Language and emotive factors : the outline of problems involved

The cognitive framework seems to comply with the need of interdisciplinary outlook on the issue of emotions, as it itself draws upon findings of psychological, anthropological and philosophical research. Along with undertaking further studies on the conceptualization of emotions in different languages, from the detailed analysis of the repertoire of linguistic means used for talking about emotions to investigation into tendencies to use metaphors or metonymies to talk about emotions, some broader conclusions could be drawn. The greatest challenge seems to be establishing whether there are any cultural (social, economical, conventional, political, religious) conditions that may influence the relevant changes in conceptualizing emotions in different languages and whether it is possible to point to any laws or regularities that would govern these changes

How women drove 'spirits' out of their local communities : the 'exorcism' of non-governmental organizations : a comparative case study

The process of system transformation in Poland and Central-Eastern Europe brought forth numerous economic benefits and social acceptance. However, it also presented challenging social problems, particularly at the local level. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), often led by female leaders, took on the responsibility of gradually addressing these issues. By identifying the needs and expectations of the communities they served, NGOs became significant agents in resolving local social problems. Unfortunately, the actions and perspectives of women in these NGOs, who played a crucial role in their establishment and development over the decades of the system transformation period, remain inadequately recognized in the existing literature. The research presented in this text aimed to explore and understand how women-led NGOs defined and addressed the social problems of local communities during the system transformation in Poland. To achieve this, the metaphor of spirits and exorcisms was employed. The research utilized a comparative case study approach, focusing on four NGOs founded and managed by women across different phases of the system transformation in Poland. In-depth interviews, observations, and document and website analyses were conducted within each case study. This research contributes to the micro-level understanding of the contributions made by women-led NGOs to the process of system transformation in Poland

'Catholic Coachella', 'Papal Rock Concer'? : case study of the World Youth Day in Cracow as an example of a successful religious project

Objective: The World Youth Day (the WYD) with about 3 million Catholics from all over the world participating directly in a single place and time is one of the biggest and most spectacular projects organized on regular basis by the Catholic Church since more than 30 years ago. From the perspective of management sciences, we presented the WYD as an example of a very large organisational event which requires the people who execute it to display managerial skills ade-quate for managing megaevents. The research problem that we pondered concerns what made the WYD, as a particular type of project - a large-scale religious event - successful. Methodology: We conducted an in-depth analysis of the literature and the study of the organ-isation and execution of the World Youth Day held in Cracow in between 25 and 31 July 2016. The combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods was selected: desk research analysis, in-depth individual interviews and partly categorised quantitative interviews. Findings: The results of the research indicate that particularly inspiring for the management practice is, among others, an exceptional ability to involve and motivate project's stakeholders and special purpose entities which the organisers of the Cracow WYD displayed. Value Added:In our considerations, we point out the specific type of a project - a global event of a religious nature - that according to our knowledge was not a subject of research in the field of management studies and thus we fill out the existing research gap. Recommendations: The exploratory character of the study may inspire further research into the success factors of soft megaprojects and in particular those of religious nature

The role of trust in sustainable heritage management networks : case study of selected cultural routes in Poland

Currently, the most common way of managing cultural heritage in a sustainable manner takes the form of cultural routes. The phenomenon of cultural routes mainly results from their innovative organisation, different from the previously adopted institutionalised and formalised heritage management structure that did not align with the contemporary discourse around cultural heritage, which currently constitutes one of the bases of sustainable development. The novel idea focuses on the active involvement of many diverse entities in heritage management: not only public sector organisations with their statutory appointment for this purpose, but, first and foremost, entrepreneurs who create heritage products, tourists visiting sites on the route, or people who create this heritage. Thus, the cultural route acquires the characteristics of a network-points (nodes) that are shaped depending on the needs of the region and its inhabitants, their knowledge, experience, current ideas about a given place, and the way in which specific communities would like to be perceived. The undertaken research problem explores what features cultural route networks have and how they are managed, as well as what values, including trust, are manifested in the mutual relations of route-related entities. An original concept of shaping trust within the network of cultural routes has also been proposed based on the research results

How Women Drove ‘Spirits’ out of Their Local Communities: The ‘Exorcism’ of Non-Governmental Organizations: A Comparative Case Study

