Les transformations dans les services à domicile en Ontario

L'organisation des services de soins de longue durée en Ontario est fort complexe. Ces services font actuellement l'objet d'une réévaluation en profondeur. Les auteurs de l'article présentent d'abord l'organisation actuelle des services de soins de longue durée. Puis, dans un deuxième temps, à la lumière de la situation présentée, ils discutent des effets de la fragmentation des services. En troisième analyse, ils mettent en évidence les mesures proposées à travers les nouvelles politiques gouvernementales en ce qui a trait aux services à domicile et, par la suite, se penchent sur l'efficacité des transformations proposées. En guise de conclusion, ils mettent en relief quelques aspects positifs des changements suggérés et dégagent quelques appréhensions majeures face à la réforme en cours, particulièrement en ce qui a trait aux services à domicile.In this paper, the authors address the complexity of the organization of long-term in-home care services. The Ontario government is presently reassessing these services. A description of the actual organization of these services is presented first, followed by the effects of services fragmentation. The authors then discuss specific measures emerging from new governmental policies regarding in-home services as well as an examination of the efficiency of the proposed transformations. In conclusion, they highlight positive aspects of the proposed modifications related to these services and share some apprehensions regarding the current reform process of in-home care services

Le sacrement de mariage comme chemin de salut d'une vie conjugale dans le monde occidental moderne

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Glacial vicariance in Eurasia: mitochondrial DNA evidence from Scots pine for a complex heritage involving genetically distinct refugia at mid-northern latitudes and in Asia Minor

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>At the last glacial maximum, Fennoscandia was covered by an ice sheet while the tundra occupied most of the rest of northern Eurasia. More or less disjunct refugial populations of plants were dispersed in southern Europe, often trapped between mountain ranges and seas. Genetic and paleobotanical evidences indicate that these populations have contributed much to Holocene recolonization of more northern latitudes. Less supportive evidence has been found for the existence of glacial populations located closer to the ice margin. Scots pine (<it>Pinus sylvestris </it>L.) is a nordic conifer with a wide natural range covering much of Eurasia. Fractures in its extant genetic structure might be indicative of glacial vicariance and how different refugia contributed to the current distribution at the continental level. The population structure of Scots pine was investigated on much of its Eurasian natural range using maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A novel polymorphic region of the Scots pine mitochondrial genome has been identified, the intron 1 of <it>nad7</it>, with three variants caused by insertions-deletions. From 986 trees distributed among 54 populations, four distinct multi-locus mitochondrial haplotypes (mitotypes) were detected based on the three <it>nad7 </it>intron 1 haplotypes and two previously reported size variants for <it>nad1 </it>intron B/C. Population differentiation was high (<it>G</it>_ST= 0.657) and the distribution of the mitotypes was geographically highly structured, suggesting at least four genetically distinct ancestral lineages. A cosmopolitan lineage was widely distributed in much of Europe throughout eastern Asia. A previously reported lineage limited to the Iberian Peninsula was confirmed. A new geographically restricted lineage was found confined to Asia Minor. A new lineage was restricted to more northern latitudes in northeastern Europe and the Baltic region.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The contribution of the various ancestral lineages to the current distribution of Scots pine was asymmetric and extant endemism reflected the presence of large geographic barriers to migration. The results suggest a complex biogeographical history with glacial refugia shared with temperate plant species in southern European Peninsulas and Asia Minor, and a genetically distinct glacial population located more North. These results confirm recent observations for cold tolerant species about the possible existence of refugial populations at mid-northern latitudes contributing significantly to the recolonization of northern Europe. Thus, Eurasian populations of nordic plant species might not be as genetically homogenous as assumed by simply considering them as offsets of glacial populations located in southern peninsulas. As such, they might have evolved distinctive genetic adaptations during glacial vicariance, worth evaluating and considering for conservation.</p

Une stratégie de services partagés au gouvernement du Québec : Rapport du Groupe de travail sur l'intégration et la rationalisation des services de soutien administratif aux ministères et aux organismes

Abstract available in french