Severe suppurative otitis media due to Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A in a fully vaccinated infant by age

The routine use of pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) in childhood has significantly reduced the frequency of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs). Serotype replacement has occurred, resulting in an increase in nonvaccine serotypes. Despite this changing profile, both invasive and noninvasive cases continue to be seen with strains within the scope of PCV coverage. Although older children with comorbid disease are described as a risky group for vaccine insufficiency, vaccine failure patterns should be described in detail

Comparison of the sperm anlysis after six months intervals on the same patients

Amaç: Aynı hastada 6 aylık aralıklarla semen analizi tekrarlandığında, sonuçların değişkenlik gösterip göstermediği ve mevsimsel farklılıkların ortaya çıkıp çıkmadığının istatistiksel olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metod: Zeynep Kamil Kadın ve Çocuk Hastalıkları Hastanesi Üremeye Yardımcı Tedaviler Merkesi Androloji lab or atuv arına altı aylık aralıklarla başvuran 56 hastanın iki semen analizi karşılıklı değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel incelemeler; Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi and paired t-testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Mart-Nisan-Mayıs aylarında alınan örnekler; aynı hastaların Eylül-Ekim ya da Kasım aylarında alınan örneklerinin sonuçları ile karşılaştırıldığında; sperm sayı ve motilitesinde artış gözlenmiş; ancak bu artış istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Tartışma: Aynı kişide altı aylık aralıklarla yapılan semen analizi sonuçları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olacak derecede bir değişiklik göstermemektedir. Analiz sonuçlarının birbirine çok yakın olması; sperm parametrelerinin çok değişken olabileceğinin bilinmesine karşılık halen an güvenilir yöntemlerden birinin olduğunu da bir kez daha göstermektedir.Introduction: The aim of the study were (i) statistical analysis of two different semen analysis results on the same patients after six months intervals and (ii) to examine if there are seasonal variations on semen parameterst. Material and Methods: Semen parameters of 56 patients who applied to the Andrology Laboratory of Assisted Reproductive Center of Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases' Hospital were analysed by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and paired t-test. Results: There were increase on sperm count and motility on the same patients who gave samples two times with six months intervals (on March-April-May and September-October or November). However; this increase was not statistical meaningful. Conclusions: Statistical meaningful differences on the parameters of semen analysis of same patients were not observed. The results were pretty consistents; in spite of it is well known that the results could be effected by many factors. We also conclude that semen analysis is still very valuable since it is one of the most trustable, easiest and the cheapest method

Partial Hepatectomy for the Resistant Fasciola Hepatica Infection in a Child.

Fascioliasis is an emerging and important chronic parasitic disease caused by two trematode liver fluke species: Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) and Fasciola gigantica (F. gigantica) infecting several herbivorous mammals including cattle, goats, sheep, and humans. We report a 9-year-old girl who suffered from F. hepatica infection and underwent right hepatectomy because of increasing abdominal pain resistant to anthelmintic chemotherapy. When anthelmintic drug treatment is not effective and abdominal pain persists, surgical resection including hepatectomy should be kept in mind for resistant F. hepatica infection

The impact of meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-TT) on meningococcal carriage in Hajj Pilgrims returning to Turkey

Meningococcal conjugate vaccine was administered for the first time to pilgrims in 2018 in Turkey prior to their departure to the Hajj. This study aimed to determine the effect of vaccination on the prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis carriage among the pilgrims returning to Turkey. This prospective paired (departing and arriving) cohort study included pilgrims aged 10–80 years and compared N.meningitidis carriage before and after pilgrimage. Oropharyngeal samples were collected from 229 pilgrims before departing for Mecca, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and after their return to Turkey. Meningococcal carriage was detected in 3.9% (n = 9) at the time of departure; all positive samples were serogroup B. Upon returning to Turkey,1 (0.4%) pilgrim, who was not a carrier before pilgrimage, was positive for serogroup B. This study is the first to examine meningococcal carriage following the administration of conjugate vaccine to Hajj pilgrims from Turkey

Tularemia in Children, Turkey, September 2009–November 2012

Tularemia, a zoonotic disease caused by Francisella tularensis, is found throughout most of the Northern Hemisphere. It is not well known and is often misdiagnosed in children. Our aim with this study was to evaluate the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis for 100 children with tularemia in Turkey. The mean patient age was 10.1 ± 3.5 years (range 3–18 years), and most (63%) patients were male. The most common physical signs and laboratory findings were cervical lymphadenopathy (92%) and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (89%). Treatment response was higher and rate of relapse lower for children 5–10 years of age than for those in other age groups. Associated with treatment failure were female sex, treatment delay of ≥16 days, and use of doxycycline. Tularemia is endemic to Turkey, and the number of cases has been increasing among children as well as adults

Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage in healthy Turkish children after 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine implementation in the national immunization program.

In Turkey, pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV) was introduced to the national immunization program as PCV7 in 2008, and was replaced with PCV13 in 2011. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of PCV13 on nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage (NPC) by determining the serotype distribution, and to identify risk factors for carriage, in healthy Turkish children