self care needs
ā¢ Interaction with health professionals in dental and general practice
ā¢ Preferences for receiving oral health information and education
Methods
This nested qualitative study involved semi-structured telephone interviews with a purposive sample of 20 participants from a questionnaire study on oral health awareness in patients with diabetes. Interview transcripts were analysed using a thematic framework approach.
Results
Participants were mostly unaware of the link between oral health and diabetes. Those that had been made aware by a health professional were not given concrete self care advice. Interactions with dental professionals were often limited to informing the dental practice of their diagnosis and current medication. Most participants were in favour of dentists screening for diabetes, but as their general practice was the hub for diabetes care, they felt GPs or nurses should provide oral health information and discuss oral health with patients.
Conclusions
Written information regarding diabetes and its possible effects on oral health needs to be more readily available to people with diabetes, especially at diagnosis. There may be a place for introducing a structured oral health question in routine diabetes reviews
The effects of regional insolation differences upon advanced solar thermal electric power plant performance and energy costs
The performance and cost of the 10 MWe advanced solar thermal electric power plants sited in various regions of the continental United States were determined. The regional insolation data base is discussed. A range for the forecast cost of conventional electricity by region and nationally over the next several cades are presented
The effects of regional insolation differences upon advanced solar thermal electric power plant performance and energy costs
The performance and cost of four 10 MWe advanced solar thermal electric power plants sited in various regions of the continental United States was studied. Each region has different insolation characteristics which result in varying collector field areas, plant performance, capital costs and energy costs. The regional variation in solar plant performance was assessed in relation to the expected rise in the future cost of residential and commercial electricity supplied by conventional utility power systems in the same regions. A discussion of the regional insolation data base is presented along with a description of the solar systems performance and costs. A range for the forecast cost of conventional electricity by region and nationally over the next several decades is given
Radiation mechanisms and geometry of Cygnus X-1 in the soft state
We present X-ray/gamma-ray spectra of Cyg X-1 observed during the transition
from the hard to the soft state and in the soft state by ASCA, RXTE and OSSE in
1996 May and June. The spectra consist of a dominant soft component below ~2
keV and a power-law-like continuum extending to at least ~800 keV. We interpret
them as emission from an optically-thick, cold accretion disc and from an
optically-thin, non-thermal corona above the disc. A fraction f ~ 0.6 of total
available power is dissipated in the corona. We model the soft component by
multi-colour blackbody disc emission taking into account the torque-free
inner-boundary condition. If the disc extends down to the minimum stable orbit,
the ASCA/RXTE data yield the most probable black hole mass of about 10 solar
masses and an accretion rate about 0.5 L_E/c^2, locating Cyg X-1 in the soft
state in the upper part of the stable, gas-pressure dominated, accretion-disc
solution branch. The spectrum of the corona is well modelled by repeated
Compton scattering of seed photons from the disc off electrons with a hybrid,
thermal/non-thermal distribution. The electron distribution can be
characterized by a Maxwellian with an equilibrium temperature of kT ~ 30--50
keV and a Thomson optical depth of ~0.3 and a quasi-power-law tail. The
compactness of the corona is between 2 and 7, and a presence of a significant
population of electron-positron pairs is ruled out. We find strong signatures
of Compton reflection from a cold and ionized medium, presumably an accretion
disc, with an apparent reflector solid angle ~0.5--0.7. The reflected continuum
is accompanied by a broad iron K-alpha line.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures, 2 landscape tables in a separate file. Accepted
to MNRA
- ā¦