Non Oblivious Watermarking Technique for JPEG2000 Compressed Images Using Arnold Scrambling of Unequal Size Watermark Blocks

In this paper, a watermarking technique for JPEG2000 compressed image is proposed. Scrambling of secret message is performed block-wise using Arnold Transform. Secret message is divided into non-overlapping blocks of unequal size and then Arnold transform is applied on each block and secret key is generated based on the periodicity of each block. Scrambled secret message is embedded into qualified significant wavelet coefficients of a cover image. After embedding the secret message into wavelet coefficients, the remaining processes of JPEG2000 standard are executed to compress the watermarked image at different compression rates. Scaling Factor (SF) is used to embed watermark into wavelet coefficients and the value of SF is stored into COM box of the code stream of JPEG2000 compressed image and this SF value and secret key are used to extract the embedded watermark on the receiver side. The performance of the proposed technique is robust to a variety of attacks like image cropping, salt and pepper noise, and rotation. Proposed technique is compared with the existing watermarking techniques for JPEG2000 compressed images to show its effectiveness

Fixed Point Results for (ψ, ϕ)-Contractive Mapping in GF-Metric Space

The main goal of this work is to present GF -metric space, a new generalization of G-metric space. A comparison between the classes of G-metric spaces, GP-metric spaces, Gb-metric spaces, generalized Gb-metric spaces, and G∗ -metric spaces and the class of GF - metric spaces is also presented. We examine a few fundamental aspects of this newly defined abstract space. Proving the Banach contraction principle and the fixed point result for (ψ, ϕ)-contractive mapping in the context of GF -metric spaces is the paper’s secondary goa

Study of Stress and Deformation by Mono Composite Leaf Spring

The purpose of this project work is to estimate the deflection and stress on the basis of Load changes as well as Young’s Modulus in Mono Composite Leaf Spring by computer analysis. The emphasis in this project is given on the effect of Young’s Modulus on deflection and stress produced in Leaf Spring and all the process will be done by  the application of computer aided analysis using finite element concept. The component chosen for analysis is a leaf spring which is an automotive component used to absorb vibrations. Under operating conditions, the behavior of the leaf spring is complicated due to its clamping effects and interleaf contact; hence its analysis is necessary to pre-predict the displacement, and stresses. Although many projects have been made earlier regarding the concept of stress and deflection on leaf spring on the basis of load, but the new thing on these project is the estimation of leaf spring on the basis of Young’s Modulus which makes these project unique because such project has not been made yet. Another thing that makes it differ is the use of CATIA software not only for modeling the Leaf Spring but also for the whole analysis. So all the process and analysis is based on the results obtained in CATIA software under given specified conditions

Extensions of Móricz Classes and Convergence of Trigonometric Sine Series in <i>L</i>¹-Norm

In this paper, the extensions of classes S &#732; , &nbsp; C &#732; and B &#732; V are made by defining the classes S &#732; r , C &#732; r and B &#732; V r , r = 0 , 1 , 2 , &#8230; It is also shown that class S &#732; r is a subclass of C &#732; r &cap; B &#732; V r . Moreover, the results on L 1 -convergence of r times differentiated trigonometric sine series have been obtained by considering the r t h &#8201; ( r = 0 , 1 , 2 , &#8230; ) derivative of modified sine sum under the new extended class C &#732; r &cap; B &#732; V r

Young’s Modulus of Elasticity Effect on Principal Stress

The purpose of this project work is to estimate the effect on Principal Stress through Load and Young Modolus of Elasticity. The component chosen for analysis is a leaf spring which is an automotive component used to absorb vibrations induced during the motion of vehicle. It also acts as a structure to support vertical loading due to the weight of the vehicle and payload. Under operating conditions, the behavior of the leaf spring is complicated due to its clamping effects and interleaf contact; hence its analysis is essential to predict the displacement, and stresses