Avaliação do Albedo em áreas de plantio da cana-de-açúcar.

A cana-de-açúcar é uma cultura de grande importância econômica no Brasil. A área de estudo deste trabalho é a região nordeste do Estado de São Paulo, maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar do Brasil, reconhecida como uma área com alta concentração da cultura. Diante da tendência de eliminação da prática de queima da cana-de-açúcar, foi avaliada a área de cultivo da cana crua, ou seja, cana colhida sem queima antes do corte. Para obtenção dos valores de albedo, foi utilizado o algoritmo SAFER, desenvolvido por Teixeira (2012), a partir de dados obtidos a com o uso de sensoriamento remoto em imagens do sensor MODIS. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o albedo varia de acordo com o desenvolvimento da cultura ao longo do ano, assim como a presença da palha, resultante do modo de colheita, que acarreta mudança na cobertura do solo e influencia no albedo

MCT1 and MCT4 kinetic of mRNA expression in different tissues after aerobic exercise at maximal lactate steady state workload

We evaluate the mRNA expression of monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 (MCT1 and MCT4) in skeletal muscle (soleus, red and white gastrocnemius), heart and liver tissues in mice submitted to a single bout of swimming exercise at the maximal lactate steady state workload (MLSSw). After 72 h of MLSS test, the animals were submitted to a swimming exercise session for 25 min at individual MLSSw. Tissues and muscle samples were obtained at rest (control, n=5), immediately (n=5), 5 h (n=5) and 10 h (n=5) after exercise for determination of the MCT1 and MCT4 mRNA expression (RT-PCR). The MCT1 mRNA expression in liver increased after 10 h in relation to the control, immediate and 5 h groups, but the MCT4 remained unchanged. The MCT1 mRNA expression in heart increased by 31 % after 10 h when compared to immediate, but no differences were observed in relation to the control group. No significant differences were observed for red gastrocnemius in MCT1 and MCT4 mRNA expression. However, white gastrocnemius increased MCT1 mRNA expression immediately when compared to rest, 5 and 10 h test groups. In soleus muscle, the MCT1 mRNA expression increased immediately, 5 and 10 h after exercise when compared to the control. In relation to MCT4 mRNA expression, the soleus increased immediately and 10 h after acute exercise when compared to the control group. The soleus, liver and heart were the main tissues that showed improved the MCT1 mRNA expression, indicating its important role in controlling MLSS concentration in mice.644513522CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informaçãosem informação04/06643-1FAP-UNIME

Germinação de sementes de Conyza Spp em função da espécie e da quantidade de palhada no solo.

Edição dos Anais do XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Sementes, Foz do Iguaçu, 2015

Zoneamento agroecológico do dendezeiro para as áreas desmatadas do Estado do Amazonas.

Em atendimento a uma demanda do Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia-MCT e em fase final de execução, o Zoneamento Agroecológico do dendezeiro para as áreas desmatadas do estado do Amazonas constitui produto do projeto FINEP ?Zoneamento Agroecológico para Culturas Oleaginosas (Dendê nas áreas desmatadas) da Amazônia Legal, com Ênfase na Fronteira Brasileira?, liderado pela Embrapa Solos e desenvolvido com a colaboração da Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Embrapa Acre, Embrapa Rondônia, Embrapa Roraima; Emater-RO; SIPAM-Manaus, Ministério do Meio Ambiente/SDS, IBAMA, CEPLAC/CEPEC; SEPLAN-MT; UFPA, Femact-AC. Da área objeto do estudo foram excluídas as áreas de reserva legal (áreas de proteção ambiental e reservas indígenas). O trabalho foi realizado com base nas informações de solo obtidas do banco de dados do SIPAM e de clima obtidas de várias fontes que dispunham de séries de dados de períodos não inferiores a 10 anos. O zoneamento para o dendezeiro no nível B de manejo, permite identificar no estado do Amazonas 1.461.374,6 ha de terras com aptidão Preferencial, 889.465,7 ha com aptidão regular, 8.337,2 ha com aptidão marginal e 415.516,7 ha inaptos. Para o nível de manejo C foram identificados 1.532.122,9 ha com aptidão Preferencial, 681.556,0.ha com aptidão Regular, 142.830,4 ha com aptidão Marginal e 418.185,0 ha inaptos para o dendezeiro

Unveiling the Influence of Carbon Nanotube Diameter and Surface Modification on the Anchorage of L-Asparaginase

