The effects of afforestation programs in Heves County between 2007 and 2013

The forest is one of the most complex natural ecosystems that is one of the basic living conditions of the healthy human life due to its effects on the environment. According to their functions forests can fill security, economic, social, health, tourism, and education as well as research roles. After the end of World War I the level of forest cover decreased to 11.8% in Hungary. At this time Hungary was Europe’s fourth poorest country in forest and tree. The increasing of forest cover was an important objective in each areas since then. The location and the size of the afforested area ultimately will be appointed by the landowners’ intentions. The state can support the success of the afforestation program by various devices, and promote effectively the enforcement of public interest. The New Hungary Rural Development Programme (2007-2013) envisaged the deployment of 69,000 hectares of new forest, of which 70% were implemented. Under the measure support was granted for the first afforestation of areas withdrawn from agricultural cultivation. Despite the above average extent of forest covers in Heves County (24.5% in 2006), further opportunities were opened to increase the forest area. In afforestation terms the high priority regions includes the poor quality arable lands of feet of Mátra and Bükk mountains and the reclamation areas of Visonta open-cast lignite mine in Heves County. During the research, we worked on secondary databases with a view to examine how regional differences there are in within Heves County in the case of location of forest areas and implemented forest plantations. On the one hand we used the data of Forestry Directorate of the National Food Chain Safety Office, on the other hand we worked up the statistics of Agricultural and Rural Development Agency about afforestation subsidies supported in the framework of New Hungary Rural Development Programme (2007-2013). There are significant differences among the districts of Heves County regarding the extent of forest cover between upland and lowland areas. While Pétervására and Bélapátfalva districts were characterized by 61% and 59% forest cover in 2006, at the same time in Füzesabony, Heves and Hatvan districts the same value was slightly higher than 4%. In the period between 2006 and 2015 the rate of forestation increased in all districts of the County at least by 0.2 percent. The growth rate was more than one percent in  Heves megye járásai között az erdősültség mértékét illetően jelentős különbségek figyelhetők meg a hegyvidéki és alföldi területek között. Miközben a Pétervásárai járást és a Bélapátfalvai járást 61, illetve 59%-os erdősültség jellemezte, addig a Füzesabonyi, a Hevesi és a Hatvani járásban ez az érték alig haladta meg a 4%-ot. A megye minden egyes járásában növekedett az erdősültség mértéke a 2006 ás 2015 közötti időszakban legalább 0,2 százalékponttal. 1 százalékpont feletti volt a növekedés a Pétervásárai és a Gyöngyösi járásban. Ezáltal jelentős kiterjedésű, mezőgazdasági művelésre kevéssé alkalmas terület kapott új funkciót.Pétervására and Gyöngyös district. Therefore, a significant expanse of land that is less suitable for agricultural cultivation has given a new function

The role of National Agricultural Chamber's advisors in the life of farmers in Heves County

The Hungarian Chamber of Agriculture (HCA) was established in the spring of 2013 as a public body. The main tasks of the HCA are strengthening and advocacy of domestic agricultural and food sector, supporting the competitiveness of Hungarian food, furthermore the consultancy and delivering fast, accurate and reliable information to farmers. After the integration of village consultants’ network in 2014 the HCA established a unified support system for farmers. This system based on five pillars: information, consulting, training, project management and European Innovation Partnership. In Heves County 27 village consultants and 4 village consultant administrators perform advisory tasks coordinated by the chief village consultants. The scope of official duties performed by the network: crop estimation, data collection and reporting tasks associated with state rating, assessment of damages in agriculture etc. The advisors validate about 9500 farmers’ cards year by year. In our research we examined the main features of the village consultants and farmers receiving services (such as age, gender, level of education, professional experience, current scope of activities and contacts between the two groups). We hypothesized that the age and vocational qualifications of the farmers are determining the number of services used. To answer our research questions we were performed primary data collection in Heves County. We compiled two questionnaires, one for the farmers (N=150) and one for the village consultants (N=18). To answer the remaining outstanding issues we conducted interview-based survey involving 4 experts. In the course of the survey research for the village consultants we examined theirs most important activities and ranked by the number of mention. The five most common cases were the Unified Application Administration, the validation of farmers’ cards, information services in connection with former Agricultural and Rural Development Agency, monitoring data service and Chamber membership fee acknowledgment. The farmers we’ve asked were all familiar with the local village consultant and 88% of them known the office client’s time. The 69% of the respondents more than three times visited the advisor. Based on our research the village consultants completed more than 50% of administrative tasks of farmers in the 70% of cases. Overall, the village consultant network plays an important role in the life of the farmers regardless of age or level of education

