Comment on: Functional outcomes of minimal invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in humerus shaft fractures: a clinical study reply

WOS: 000363025000021PubMed ID: 26422358

Comparison of incidence and risk factors of delirium between general and regional anesthesia in elderly patients after lower extremity surgery

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the risk factors and the incidence of delirium following orthopedic surgery under the general or regional anesthesia in elderly patients. Material and Methods: One hundred twenty elderly patients aged and #8805;65 years scheduled for total hip or knee arthroplasty and femur fracture surgery were enrolled into the study. Patients were allocated into two groups to receive regional anesthesia (group R, n=50) or general anesthesia (group G, n=70). Hemodynamic and blood parameters, potential risk factors of delirium including age, sex, duration of surgery, the type of anesthesia, coexisting disease, smoking and amount of drug used delirium tests (Confusion Assessment Method, Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98), hospital stay and costs were recorded for all patients. Results: Demographic data, duration of surgery, preoperative and postoperative hemodynamic and laboratory parameters were similar in two groups. Delirium incidence was 12.5% for all patients. We found delirium in six patients (8.6%) of group G and nine patients (18%) of group R. The most important risk factors were advanced age and polypharmacy for all patients. Hospital stay and cost were associated with severity of delirium. Conclusion: We found that the incidence of delirium is 12.5% in elderly patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty and femur fracture surgery. Advanced age and polypharmacy are risk factors of delirium. Delirium increases the hospital stay and cost. [Cukurova Med J 2016; 41(1.000): 34-40

Spontaneous calcaneal fracture in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: Four cases report and review of literature

WOS: 000417241100005PubMed ID: 27458594Spontaneous calcaneal fractures in diabetic patients without obvious trauma may occur, sometimes accompanying diabetic foot ulcers. In the current study we report four cases who were hospitalized for diabetic foot ulcer with concomitant calcaneal fractures. There were four diabetic patients (one type 1 and three type 2) who registered with diabetic foot ulcers with coexisting calcaneal fractures, all of which were classified as Type A according to Essex Lopresti Calcaneal Fracture Classification. Two of the patients with renal failure were in a routine dialysis program, as well as vascular compromise and osteomyelitis in all of the patients. The diabetic foot ulcer of the 61 years old osteoporotic female patient healed with local debridement, vacuum assisted closure and then epidermal growth factor while the calcaneal fracture was then followed by elastic bandage. In two patients could not prevent progression of diabetic foot ulcers and calcaneal fractures to consequent below-knee amputation. The only patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus improved with antibiotic therapy and split thickness skin grafting, while the calcaneal fracture did not heal. In the current study we aimed to emphasize the spontaneous calcaneal fractures as possible co-existing pathologies in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. After all the medical treatment, amputation below knee had to be performed in 2 patients. It should be noted that other accompanying conditions such as impaired peripheral circulation, osteomyelitis, chronic renal failure, and maybe osteoporosis is a challenge of the recovery of calcaneal fractures and accelerate the progress to amputation in diabetic patients

Comparison of hematoma block and sedoanalgesia for analgesia before reduction of distal radius fractures

Purpose: The aim of this study was retrospective assessment of the reduction quality, hospitalization time, and relief of pain in hematoma block assisted closed reduction versus sedoanalgesia assisted closed reduction. Materials and Methods: There were 106 patients included who diagnosed as isolated displaced distal fracture of radius and treated with closed reduction. Hematoma block was used in 45 patients and sedoanalgesia was used in 61 patients. Midazolam (0,1 mg/kg) and fentanyl (1 mcg/kg) combination was administered as the sedoanalgesic agent, and lidocaine (10 ml, 1%) as the local anaestetic. Demographic data, fracture type according to Frykman classification, and mechanism of trauma were noted. Pain status of patients were recorded by using the Visual analog scale (VAS). Sarmiento criteria was used for the evaluation of the reduction quality. Cost of the analgesic procedure was assessed based on the prices of the analgesia procedures, used pharmaceuticals and medical consumables. Results: Both groups were similar in terms of gender, age, fracture type and affected side., Hospitalization time was shorter in hematoma block group, and VAS was significantly lower. Quality of reduction was similar in both groups. Cost per patient was four times higher in sedoanalgesia group compare to hematoma block group. Conclusion: Hematoma block is an effective, easily performed method that can be used prior to the closed reduction of the distal radius fractures to relieve the pain. Older patients can be susceptible to adverse effects of sedoanalgesia and hematoma block can be chosen as a more reliable method to provide the analgesia

