Experimental study of a liquid Xenon PET prototype module

A detector using liquid Xenon in the scintillation mode is studied for Positron Emission Tomography (PET). The specific design aims at taking full advantage of the liquid Xenon properties. It does feature a promising insensitive to any parallax effect. This work reports on the performances of the first LXe prototype module, equipped with a position sensitive PMT operating in the VUV range (178 nm).Comment: Proc. of the 7th International Workshops on Radiation Imaging Detectors (IWORID-7), Grenoble, France 4-7 July 200

The role of oversight in foreign-national only prisons: counteracting the disapplication of rehabilitation

In several European countries, prisons have been created solely to house foreign national prisoners without leave to remain. Contrary to contemporary international human rights law and standards on prison management, there seems to be a trend towards the disapplication of rehabilitative theory and practice for this group of prisoners. In particular, they do not seem to receive the same preparation for release and reintegrative support as other prisoners. This paper explores the role international standards and oversight bodies have in upholding rehabilitation as the foundational objective for prison management in foreign national only prisons. It outlines the changes to the prison estate, policy and regime that have resulted from the increasing focus on removal within both the prison and penal process. The consequences of the disapplication of rehabilitation for prisons, prison officers, prisoners and society itself are analysed before the paper moves to examine the role oversight bodies could and should play in the protection of the rights of this vulnerable category of prisoner and the primacy that should be accorded to rehabilitative theory and practice. It concludes by asking whether such standards and oversight have inverted the panopticon by placing the trigger for international reactions in the hands of prisoners and NGOs

A new conceptual framework for revenge firesetting

Revenge has frequently been acknowledged to account for a relatively large proportion of motives in deliberate firesetting. However, very little is actually known about the aetiology of revenge firesetting. Theoretical approaches to revenge-seeking behaviour are discussed. A brief review of how revenge is accounted for in existing theoretical explanations of deliberate firesetting and the known characteristics of revenge firesetters are provided. On this basis, the authors suggest, as a motive, revenge firesetting has to date been misconceptualised. A new conceptual framework is thus proposed, paying particular attention to the contextual, affective, cognitive, volitional and behavioural factors which may influence and generate a single episode of revenge firesetting. Treatment implications and suggestions for future research are also provided

Examining the Psychopathology of Incarcerated Male Firesetters using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III

Research to date has been equivocal on the relationship between firesetting and psychopathology, and has been impeded by studies lacking adequate control samples. The present study examined psychopathology in a sample of incarcerated adult male firesetters (n = 112) and prison controls (n = 113) using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III. Firesetters demonstrated multiple elevated scores on personality and clinical syndrome scales. Logistic regression showed that the borderline personality scale was the strongest personality scale discriminator between firesetters and controls. Major depression and drug dependence were the strongest clinical syndrome scale predictors. However, both clinical syndrome scale predictors appeared to be mediated by borderline personality scores indicating that firesetters are best characterized by responding indicative of borderline personality traits rather than other psychopathological deficits. The results suggest that, relative to other offenders, firesetters face challenges with impulse control, affect regulation, stability of interpersonal relationships, and self-image

Adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism who deliberately set fires: A systematic review

Fire setting behaviour has devastating consequences and a significant number of adults who set fires have intellectual disabilities and/or autism. However, there has been no comprehensive review of the characteristics and treatment needs of this group of offenders, with existing reviews being limited in terms of sample population and methodological rigour. The purpose of this review was to systematically examine and synthesise existing research to determine what is known about adults with intellectual disabilities and autism who set fires. PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES, Medline, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Criminal Justice Abstracts, SCOPUS, Open Grey, and the University of Kent arson library were searched for articles. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Searches resulted in 100 articles that met the specific inclusion criteria. Findings indicated adults with intellectual disabilities and autism share some characteristics with other adults who set fires (e.g. aggression, impulsivity). They also face additional challenges, which may have implications for treatment and risk formulation (e.g. communication difficulties, lack of support). However, current research is generally of poor methodological quality, limiting our ability to understand the unique characteristics and treatment needs of this population

Managing challenging behaviour using applied behavioural analysis and positive behavioural support in forensic settings: A systematic review

Applied Behavioural Analysis (ABA) and Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) are frequently reported in the literature as successful interventions to reduce challenging behaviour. However, there has been no comprehensive review of the effectiveness of ABA and PBS within forensic settings. The purpose of this review was to systematically examine and synthesise existing research to investigate the effectiveness of ABA and PBS in forensic settings, and to identify any potential barriers and facilitators associated with implementing PBS. Databases including PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES, Medline, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Criminal Justice Abstracts, were searched. ABA/PBS journals in the field were targeted with ancestry searches conducted to identify relevant articles. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Searches resulted in 29 articles that met the specific inclusion criteria. Findings indicated that behavioural modification techniques and behavioural analysis have been implemented within forensic settings with some degree of success. Although several challenges to the implementation of PBS were highlighted (e.g., barriers to collaborative work, inconsistent practice and a lack of resources). However, current research is limited and generally of poor methodological quality, significantly reducing our ability to understand the effectiveness of ABA and PBS in forensic settings

Enquête « Suivis de biodiversité en forêt métropolitaine » : premiers résultats et besoins exprimés

National audienceNous présentons les premiers résultats de l'enquête adossée à l'invitation au séminaire de ce jour « Améliorer le suivi de la biodiversité en forêt en France métropolitaine : pourquoi ? comment ? » (3/12/19). Il s'agit d'un dépouillement grossier, sans analyse croisée entre questions, qui met toutefois en évidence : - Un profil de répondants varié et équilibré, y compris dans la répartition géographique entre province et Ile-de-France - L'expression de besoin de suivis des impacts de la gestion forestière et des changements climatiques sur la biodiversité - Le besoin de données sur des groupes très forestiers mais orphelins (insectes, champignons, faune du sol, bryophytes, lichens...) - Le besoin de suivi de biodiversité et/ou d'amélioration des suivis actuels, notamment pour faire le lien entre pressions et état de la biodiversit

Sexuality and relationships education for people with ASD – pilot programme implementation

No abstract available