L-asparaginase (ASNase, EC 3.5.1.1) is an amidohydrolase enzyme known for its anti-cancer properties, with an ever-increasing commercial value. Immobilization has been studied to improve the enzyme’s efficiency, enabling its recovery and reuse, enhancing its stability and half-life time. In this work, the effect of pH, contact time and enzyme concentration during the ASNase physical adsorption onto pristine and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs and f-MWCNTs, respectively) with different size diameters was investigated by maximizing ASNase relative recovered activity (RRA) and immobilization yield (IY). Immobilized ASNase reusability and kinetic parameters were also evaluated. The ASNase immobilization onto f-MWCNTs offered higher loading capacities, enhanced reusability, and improved enzyme affinity to the substrate, attaining RRA and IY of 100 and 99%, respectively, at the best immobilization conditions (0.4 mg/mL of ASNase, pH 8, 30 min of contact time). In addition, MWCNTs diameter proved to play a critical role in determining the enzyme binding affinity, as evidenced by the best results attained with f-MWCNTs with diameters of 10–20 nm and 20–40 nm. This study provided essential information on the impact of MWCNTs diameter and their surface functionalization on ASNase efficiency, which may be helpful for the development of innovative biomedical devices or food pre-treatment solutionspublishe

Effect of training-detraining phases of multicomponent exercises and BCAA supplementation on inflammatory markers and albumin levels in frail older persons

Nowadays, it is accepted that the regular practice of exercise and branched-chain amino acids supplementation (BCAAs) can benefit the immune responses in older persons, prevent the occurrence of physical frailty (PF), cognitive decline, and aging-related comorbidities. However, the impact of their combination (as non-pharmacological interventions) in albumin and the inflammatory markers is not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of a 40-week multifactorial intervention [MIP, multicomponent exercise (ME) associated or not with BCAAs] on plasma levels of inflammatory markers and albumin in frail older persons (≥75 years old) living at residential care homes (RCH). This study consisted of a prospective, naturalistic, controlled clinical trial with four arms of multifactorial and experimental (interventions-wahshout-interventions) design. The intervention groups were ME + BCAAs (n = 8), ME (n = 7), BCAAs (n = 7), and control group (n = 13). Lower limb muscle-strength, cognitive profile, and PF tests were concomitantly evaluated with plasma levels of albumin, anti-and pro-inflammatory cytokines [Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) respectively], TNF-α/IL-10 ratio, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity at four different time-points: Baseline (T1), after 16 weeks of multifactorial intervention (T2), then after a subsequent 8 weeks washout period (T3) and finally, after an additional 16 weeks of multifactorial intervention (T4). Improvement of cognitive profile and muscle strength-related albumin levels, as well as reduction in the TNF-α levels were found particularly in ME plus BCAAs group. No significant variations were observed over time for TNF-α/IL-10 ratio or MPO activity. Overall, the study showed that MIP triggered slight alterations in the inflammatory and physical function of the frail older participants, which could provide independence and higher quality of life for this population

Effect of a 40-weeks multicomponent exercise program and branched chain amino acids supplementation on functional fitness and mental health in frail older persons

BACKGROUND: The ageing process implies several physiological and psychological changes that hence affect the general health, mood states, and quality of life of older persons. Exercise and adequate nutrition are renowned non-pharmacological strategies that significantly delay and alleviate the adverse consequences of the ageing process. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation and a multicomponent exercise program (ME) on the physical frailty and mood states of older persons. METHODS: 35 participants (women and men; 83 ± 3 years old) from residential care homes were submitted to a 40-week exercise-washout-retraining intervention (16 weeks of the elastic band based exercise and/or supplementation, 8 weeks of washout, and 16 weeks of multicomponent exercise and/or resupplementing), with or without BCAA supplementation. The experimental groups were: (i) ME plus BCAA supplementation (ME+BCAA); (ii) ME; (iii) BCAA supplementation (BCAA), and (iv) control group (CG). Fried's phenotype was used to assess frailty prevalence. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Profile of Mood State (POMS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), were used to access mental health and cognition. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was used to access functional capacity. Salivary testosterone levels (ST) were also determined to access the anabolic effects of the intervention. RESULTS: Exercise was effective in improving functional capacity and prevented the increase in frailty that occurred in the non-exercising CG, where the frailty scores increased over time (p < 0.01). BCAAs supplement alone had no impact on functional fitness, but in a short time (16 weeks) contributed to diminishing frailty and combined with exercise may have the potential to reduce the effect of a detraining period on functional capacity. Salivary testosterone levels correlated with handgrip strength and could be a useful indicator of susceptibility to frailty. No effects were found for mood states, cognition, and depression. CONCLUSION: This study showed that a long-term exercise program, independent of being multicomponent or strength elastic band-based, was effective in improving functional capacity and prevented an increase in frailty in frail and pre-frail older persons living in residential care homes