Anatomic Compatibility of Femoral Intramedullary Implants: A Cadaveric Study

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the morphology of the proximal and diaphysis of femur, distribution of neck version, neck-shaft angles, and radius of anterior curvature in a Turkish population to compare with that of femoral intramedullary implants. Methods: Using 84 cadaveric femora, three-dimensional (3D) modeling was performed with a light scanner, data were transferred to Solidworks 2013 software (Solidworks, Waltham, MA, USA) to determine the variability in the femoral length (FL), neck version, neck-shaft angle (NSA), and anterior bow. Three independent observers' measurements were tested with a reliability analysis and then evaluated using Cronbach's alpha value, after which they were compared with the neck-shaft angles, and the radii of curvature (RAC) of intramedullary femoral nails, as stated on the official manufacturer websites. Results: Mean FL, femoral neck anteversion (FNA), and NSA had ranges of 346.1-454.1 mm, -11.3-40.4 degrees, and 105.9-149.0 degrees, respectively, and RAC was between 1.0 and 1.2 m. The correlation coefficient and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 0.89 (CI 0.849-0.928), 0.86 (CI 0.799-0.904), and 0.85 (95% CI 0.785-0.898) for FL, FNA, and NSA, respectively. FNA was 14 degrees 38 (44.7%). NSA was between 130 degrees and 135 degrees in 40 femora (47.1%), and RAC ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 m in 76 femora (91.6%), 1.5 m in 7 (8.4%). Conclusion: FNA and NSA show a wide distribution, mostly out of the range of intramedullary implants. There is a need for implants that are compatible with a range of NSAs and versions, so that they are suitable for use with a variety of morphologies.WoSScopu

Humeral Surface Anatomy And Percutaneous Plate Advancement: A Cadaveric Study

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the anatomical obstacles on the humeral surface which can complicate subcutaneous plate advancement during surgical treatment of humeral fractures. Methods: We dissected twelve upper extremities of six male cadavers, and measured the humeral length, which was defined as the distance between the greater tubercle and the lateral epicondyle. We performed a retrograde advancement of a 4.5 mm plate through the subbrachial tunnel and noted the mechanical obstacles during the procedure. In addition, we recorded the distances between the anatomic obstacles and lateral epicondyle. Results: The average humeral length was 271.8 mm. We identified anterior insertion of the deltoid muscle and the proximal part of the brachialis muscle as the main anatomic obstacles on the anterior surface of the humerus. The average distances between the lateral epicondyle and the most proximal and distal insertion of anterior deltoid were 188.9 mm and 138.7 mm, respectively. The average distance between the lateral epicondyle and the brachialis origin was 147.4 mm. Proportions of the distances between the lateral epicondyle and proximal of anterior deltoid insertion, the lateral epicondyle and distal of anterior deltoid insertion and the lateral epicondyle and proximal of brachialis origin to humeral length were 69.4%, 51%, and 54.2%, respectively. There was a high interobserver reliability (p<0.001). Conclusion: The deltoid insertion and proximal attachment of the brachialis muscles were identified as mechanical obstacles when performing the percutaneous plating. These sites caused difficulties with the procedure during the retrograde plate advancement through submuscular tunnel on the anterior surface of humerus. It was also noted that for successful plate advancement, it was necessary to release the anterior part of the deltoid insertion.WoSScopu

The histological effect of tranexamic acid on tendon-to-bone healing histologically in rats

