7,449 research outputs found
Process for interfacial polymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride and 1,2,4, 5-tetraamino-benzene Patent
Process for interfacial polymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride and tetraamino benzen
Irradiation improves properties of an aromatic polyester
Aromatic polyester, PEN-2,6, is improved through cross-linking effected by radiation. Polymer retains properties of high tensile strength and toughness and stability at high temperatures
Polymer film exhibits thermal and radiation stability
Aromatic/heterocyclic polymers /Pyrrones/ have the ability to absorb large quantities of photolytic, thermal and radiolytic energies while retaining their useful properties. They are prepared from the room temperature reaction of tetraamines and tetraacids
Imidazopyrrolone/imide copolymers Patent
Synthesis and chemical properties of imidazopyrrolone/imide copolymer
Dosimeter for high levels of absorbed radiation Patent
Development of dosimeter for measuring absorbed dose of high energy ionizing radiatio
Boron-loaded silicone rubber scintillators
Silicone rubber received attention as an alternative to polyvinyltoluene in applications in which the scintillator is exposed to high doses because of the increased resistance of the rubber to the formation of blue-absorbing color centers. Work by Bowen, et al., and Harmon, et al., demonstrated their properties under gamma/x-ray irradiation, and Bell, et al. have shown their response to thermal neutrons. This last work, however, provided an example of a silicone in which both the boron and the scintillator were contained in the rubber as solutes, a formulation which led to the precipitation of solids and sublimation of the boron component. In the present work we describe a scintillator in which the boron is chemically bonded to the siloxane and so avoids the problem of precipitation and loss of boron to sublimation. Material containing up to 18% boron, by weight, was prepared, mounted on photomultipliers, and exposed to both neutron and gamma fluxes. Pulse height spectra showing the neutron and photon response were obtained, and although the light output was found to be much poorer than from samples in which boron was dissolved, the higher boron concentrations enabled essentially 100% neutron absorption in only a few millimeters' thickness of rubber
Universal Non-Gaussian Velocity Distribution in Violent Gravitational Processes
We study the velocity distribution in spherical collapses and cluster-pair
collisions by use of N-body simulations. Reflecting the violent gravitational
processes, the velocity distribution of the resultant quasi-stationary state
generally becomes non-Gaussian. Through the strong mixing of the violent
process, there appears a universal non-Gaussian velocity distribution, which is
a democratic (equal-weighted) superposition of many Gaussian distributions (DT
distribution). This is deeply related with the local virial equilibrium and the
linear mass-temperature relation which characterize the system. We show the
robustness of this distribution function against various initial conditions
which leads to the violent gravitational process. The DT distribution has a
positive correlation with the energy fluctuation of the system. On the other
hand, the coherent motion such as the radial motion in the spherical collapse
and the rotation with the angular momentum suppress the appearance of the DT
distribution.Comment: 11 pages, 19 eps figures, RevTex, submitted to PRE, Revised version,
minor change
Quasi-equilibria in one-dimensional self-gravitating many body systems
The microscopic dynamics of one-dimensional self-gravitating many-body
systems is studied. We examine two courses of the evolution which has the
isothermal and stationary water-bag distribution as initial conditions. We
investigate the evolution of the systems toward thermal equilibrium. It is
found that when the number of degrees of freedom of the system is increased,
the water-bag distribution becomes a quasi-equilibrium, and also the
stochasticity of the system reduces. This results suggest that the phase space
of the system is effectively not ergodic and the system with large degreees of
freedom approaches to the near-integrable one.Comment: 21pages + 7 figures (available upon request), revtex, submitted to
Physical Review
Signals for CPT and Lorentz Violation in Neutral-Meson Oscillations
Experimental signals for indirect CPT violation in the neutral-meson systems
are studied in the context of a general CPT- and Lorentz-violating
standard-model extension. In this explicit theory, some CPT observables depend
on the meson momentum and exhibit diurnal variations. The consequences for CPT
tests vary significantly with the specific experimental scenario. The wide
range of possible effects is illustrated for two types of CPT experiment
presently underway, one involving boosted uncorrelated kaons and the other
involving unboosted correlated kaon pairs.Comment: Accepted in Physical Review D, scheduled for December 1999 issu
Point defects, ferromagnetism and transport in calcium hexaboride
The formation energy and local magnetic moment of a series of point defects
in CaB are computed using a supercell approach within the generalized
gradient approximation to density functional theory. Based on these results,
speculations are made as to the influence of these defects on electrical
transport. It is found that the substitution of Ca by La does not lead to the
formation of a local moment, while a neutral B vacancy carries a moment of
2.4 Bohr magnetons, mostly distributed over the six nearest-neighbour B atoms.
A plausible mechanism for the ferromagnetic ordering of these moments is
suggested. Since the same broken B-B bonds appear on the preferred (100)
cleavage planes of the CaB structure, it is argued that internal surfaces
in polycrystals as well as external surfaces in general will make a large
contribution to the observed magnetization.Comment: Calculated defect formation energies had to be corrected, due to the
use of a wrong reference energy for the perfect crystal in the original pape
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