Új lehetőségek a kukorica (Zea mays L.) öntözésében

Absztrakt: A hazai kukoricatermesztés eredményei a világon tapasztalt hozam és termésmennyiség növekedéstől jelentősen elmaradnak. Hazánkban a kukorica terméslimitáló tényezője a jó vízellátás. A kukorica termésátlaga jelentősen növelhető, ha javítjuk a növény vízellátását. Sok területen csak igen kevés víz áll rendelkezésre a szakszerű öntözéshez. Kísérletünkben csepegtetőszalagos öntözés hatását vizsgáltuk a kukorica termésátlagára. A kísérletet Szarvason, a Szent István Egyetem Agrárés Gazdaságtudományi Kar, Iskolaföldi kísérleti területén állítottuk be. Vizsgálataink alapján a hozamok 22,3-24,5%-kal növekedtek a kontroll, öntözetlen parcellák eredményeihez képest, mely a vizsgált években a termésátlag növekedése szempontjából már ökonómiailag is gazdaságos volt. Abstract: The results of Hungarian maize production are significantly below the yields and total quantity in the world. Maize yields can be increased significantly if we improve the plant's water supply. The yield of maize can be significantly increased by improving the water supply of the plant. In many areas, only little water is available for irrigation. The effect of drip irrigation in our experiment was examined for the yield of corn. The experiment was set up at Szarvas in the experimental field of the University of Szent István, Faculty of Agricultural and Economics Studies, in Iskolaföld. The yields increased by 22.3-24.5% compared to the yields of control plots. In our experiment, the growth of the average yield was good for economically

The effects of afforestation programs in Heves County between 2007 and 2013

The forest is one of the most complex natural ecosystems that is one of the basic living conditions of the healthy human life due to its effects on the environment. According to their functions forests can fill security, economic, social, health, tourism, and education as well as research roles. After the end of World War I the level of forest cover decreased to 11.8% in Hungary. At this time Hungary was Europe’s fourth poorest country in forest and tree. The increasing of forest cover was an important objective in each areas since then. The location and the size of the afforested area ultimately will be appointed by the landowners’ intentions. The state can support the success of the afforestation program by various devices, and promote effectively the enforcement of public interest. The New Hungary Rural Development Programme (2007-2013) envisaged the deployment of 69,000 hectares of new forest, of which 70% were implemented. Under the measure support was granted for the first afforestation of areas withdrawn from agricultural cultivation. Despite the above average extent of forest covers in Heves County (24.5% in 2006), further opportunities were opened to increase the forest area. In afforestation terms the high priority regions includes the poor quality arable lands of feet of Mátra and Bükk mountains and the reclamation areas of Visonta open-cast lignite mine in Heves County. During the research, we worked on secondary databases with a view to examine how regional differences there are in within Heves County in the case of location of forest areas and implemented forest plantations. On the one hand we used the data of Forestry Directorate of the National Food Chain Safety Office, on the other hand we worked up the statistics of Agricultural and Rural Development Agency about afforestation subsidies supported in the framework of New Hungary Rural Development Programme (2007-2013). There are significant differences among the districts of Heves County regarding the extent of forest cover between upland and lowland areas. While Pétervására and Bélapátfalva districts were characterized by 61% and 59% forest cover in 2006, at the same time in Füzesabony, Heves and Hatvan districts the same value was slightly higher than 4%. In the period between 2006 and 2015 the rate of forestation increased in all districts of the County at least by 0.2 percent. The growth rate was more than one percent in Pétervására and Gyöngyös district. Therefore, a significant expanse of land that is less suitable for agricultural cultivation has given a new function

A kukorica relatív klorofill tartalma, levélterülete és termésátlaga közötti összefüggés vizsgálata monokultúrás tartamkísérletben