The process of system transformation in Poland and Central-Eastern Europe brought forth numerous economic benefits and social acceptance. However, it also presented challengingsocial problems, particularly at the local level. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), often led by female leaders, took on the responsibility of gradually addressing these issues. By identifying the needs and expectations of the communities they served, NGOs became significant agents in resolving local social problems. Unfortunately, the actions andperspectives of women in these NGOs, who played a crucial role in their establishment and development over the decades of the system transformation period, remain inadequatelyrecognized in the existing literature. The research presented in this text aimed to explore and understand how women-led NGOs defined and addressed the social problems of localcommunities during the system transformation in Poland. To achieve this, the metaphor of spirits and exorcisms was employed. The research utilized a comparative case studyapproach, focusing on four NGOs founded and managed by women across different phases of the system transformation in Poland. In-depth interviews, observations, and documentand website analyses were conducted within each case study. This research contributes to the micro-level understanding of the contributions made by women-led NGOs to theprocess of system transformation in Poland.The process of system transformation in Poland and Central-Eastern Europe brought forth numerous economic benefits and social acceptance. However, it also presented challengingsocial problems, particularly at the local level. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), often led by female leaders, took on the responsibility of gradually addressing these issues. By identifying the needs and expectations of the communities they served, NGOs became significant agents in resolving local social problems. Unfortunately, the actions andperspectives of women in these NGOs, who played a crucial role in their establishment and development over the decades of the system transformation period, remain inadequatelyrecognized in the existing literature. The research presented in this text aimed to explore and understand how women-led NGOs defined and addressed the social problems of localcommunities during the system transformation in Poland. To achieve this, the metaphor of spirits and exorcisms was employed. The research utilized a comparative case studyapproach, focusing on four NGOs founded and managed by women across different phases of the system transformation in Poland. In-depth interviews, observations, and documentand website analyses were conducted within each case study. This research contributes to the micro-level understanding of the contributions made by women-led NGOs to theprocess of system transformation in Poland

Probiotics in colon cancer prevention

Probiotics are live, selected microbial strains that have a beneficial effect on the human body and when introduced into the body, they colonize in the digestive tract, especially in the large intestine, exerting a beneficial effect on the health of the host. The microbial strains, so that they can be included in the probiotics, must be thoroughly tested and meet several conditions. These microorganisms multiply in the gastrointestinal tract and are competitive for pathogenic microorganisms that cause infection. Probiotic bacteria are found in natural yogurts, sour milk, sauerkraut, pickled cucumbers. Many studies show a positive correlation between the consumption of probiotics and the risk of developing certain cancers. Probiotics are most likely to reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.129766

Universities, stakeholders and social mission : building cooperation through action research

Today's universities are confronted with questions about the increasing scale of corporatization and commercialization, as well as their decreasing activity in the field of the social mission, i.e. engagement in the real problems of ordinary people, local communities and society at large. As a remedy for this problem, this book proposes using action research as a means of shaping collaboration between universities and their stakeholders, taking into account related benefits, opportunities and challenges. In this context, we understand action research somewhat more broadly, as universities’ conducting useful research that becomes a domain of their social mission. The core message of this volume is the development of a cooperation process in which the university leaves its "ivory tower," builds relationships with its stakeholders and, as a result, engages more effectively in social life. In this book, readers will find an original perspective on action research, the application of which enables mutual benefits for universities and their stakeholders. It presents the authors’ original model of cooperation based on the AR approach and concrete examples of successful cooperation between universities and their stakeholders. Step by step, it illustrates how to initiate cooperation, conduct useful scientific research and together with stakeholders bring about changes in social life. This book will be of value to university managers, academics, students of social, management and economic sciences, as well as managers and specialists employed in organizations from various sectors that may be interested in cooperation with universities

Project-based work and sustainable development : a comparative case study of cultural animation projects

Currently, a growing interest in the issues related to sustainable development can be observed, with the role of culture in stimulating this development increasing simultaneously. Nevertheless, the function and meanings of culture for sustainable development, as well as culture in the context of sustainable development, have so far remained under-emphasised and under-theorised. For this reason, in this paper we will look at practical examples of culture and sustainable development combined. The undertaken research problem explores the project-based work in the field of cultural animation, and its impact on the pursuit of the objectives of sustainable development at the local level. Two case studies of Polish organisations involved in cultural animation activities have been analysed herein. Based on the research results, we showed that cultural animation is an important tool for enabling local communities to achieve sustainable development. What is also important is the fact that cultural animation activities often take the form of project-based work, which significantly affects the methodology and extent of their implementation. Therefore, in this article we also point to the relationship between the management of animation projects and the idea of sustainable development, emphasising both advantages and disadvantages thereof

Humanistic dimension of project management practice : a case study of the World Youth Day (Cracow 2016)

The text attempts to reflect on the project management practices from the humanistic perspective. The subject of consideration involved the World Youth Day (WYD) project, which took place in Cracow in July 2016. In the paper, the World Youth Day is shown as an example of a mass-scale organizational event, which required the people involved to have advanced management skills and the knowledge of methodologies and various tools necessary to manage large projects. Attention, however, was focused on the role that these people and their related values such as faith, emotions, pride, hopes, and dreams played in the management of this project. Thus, the research problem formulated in the paper investigated how the values of the people co-creating the WYD events impacted the effective and timely implementation of the project and its goals