Luck or Design? The Unionization Attempt at Bowling Green State University

This discussion will attempt to meet two goals. First, it presents the case and preliminary findings related to the examination of the failed unionization attempt. The study investigates what features in this event may be important factors in higher education unionization. Second, the paper discusses the challenges using qualitative research methods to study faculty unionization. The rest of my talk will describe the events at BGSU from 1991 through 1994, after presenting a brief literature review that explains why faculty form unions. The analysis of these facts will help us to make some general conclusions about faculty organizing

Ohio SB5 and the Attempt to “Yeshiva” Public University Faculty

In 2011, the introduction of Ohio Senate Bill 5 (SB5) attempted to drastically curtail public sector collective bargaining in Ohio. The bill included a proposed amendment designed by the Inter-University Council of Ohio, an organization of the top administrators of the state universities in Ohio, under the guise of applying the United States Supreme Court’s decision in NLRB v. Yeshiva to faculty at Ohio’s public universities. The avowed intent of the proposed language was to classify all faculty as supervisors or managers and thereby make them ineligible to bargain collectively. After mounting opposition and grass roots efforts, SB5 was ultimately revoked by voter referendum. The general assumption was that if SB5 had gone into effect, faculty would be automatically classified as supervisors and/or managers and be excluded from collective bargaining. Thus, the only way to stop the elimination of faculty from being “Yeshiva’d” was to revoke SB5. This paper questions that assumption and analyzes several questions about the attempt to utilize the Yeshiva decision to re-classify all faculty as supervisors or managers that remained unanswered. Answers to these questions not only provide insight into future issues for higher education faculty in Ohio, but also in other states that attempt similar legislative maneuvering

The price of morals: an empirical investigation of industry sectors and perceptions of moral satisfaction--do business economists pay for morally satisfying employment?

Many factors contribute to choice of employment other than compensation. This study extends the current literature by testing whether a compensating differential exists in employment sectors deemed morally satisfying. Data from the 1998 salary survey of the National Association for Business Economics (NABE) and sector rankings addressing moral satisfaction provided by a sample of college students are used in a regression analysis. When we include a self-selection correction in the salary regression, business economists in the for-profit sector earned almost 150 percent more than their nonprofit counterparts, once controlling for the choice of employment sector and human capital variables. Average wages were economically and statistically higher for business economists situated in the middle and low moral satisfaction groupings compared to those in the high moral satisfaction sector. Results suggest a compensating differential for those employed in morally satisfying industry sectors.

Pensions and Wages: An Hedonic Price Theory Approach

This paper examines whether a tradeoff exists between the level of pension benefits and wages for comparably skilled workers. The 1983 survey of Consumer Finances is used to match detailed information on pension plans to detailed personal characteristics of a random sample of the population. The pension wage tradeoff is estimated using both a life-tine or contractual model of the labor market and the spot market model used in previous studies. The results indicate a large negative tradeoff in the contractual model but only a negligible tradeoff in the spot market model. Results from estimating the underlying structural supply and demand equation for pensions are also presented.

Genetic effects on gene expression across human tissues

Characterization of the molecular function of the human genome and its variation across individuals is essential for identifying the cellular mechanisms that underlie human genetic traits and diseases. The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project aims to characterize variation in gene expression levels across individuals and diverse tissues of the human body, many of which are not easily accessible. Here we describe genetic effects on gene expression levels across 44 human tissues. We find that local genetic variation affects gene expression levels for the majority of genes, and we further identify inter-chromosomal genetic effects for 93 genes and 112 loci. On the basis of the identified genetic effects, we characterize patterns of tissue specificity, compare local and distal effects, and evaluate the functional properties of the genetic effects. We also demonstrate that multi-tissue, multi-individual data can be used to identify genes and pathways affected by human disease-associated variation, enabling a mechanistic interpretation of gene regulation and the genetic basis of diseas

Genetic effects on gene expression across human tissues

Characterization of the molecular function of the human genome and its variation across individuals is essential for identifying the cellular mechanisms that underlie human genetic traits and diseases. The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project aims to characterize variation in gene expression levels across individuals and diverse tissues of the human body, many of which are not easily accessible. Here we describe genetic effects on gene expression levels across 44 human tissues. We find that local genetic variation affects gene expression levels for the majority of genes, and we further identify inter-chromosomal genetic effects for 93 genes and 112 loci. On the basis of the identified genetic effects, we characterize patterns of tissue specificity, compare local and distal effects, and evaluate the functional properties of the genetic effects. We also demonstrate that multi-tissue, multi-individual data can be used to identify genes and pathways affected by human disease-associated variation, enabling a mechanistic interpretation of gene regulation and the genetic basis of disease

Para-infectious brain injury in COVID-19 persists at follow-up despite attenuated cytokine and autoantibody responses

To understand neurological complications of COVID-19 better both acutely and for recovery, we measured markers of brain injury, inflammatory mediators, and autoantibodies in 203 hospitalised participants; 111 with acute sera (1–11 days post-admission) and 92 convalescent sera (56 with COVID-19-associated neurological diagnoses). Here we show that compared to 60 uninfected controls, tTau, GFAP, NfL, and UCH-L1 are increased with COVID-19 infection at acute timepoints and NfL and GFAP are significantly higher in participants with neurological complications. Inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-12p40, HGF, M-CSF, CCL2, and IL-1RA) are associated with both altered consciousness and markers of brain injury. Autoantibodies are more common in COVID-19 than controls and some (including against MYL7, UCH-L1, and GRIN3B) are more frequent with altered consciousness. Additionally, convalescent participants with neurological complications show elevated GFAP and NfL, unrelated to attenuated systemic inflammatory mediators and to autoantibody responses. Overall, neurological complications of COVID-19 are associated with evidence of neuroglial injury in both acute and late disease and these correlate with dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses acutely

Luck or Design? The Unionization Attempt at Bowling Green State University

This discussion will attempt to meet two goals. First, it presents the case and preliminary findings related to the examination of the failed unionization attempt. The study investigates what features in this event may be important factors in higher education unionization. Second, the paper discusses the challenges using qualitative research methods to study faculty unionization. The rest of my talk will describe the events at BGSU from 1991 through 1994, after presenting a brief literature review that explains why faculty form unions. The analysis of these facts will help us to make some general conclusions about faculty organizing