Absztrakt: Kísérletünket Szarvason, a Szent István Egyetem Agrár és Gazdaságtudományi Kar Galambosi kísérleti telepén végeztük. Tartamkísérletünkben a különböző arányú (N, P, K) tápelemek növényfiziológiai, termésképzési hatásait vizsgáltuk. A tényezők közötti összefüggéseket 32 tápanyag ellátási szinten mértük. Kísérletünkben vizsgáltuk a kukorica tápanyag-reakcióját a klorofill tartalom változása, a levélterület és a termésátlag alakulása szempontjából. Kísérletünkben a levélterület növekedése szoros pozitív korrelációt eredményezett a termésátlag növekedésével, valamint a kukoricalevél relatív klorofill tartalmával. A tápelemek közül kísérletünkben a legjelentősebb pozitív hatást a nitrogén esetében mértük, a foszfor és a kálium hatásai kisebbek voltak. Abstract: The experiment was set up at Szarvas in the experimental field of the University of Szent István, Faculty of Agricultural and Economics Studies, in Galambos. During the research, we examined the effect of various nutrients (N, P, K) ratios on maize monoculture in long-term experiments. The contexts between the factors 32 nutrients we measured it on a supply level. We examined the nutrient reaction of maize on the chlorophyll content, the establishment of the leaf area and the average yield. The increase of the leaf area yielded a tight positive correlation with the increase of the average yield and the leaf relative chlorophyll content. From among the nutriment elements we measured the most considerable positive effect in the case of the nitrogen in our experiment, the effects of the phosphorus and the potassium were smaller

A kukorica relatív klorofill tartalma, levélterülete és termésátlaga közötti összefüggés vizsgálata monokultúrás tartamkísérletben

The experiment was set up at Szarvas in the experimental field of the University of Szent István, Faculty of Agricultural and Economics Studies, in Galambos. During the research, we examined the effect of various nutrients (N, P, K) ratios on maize monoculture in long-term experiments. The contexts between the factors 32 nutrients we measured it on a supply level. We examined the nutrient reaction of maize on the chlorophyll content, the establishment of the leaf area and the average yield. The increase of the leaf area yielded a tight positive correlation with the increase of the average yield and the leaf relative chlorophyll content. From among the nutriment elements we measured the most considerable positive effect in the case of the nitrogen in our experiment, the effects of the phosphorus and the potassium were smaller.Kísérletünket Szarvason, a Szent István Egyetem Agrár és Gazdaságtudományi Kar Galambosi kísérleti telepén végeztük. Tartamkísérletünkben a különböző arányú (N, P, K) tápelemek növényfiziológiai, termésképzési hatásait vizsgáltuk. A tényezők közötti összefüggéseket 32 tápanyag ellátási szinten mértük. Kísérletünkben vizsgáltuk a kukorica tápanyag-reakcióját a klorofill tartalom változása, a levélterület és a termésátlag alakulása szempontjából. Kísérletünkben a levélterület növekedése szoros pozitív korrelációt eredményezett a termésátlag növekedésével, valamint a kukoricalevél relatív klorofill tartalmával. A tápelemek közül kísérletünkben a legjelentősebb pozitív hatást a nitrogén esetében mértük, a foszfor és a kálium hatásai kisebbek voltak

The role of National Agricultural Chamber's advisors in the life of farmers in Heves County

The Hungarian Chamber of Agriculture (HCA) was established in the spring of 2013 as a public body. The main tasks of the HCA are strengthening and advocacy of domestic agricultural and food sector, supporting the competitiveness of Hungarian food, furthermore the consultancy and delivering fast, accurate and reliable information to farmers. After the integration of village consultants’ network in 2014 the HCA established a unified support system for farmers. This system based on five pillars: information, consulting, training, project management and European Innovation Partnership. In Heves County 27 village consultants and 4 village consultant administrators perform advisory tasks coordinated by the chief village consultants. The scope of official duties performed by the network: crop estimation, data collection and reporting tasks associated with state rating, assessment of damages in agriculture etc. The advisors validate about 9500 farmers’ cards year by year. In our research we examined the main features of the village consultants and farmers receiving services (such as age, gender, level of education, professional experience, current scope of activities and contacts between the two groups). We hypothesized that the age and vocational qualifications of the farmers are determining the number of services used. To answer our research questions we were performed primary data collection in Heves County. We compiled two questionnaires, one for the farmers (N=150) and one for the village consultants (N=18). To answer the remaining outstanding issues we conducted interview-based survey involving 4 experts. In the course of the survey research for the village consultants we examined theirs most important activities and ranked by the number of mention. The five most common cases were the Unified Application Administration, the validation of farmers’ cards, information services in connection with former Agricultural and Rural Development Agency, monitoring data service and Chamber membership fee acknowledgment. The farmers we’ve asked were all familiar with the local village consultant and 88% of them known the office client’s time. The 69% of the respondents more than three times visited the advisor. Based on our research the village consultants completed more than 50% of administrative tasks of farmers in the 70% of cases. Overall, the village consultant network plays an important role in the life of the farmers regardless of age or level of education