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on osteotendinous junction healing in a rat model, both biomechanically and histologically. Materials and methods: Sixty-four male Wistar-Albi no rats weighing 450 to 600 g were used in this study. The rats were divided into two groups as the experimental (n=16) and control (n=16) groups. Achillotomy and subsequent repair site was exposed to 1 mL of TXA in the experimental group, while 1 mL of saline was given to the control group. For biomechanical and histopathological investigation, each group was further divided into two subgroups. At the end of four weeks, all rats were sacrificed. Biomechanical tests were performed using the M500-50CT device. The Bonar, Movin, and Nourissat bone-tendon junction scoring systems were used for histopathological evaluation. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the elongation at a maximum point, maximum loading, and maximum stress variables in the biomechanical study (p=0.558 p=0.775, and p=0.558, respectively). In the histopathological evaluation, the collagen content and layout were close to the native tissue in the experimental group (p=0.047 and p=0.008, respectively). Vascularity, hyalinization, and glycosaminoglycan content were significantly lower in the experimental group (p=0.004, p=0.014, and p=0.026, respectively). The total Bonar and Movin scores were more favorable in the experimental group (p<0.001). Conclusion: This experimental study showed that local administration of TXA accelerated bone-tendon junction healing in rats

Long term effect of general and regional anesthesia on bone turnover markers and fracture healing in adult patients

WOS: 000480626400030Purpose: Bone metabolism can be monitored quantitatively by measuring bone turnover markers in serum and/or urine. We aimed to investigate long-term effect of the type of the anesthesia on bone turnover markers and fracture healing. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I-II whom were aged 40-70 years, scheduled for hip fracture were recruited. Patients were divided into the two groups as general anesthesia and regional anesthesia. Only morphine and tramadol were used for postoperative analgesia till the 12th weeks. Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcine, beta-C terminal telopeptide and urine beta-C terminal telopeptide levels were measured at preoperative, 4th week and 12th week of fracture. Results: A total of 25 patients were eligible for the study. There were no statistically significant between groups for values of bone turnover markers at the time point of preoperative, 4th and 12th weeks. With using linear regression analysis, serum beta-CTX levels at 12th week can be predict by 4th weeks beta-CTX levels (R2: 0.944) and urine beta-CTX levels at 12th week can be predict by first week level. Conclusions: This pilot study showed that both general and regional anesthesia has similar effect on bone turnover markers and fracture healing.Cukurova University Department of Scientific Research ProjectsCukurova University [4985]This study is supported by Cukurova University Department of Scientific Research Projects, Project ID: 4985, Approval Date: November 24, 2015

6 February 2023, orthopedic experience in Kahramanmaraş earthquake and surgical decision in patients with crush syndrome

Abstract Background The decision of fasciotomy or amputation in crush syndrome is controversial and challenging for surgeons. We aimed to share our experiences after the Kahramanmaraş earthquake, to predict the severity of crush syndrome and mortality, and to guide the surgical decision. Methods The clinical data of patients during their first week of hospitalization were analyzed retrospectively. Totally, 233 crush syndrome patients were included. Demographic data, physical and laboratory findings, surgical treatments, and outcomes were recorded. Results The mean time under the rubble was 41.89 ± 29.75 h. Fasciotomy and amputation were performed in 41 (17.6%) and 72 (30.9%) patients. One hundred and two patients (56.7%) underwent hemodialysis. Fifteen patients (6.4%) died. Lower extremity injury, abdominal trauma, and thoracic trauma were associated with mortality. Mortality was significantly increased in patients with thigh injuries (p = 0.028). The mean peak CK concentration was 69.817.69 ± 134.812.04 U/L. Peak CK concentration increased substantially with amputation (p = 0.002), lower limb injury (p < 0.001), abdominal trauma (p = 0.011), and thoracic trauma (p = 0.048). Conclusions Thigh injury is associated with the severity of crush syndrome and mortality. Late fasciotomy should not be preferred in crush syndrome. Amputation is life-saving, especially in desperate lower extremity injuries